A Review of Building Evacuation Models - NIST Virtual Library

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Table 2. Models Available to the Public Characteristics/Model FPETool EVACNET4 TIMTEX WAYOUT Avail to public Y Y Y Y Method Movement Movement-O Movement Movement Structure N/A Coarse Coarse Coarse Perspective of M/O Global Global G/I Global People Beh None None None None Import CAD drawings N N N N Visual Simulation N N N Y Counterflow N N N N Manual exit block N N N N Fire Conditions N N N N Defining Groups N N N N Disabl/Slow Occ grps Y N N N Delays/Pre-movement N N N Y Rte. Choice Most efficient Optimal Split choice 1 route, flows merge Elevator use N Y N N Toxicity to occ N N N N Impatience/Drive N N N N Occ. Distribution Even Optimization User chooses flow split 1 choice only Characteristics/Model STEPS PedGo PED/PAX Simulex Avail to public Y Y Y/N3 Y Method Movement/PB Movement/PB Partial Behavior Partial Behavior Structure Fine Fine Coarse Continuous Perspective of M/O Individual Individual Global Individual People Beh None/Implicit Implicit Implicit Implicit Import CAD drawings Y Y Y Y Visual Simulation Y Y Y Y Counterflow N N N N Manual exit block Y N N Y Fire Conditions N N N N not yet Defining Groups Y Y Y Y Disabl/Slow Occ grps Y Y Y Y Delays/Pre-movement Y Y Y Y Rte. Choice Score Probabilistic/ Conditional Quickest route, optimize, or follow signs Shortest distance or altered distance map Elevator use Y N N N Toxicity to occ N N N N Impatience/Drive Y Y N N Occ Distribution Score/user chooses target Various 3 choices 2 choices 14
Table 2. Models Available to the Public, continued Characteristics/Model GridFlow ASERI bldgEXODUS Avail to public Y Y Y Method Partial Behavior Behavioral-RA Behavioral Structure Continuous Continuous Fine Perspective of M/O Individual Individual Individual People beh Implicit Conditional Conditional Import CAD drawings Y N, F Y Visual simulation Y Y Y Counterflow Y N Y Manual exit block Y Y Y Fire conditions N, only FED input Y Y Defining groups Y Y Y Disabl/Slow occ grps Y Y Y – mobility Delays/Pre-evacuation Y Y Y Rte. choice Shortest distance, random, or user-defined Shortest or userdefined, then conditional Conditional Elevator use N N N Toxicity to occ Y Y Y Impatience/Drive N N Y Occ distribution 3 choices Various Various Characteristics/Model EXITT Legion Avail to public Y Y Method Behavior Behavioral Structure Coarse Continuous Perspective of M/O Individual Individual People beh Conditional AI Import CAD drawings N Y Visual simulation Y Y Counterflow N Y Manual exit block Y Y Fire conditions Y N, not yet Defining groups Y Y Disabl/Slow occ grps Y Y Delays/Pre-evacuation Y Y Rte. choice Conditional Conditional Elevator use N Y Toxicity to occ N N Impatience/Drive N Y – alternate naming of variables Occ distribution Various Various 15
Page 1: Technical Note 1471 A Review of Bui
Page 4 and 5: Disclaimer Certain commercial entit
Page 6 and 7: Tables Table 1. Overall features of
Page 9 and 10: A Review of Building Evacuation Mod
Page 11 and 12: 2 Features of Egress Models This re
Page 13 and 14: The current model categories for pu
Page 15 and 16: • Inter-person distance (ID): Eac
Page 17 and 18: 2.11 Validation The models are also
Page 19 and 20: (2-D): 2-Dimension visualization av
Page 21: Table 1. Overall features of egress
Page 25 and 26: Table 4. Models Not Yet Released Ch
Page 27 and 28: 3.2 Overview of Model Features The
Page 29 and 30: If the user has a project that invo
Page 31 and 32: 5 References 1. Custer, R. L. P. &
Page 33 and 34: 29. IES. (2001). Simulex User Manua
Page 35 and 36: 57. Fraser-Mitchell, J. (2001). Sim
Page 37: 86. Okazaki, S. & Matsushita, S. (2
Page 40 and 41: Models Publicly Available A.1 Egres
Page 42 and 43: Use of fire data: None. Output: The
Page 44 and 45: y the arc), which is calculated by
Page 46 and 47: A.3 TIMTEX Developer: S.S. Harringt
Page 48 and 49: A.4 WAYOUT Developer: V.O. Shestopa
Page 50 and 51: A.5 STEPS Developer: Mott MacDonald
Page 52 and 53: Occupants can also be introduced in
Page 54 and 55: A.6 PedGo Developer: TraffGo Purpos
Page 56 and 57: Any interaction between the occupan
Page 58 and 59: A.7 PEDROUTE and PAXPORT Developer:
Page 60 and 61: Limitations: No individual consider
Page 62 and 63: Occupant movement: From the Simulex
Page 64 and 65: Body Type Table A.5: Body sizes for
Page 66 and 67: Table A.6: Validation study results
Page 68 and 69: A.9 GridFlow Developer: D. Purser &
Page 70 and 71: adjusts the FED susceptibility of e
Page 72 and 73:
A.10 ASERI Developer: V. Schneider,
Page 74 and 75:
the FED model by Purser. This inclu
Page 76 and 77:
parameters yields realistic results
Page 78 and 79:
A.11 buildingEXODUS Developer: E. G
Page 80 and 81:
higher potential for a short time d
Page 82 and 83:
level includes the movie player, da
Page 84 and 85:
• Occupants stop investigating if
Page 86 and 87:
A.13 Legion Developer: Legion Inter
Page 88 and 89:
• Qualitative reproduction of eme
Page 90 and 91:
Validation studies: No publications
Page 92 and 93:
Special features: Route choice of t
Page 94 and 95:
Table A.8: Fruin data and correspon
Page 96 and 97:
Validation studies: Validation was
Page 98 and 99:
Table A.12: Building/Occupant chara
Page 100 and 101:
A.18 CRISP3 Developer: J. Fraser-Mi
Page 102 and 103:
maximum value. Lastly, the lower di
Page 104 and 105:
A.19 EGRESS Developer: N. Ketchell,
Page 106 and 107:
Movement algorithm The unimpeded me
Page 108 and 109:
Disabilities/slow occupant groups -
Page 110 and 111:
Occupant movement: Cellular automat
Page 112 and 113:
graphical format in the article in
Page 114 and 115:
not gained, and this is labeled as
Page 116 and 117:
A.22 EXIT89 Developer: R.F. Fahy, N
Page 118 and 119:
evacuation time and the number of o
Page 120 and 121:
the ceiling. This is the same metho
Page 122 and 123:
factor,” the current goal is chan
Page 124 and 125:
Use of fire data: The model can acc
Page 126 and 127:
• Physical scale - This scale is
Page 128 and 129:
• Free - elevator is idle Use of
Page 130 and 131:
are applied to the entire populatio
Page 132 and 133:
A.26 EgressPro Developer: P. Simenk
Page 134 and 135:
A.27 BFIRES-2 Developer: F. Stahl,
Page 136 and 137:
types of subroutines consist of tho
Page 138 and 139:
• Boundaries of room subdivisions
Page 140 and 141:
Fire Influence Smoke Influence Prox
Page 142 and 143:
Model Availability Unknown A.29 Mag
Page 144 and 145:
A.30 E-SCAPE Developer: E. Reisser-
Page 146 and 147:
affected by the movement of others,
Page 148 and 149:
A.31 References 1. Nelson, H. E. (2
Page 150 and 151:
28. Barton, J. and Leather, J. (199
Page 152 and 153:
57. Gwynne, S., Galea, E. R., Lawre
Page 154 and 155:
86. Lo, S. M. & Fang, Z. (2000). A
Page 156:
115. Gwynne, S. & Galea, E. R. (200
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