CalCOFI Reports, Vol. 30, 1989 - California Cooperative Oceanic ...

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LAVANIEGOS-ESPEJO ET AL.: EL NINO EFFECTS ON GULF OF CALIFORNIA EUPHAUSIIDS ColCOFl Rep., Vol. 30,1989 1983 1 1984 fly c f ip ban es s imp /ex I 03, Nem ofosce/is diffici /is IIO o 2 L L €up b o u s io eximio 3 I O 2 1 IO !---l3h- Io2u 3 '"1 1 Ih IO 19 20 21 2223 Surface I , 15 16 '17'18 '19'20'21 '22'23'24 Temperature ( Oc 1 €up b o usia fenero Sfy/oche iro n n offine Figure 14. Mean abundances of calyptopis larvae versus surface temperature. Therefore, the springs of 1957 and 1984 can be considered as transition states - to a warm period in 1957 and to a cool period in 1984. This generally corresponds to conditions reported for the California Current, where longer time series are available (Bernall981; Brinton and Reid 1986). Increased tropical characteristics of gulf water in 1983 were associated with surprisingly indistinct differences in abundance and reproduction of the dominant, widespread species (Nyctiphanes simplex) compared with 1984, although there are suggestions of possible differences in abundances of calyptopes and postlarvae (table 2). However, those tropical waters seem to be related to an increased 1983 pres- 82
LAVANIEGOS-ESPEJO ET AL.: EL NINO EFFECTS ON GULF OF CALIFORNIA EUPHAUSIIDS CalCOFl Rep.,Vol. 30,1989 ence of Euphausia eximia, E. distinguenda, and E. teneva, species that belong to eastern tropical Pacific adaptative groups (Brinton 1962, 1979). In the following spring (1984), as climatic conditions changed, the Euphausia species contracted their distribution somewhat southward. Between-year differences in euphausiid abundance and distribution suggested by the data can be explained by the changing surface circulation, which is coupled to the large-scale Pacific Ocean circulation (Wyrtki 1966; Baumgartner and Christensen 1985). When El Niiio occurs, the North Equatorial Countercurrent is strengthened, causing the Costa Rica Current to reach northward into the Gulf of California. This process resembles an extension into spring of the usual summer-autumn gulf circulation pattern (Baumgartner and Christensen 1985). Northward incursions of the tropical species, interpreted as seasonal, were observed in the summer of 1957 Uuly-August; Brinton and Townsend 1980) and in the autumn of 1967 (September-November; Mundhenke 1969), when water was transported northward, associated with maximum recorded temperatures for those years. In the California Current system, E. distinguenda and E. tenera rarely penetrate north of the tropics (Brinton 1960, 1962), and their occasional northward presence there has been related to El Niiio, as in fall 1957 when the strong warming event of 1958- 59 became evident in the eastern North Pacific. For example, at that time E. distinguenda was found off Punta Eugenia (28"N; Brinton 1960,1967a). During winter 1982 many E. distinguenda and E. tenera adults were found off Magdalena Bay lagoons (23"26'- 25"35'N), just to the north of the expected limit of the tropical fauna (Green-Ruiz 1986). E. distinguenda is endemic to the eastern tropical Pacific, and postlarvae perform diel vertical migrations into and out of depths below 150 m, where oxygen concentrations are
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Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Inves
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CALCOFI COORDINATOR Gail Theilacker
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COMMITTEE REPORT CalCOFl Rep., Vol.
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~~ ~ FISHERIES REVIEW: 1988 CalCOFl
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FISHERIES REVIEW: 1988 CalCOFl Rep.
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~~ ~ ~~ ~~ FISHERIES REVIEW: 1988 C
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~~~ FISHERIES REVIEW: 1988 CalCOFl
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~~ LO AND METHOT: 1988 NORTHERN ANC
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LO AND METHOT: 1988 NORTHERN ANCHOV
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Page 38 and 39: SYMPOSIUM INTRODUCTION CalCOFl Rep.
Page 40 and 41: POLOVINA: ARTIFICIAL REEFS: BENTHIC
Page 42 and 43: BUCKLEY: ENHANCING MARINE FISHERIES
Page 48 and 49: MACCALL: AGAINST MARINE FISH HATCHE
Page 50 and 51: MACCALL: AGAINST MARINE FISH HATCHE
Page 52 and 53: RUTLEDGE: TEXAS MARINE HATCHERY PRO
Page 54 and 55: RUTLEDGE: TEXAS MARINE HATCHERY PRO
Page 56 and 57: DAVIS: DESIGNATED HARVEST REFUGIA C
Page 63 and 64: HUNTER ET AL.: SABLEFISH REPRODUCTI
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Page 129 and 130: SANZ AND URIARTE: BAY OF BISCAY ANC
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SANZ AND URIARTE: BAY OF BlSCAY ANC
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SANZ AND URIARTE: BAY OF BISCAY ANC
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~ ~~~~ LEONG: ANCHOVY SPERM CONCENT
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LEONG: ANCHOVY SPERM CONCENTRATIONS
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AUTHOR-TITLE INDEX, 1983-88 CalCOFl
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SUBJECT INDEX, 1983-88 CalCOFl Rep.
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SUBJECT INDEX, 1983-88 CalCOFl Rep.
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130' 125' 120" 115' 1100 1 I I 1 1
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