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Sicot 74BRF – What have we learnt ■■CSD Extension and Development Team with Mike Bange, CSIRO Sicot 74BRF from its release has moved to dominate the variety choice of Australian cotton growers. At present it represents up to 64 per cent of all seed planted within Australia. It has become popular for its 0.2 to 0.3 bale per hectare improvement in yield over Sicot 71BRF as well as have a good fibre quality, disease resistance and being partially regionally adaptive. Previously the Australian cotton industry was predominated by varieties from the Sicot 71 family. A variety suite with high yield potential, wide regional adaptability and excellent responsiveness to the inputs of management. But although there are similarities between Sicot 71BRF and Sicot 74BRF, it is in the subtle differences between the two varieties where growers and consultants can fine tune their management to achieve the most from this excellent variety. How does Sicot 74BRF differ from Sicot 71BRF There has been a lot of speculation and comment about the establishment of Sicot 74BRF in past seasons, due to its lower seed density. This has resulted in below par establishment in marginal conditions, but this is widely known and can and should be compensated for quite easily. The CSD variety trial program allows an excellent opportunity to examine the relative establishment between Sicot 71BRF and Sicot 74BRF. This data compares like with like, the varieties are planted into the same field, on the same day, at the same seeding rate and depth. No adjustments are made to the planter between the varieties. Therefore difference in plant stand is a direct indication of how a particular seed type has coped with field conditions. From over 70 comparisons we have witnessed an average reduction of plants established of 11 per cent between Sicot 74BRF and Sicot 71BRF. FIGURe 1: Relative yield of Sicot 74BRF and Sicot 71BRF and the relationship to difference in plant stand In brief… ■■ Aim for and create conditions to get Sicot 74BRF off to a good start. Have the plant growing strongly into first flower. ■■ Concentrate on minimisation of plant stress during the flowering period to extend this for as long as possible, stress minimisation during this period will also improve boll weight. ■■ Allow the plant to grow out for as long as the season allows. There are some benefits in aiming to get the plant stand of Sicot 74BRF equal to what would normally be accepted as a good stand for Sicot 71BRF on your farm. On average, the yield differential between Sicot 74BRF and Sicot 71BRF is 0.21 bales per hectare (in 95 CSD trials). When the plant stands are similar, Sicot 74BRF outyields Sicot 71BRF by 0.5 bales per hectare. Over the past three seasons, the CSD extension and development team has been examining the growth habit and yield components of Sicot 74BRF to gain further insight into how to extract the maximum from this variety. The CSD Extension and Development team has stressed that it is crucial to get Sicot 74BRF off to a good start. If we can generate a healthy actively growing seedling into squaring and first flower than we have set the crop up to achieve its full yield potential. Squaring nodes There is no difference between the two varieties in the production of squaring nodes. This is not a startling revelation as squaring node production is temperature respondent. But it FIGURe 2: No difference between the varieties in production of squaring nodes 48 — The Australian Cottongrower October–November 2012
FIGURe 3: Sicot 74BRF holds higher NAWF figures through the flowering period contradicts the popular opinion being that Sicot 74BRF is slow early season. As will be mentioned later in this article there is a difference early season in the way this variety sets fruit, but in terms of reproductive structures the timing and rate of development Sicot 74BRF is no different to Sicot 71BRF. How can we exploit this By driving the Sicot 74BRF plant early to get vigourous growth, planting into well prepared beds and warm temperatures and paying strict attention to signs of plant stress pre flowering so as to time the first irrigation well. This strategy is going to be the same to extract the most out of any cotton variety but with Sicot 74BRF it is more appropriate as you desire to have the plant hitting first flower with a high NAWF value (8+). To achieve maximum yields out of Sicot 74BRF, we want to extend the flowering period for as long as possible to maximise the number of fruiting sites. Nodes above white flower (NAWF) Between Sicot 74BRF and Sicot 71BRF there is a significant difference between the NAWF, not only in recorded number for any particular time of the season but also in the duration of the flowering period. NAWF is an important measurement as it is a barometer of plant health or stress. The number of and the rate of descent of NAWF indicates the apparent health or lack thereof, of the crop. The longer the period for flowering can be extended, the greater the opportunity to set and retain fruit and therefore the higher the yield potential of the crop. Firstly, Sicot 74RF will begin flowering ever so slightly higher than Sicot 71BRF and then the two varieties diverge with Sicot 74BRF holding onto higher NAWF figures throughout the flowering period. Analysis has shown that the decline in NAWF between Sicot 71BRF and Sicot 74BRF is significantly different. Sicot 74BRF is able to flower for approximately 146 day degree difference (up to one week) for that period of the summer. How can we exploit this By minimising stress on the plant, and creating a happy plant. There is a dramatic increase in the demands of the crop during boll fill. Major inputs which management has an influence on are irrigation and nutrition. Make sure that the plant experiences minimal water and water logging stress through irrigation timing and efficiency and have the nutrients available for the plant to Divine Dinner Plain... Bring the family, enjoy the wonderful snow that is still falling, it’s perfect! Skiing, boarding, cross country skiing or just enjoy the fantastic At Dinner Plain atmosphere the that At Dinner Plain the is Dinner Plain pace is pace easy is easy going... Dinner Plain is the place where the family can be together by the fireside or miles apart Dinner Plain is the place where the family can exploring the cross-country trail network. be together Where by the you Where fireside stroll you stroll the or the snow miles treelined covered apart streets simply for the sights to meet exploring the tree cross-country lined streets trail simply network. for the friends for a restaurant dinner or sights or to meet friends for a Where you stroll drinks the at treelined the bar. The village streets itself restaurant dinner helps or set the drinks community at the simply bar. The for village the atmosphere, sights itself or helps natural to building meet set the friends community for a materials restaurant atmosphere, and earthy dinner tones cosy blur or the line between man made and drinks lights at the sparkle bar. and alpine The entice environment. village you Over itself into 200 their warmth. helps lodges Snow set the and chalets lined, community with natural all the buildings and conveniences earthy of tones a modern blur resort. the line atmosphere, between man natural made building and alpine Dinner Plain is the place environment. materials and for Over earthy your 200 next tones lodges holiday. blur and the chalets line between with all the man conveniences made and of Explore our website at a modern resort. alpine environment. www.dinnerplain.com Over 200 or call our info number 1300 734 365 lodges and chalets with all the or email to info@dinnerplain.com conveniences of a modern resort. What are you waiting for... Dinner Plain is the place for your next holiday. Explore our website at www.dinnerplain.com or call our info number 1300 734 365 or email to info@dinnerplain.com j/24d01072/270808 October–November 2012 The Australian Cottongrower — 49
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