A Review of Building Evacuation Models - NIST Virtual Library

• Qualitative reproduction of emergent crowd behavior and movement
• Comparison by a third-party against another evacuation model
Special features:
Counterflow – Yes, people can move against the flow of others.
Manual exit block/obstacles – Yes.
Defining groups – Yes.
Disabilities/slow occupant groups – Yes.
Delays/pre-movement time – Delays can be specified for certain occupants.
Elevator use – Yes.
Impatience/drive variables – Yes, the model simulates the attempt of occupants to decrease their
levels of Inconvenience, Frustration, and Discomfort throughout the evacuation.
Route choice of the occupants/occupant distribution – Route choice is based on user input
variables for each occupant such as signage and other path assumptions. Routes are used by
specifying an origin-destination matrix which simulates the variations in demands over a period
of time. The following routing schemes are available:
• By population type
• By percentage
• Spatial segmentation
• By most available
• By nearest available
• Priority schemes
Limitations: Not a significant amount of documentation available on the model.
A-50