Programming Logic and Design Sixth Edition

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Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) • Dual-alternative if – Contains two alternatives – If-then-else structure if someCondition is true then else do oneProcess do theOtherProcess Figure 3-3 Selection structure Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 7 Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 8 Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) • Single-alternative if if employee belongs to dentalPlan then deduct $40 from employeeGrossPay – Else clause is not required • null case – Situation where nothing is done Figure 3-4 Single-alternative selection structure Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 9 Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 10 Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) • Loop structure – Repeats a set of actions based on the answer to a question • Loop body – Also called repetition or iteration – Question is asked first in the most common form of loop – while … do or while loop Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) Figure 3-5 Loop structure Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 11 Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 12 2
Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) • Loop structure while testCondition continues to be true do someProcess while quantityInInventory remains low continue to orderItems Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 13 Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) • All logic problems can be solved using only these three structures • Structures can be combined in an infinite number of ways • Stacking – Attaching structures end-to-end • End-structure statements – Indicate the end of a structure – The endif statement ends an if-then-else structure – The endwhile ends a loop structure Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 14 Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) • Any individual task or step in a structure can be replaced by a structure • Nesting – Placing one structure within another – Indent the nested structure’s statements • Block – Group of statements that execute as a single unit Figure 3-6 Structured flowchart and pseudocode with three stacked structures Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 15 Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 16 Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) Understanding the Three Basic Structures (continued) Figure 3-7 Flowchart and pseudocode showing nested structures—a sequence nested within a selection Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 17 Figure 3-8 Flowchart and pseudocode showing nested structures—a loop nested within a sequence, nested within a selection Programming Logic & Design, Sixth Edition 18 3
Page 1: Programming Logic and Design Sixth
Page 5 and 6: Figure 3-17 Functional, structured
Page 7 and 8: Recognizing Structure (continued)

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