Invasive Species in the Barnegat Bay Region - Georgian Court ...

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5/1/2013 http://www.flickr.com/photos/plant_diversity/3768272782/ Invasive Weeds Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) • Distinctive black tips on flower bracts give species its name. • Produces huge number of seeds and is spreading rapidly in NJ and beyond. • Grows in variety of habitats where it outcompetes native species • Also harms soil and water by increasing erosion, surface runoff, and stream sedimentation http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Cirsium_arvense_0.10_R.jpg http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Canada_thistle_cirsium_arvense_144a.JPG Invasive Weeds Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) • 1 – 4 feet tall with spiny, lobed leaves and many small, purplish flower heads • Highly invasive, it outcompetes native plants in open habitats such as barrens, sand dunes and meadows Asiatic Sand Sedge • Lower stature • Much denser growth pattern • Outcompetes native plants • Not eaten by native animals • Forms lower, wider dunes Invasive Aquatics Eurasian water-milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) • Grows mostly in lakes and ponds • Starts growing earlier in spring than native aquatic plants, • Quickly forms dense canopy that outcompetes surrounding vegetation • Lower food value to waterfowl than native plants • Supports fewer invertebrates so affects fish too • Water quality and dissolved oxygen declines due to decay of thick vegetation Curly-leaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus) Invasive Aquatics • Usually first macrophyte to emerge in spring, but dies back by July • Capable of rapid growth and spread • Can displace native species, reduce biodiversity, impede recreational activities and decrease water quality Invasive Animals of the Barnegat Region Green crab Asian shore crab Mute Swan Harlequin Ladybug Beetle Starling Japanese Beetle 6
5/1/2013 INVASIVE SPECIES Prevention is the best way to reduce threats from invasive species, because once they arrive it is almost impossible to slow their spread. Status and Trends in State Invasive Species Policy: 2002-2009 (free download available from http://www.elistore.org) NJ Invasive Species Legislation • The New Jersey Department of Agriculture has lists of prohibited and restricted seeds http://www.nj.gov/agriculture/divisions/pi/prog/noxious.html e.g. PROHIBITED WEED SEED The following seeds are not allowed in agricultural, flower, tree, shrub or lawn and turf seed: – Bindweed - Convolvulus arvensis – Hedge bindweed - Convolvulus sepium – Quackgrass - Agropyron repens – Canada thistle - Cirsium arvense – Horse nettle - Solanum carolinense – Purple loosestrife--Lythrum salicaria L. (added in 2013) • NJ also has a recommended “Do not plant” list: http://www.njisst.org/files/DoNotPlantList.pdf New Jersey Lags Many Other States in Invasive Species Legislation Status and Trends in State Invasive Species Policy: 2002-2009 (free download available from http://www.elistore.org) Municipal Ordinances • Invasive Species Ordinances in NJ. Wall, Brick, Lacey and Toms River – All persons must control the growth of invasive plants. Failure to control the spread of such vegetation beyond the boundaries of a resident's property is a violation of this chapter. – All places and premises in the Township [] shall be subject to inspection by the enforcing officer. Such inspections shall be performed by such person, persons or agency duly authorized and appointed by the Township []. Such inspection shall be made if that official has reason to believe that any section of this chapter is being violated. – Whenever an invasive plant as defined by this chapter is found on any plot of land, lot or any other premises or place, a violation shall be given to the owner, in writing, to remove or abate the same within such time as shall be specified therein (recommend time in years, due to difficulty of removing bamboo). – Examples include but are not limited to bamboo (spreading or running type), ragweed, multi flora rose, kudzu-vine and poison ivy or oak. Municipal Ordinances • Survey by the State League of Municipalities of a representative sample of towns in New Jersey showed ¼ of municipalities to have something about invasive plant species in their town codes (30 / 120 towns surveyed) • E.g. Margate’s Land Use Ordinance: – 6. Plantings of bamboo are not permitted, as they become harmful to foundations, other plants, and potentially water and sewer pipes. 7
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Page 3 and 4: 5/1/2013 What are the Main Problem
Page 5: 5/1/2013 English Ivy (Hedera helix)

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