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186 Pattenden and Thomas<br />

15. Cells can be pelleted from the aliquot by centrifugation (6000 × g, 15 min, 4°C).<br />

Ensure the supernatant is decanted completely. It is optional to store the cell<br />

pellet and process at a later date. Cell pellets should not be stored at 4°C, but may<br />

be stored for several weeks at –20°C before proceeding. Longer term storage<br />

should be at –80°C or under liquid nitrogen. If stored frozen, thaw the pellet in<br />

ice water when ready to proceed.<br />

16. New England BioLabs state amylose resin can withstand centrifugation at up to<br />

6000 × g (2).<br />

17. Transferring to a new vessel during washing steps decreases non-specific contaminants<br />

that adhere to vessel walls or remain in vessels and carry over to subsequent<br />

steps.<br />

18. For amylose agarose, the total protein concentration should be ≤2.5 mg/mL for<br />

best binding to the amylose matrix with reduced viscosity (which causes severe<br />

flow restrictions). The dilution to 2.5 mg/mL restricts the batch mode by what<br />

volume can be handled in terms of the size of centrifuge tubes that can be used<br />

and column size. For batch and semi-batch modes, no more than 5 mL matrix is<br />

recommended.<br />

19. The resin may be reused up to 10 times (2), but caution should be made if<br />

regenerating at 4°C as SDS can precipitate over time.<br />

20. When using a dialysis cassette, it is necessary to cut away the membrane window<br />

using a scalpel to properly extract the amylose matrix to avoid foaming.<br />

References<br />

1. Maina, C. V., Riggs, P. D., Grandea, A. G., III, Slatko, B. E., Moran, L. S.,<br />

Tagliamonte, J. A., McReynolds, L. A., and Guan, C. D., (1988), An Escherichia<br />

coli vector to express and purify foreign proteins by fusion to and separation from<br />

maltose-binding protein, Gene 74, 365.<br />

2. pMAL Protein Fusion and Purification System (Expression and Purification of<br />

Proteins and Cloned Genes), (2006), New England Biolabs. V 5.1.<br />

3. Addgene, (2006), http://www.addgene.org.<br />

4. Fox, J. D., Routzahn, K. M., Bucher, M. H., and Waugh, D. S., (2003),<br />

Maltodextrin-binding proteins from diverse bacteria and archaea are potent<br />

solubility enhancers, FEBS Lett. 537, 53.<br />

5. Nallamsetty, S., Austin, B. P., Penrose, K. J., and Waugh, D. S., (2005), Gateway<br />

vectors for the production of combinatorially-tagged His6-MBP fusion proteins in<br />

the cytoplasm and periplasm of Escherichia coli, Protein Sci. 14, 2964.<br />

6. Luecke, H., and Quiocho, F. A., (1990), High specificity of a phosphate transport<br />

protein determined by hydrogen bonds, Nature 347, 402–406.<br />

7. Pflugrath, J. W., and Quiocho, F. A., (1988), The 2 A resolution structure of the<br />

sulfate-binding protein involved in active transport in Salmonella typhimurium, J.<br />

Mol. Biol. 200, 163–180.<br />

8. de Pina, K., Navarro, C., McWalter, L., Boxer, D. H., Price, N. C., Kelly, S. M.,<br />

Mandrand-Berthelot, M. A., and Wu, L. F., (1995), Purification and characteri-

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