CalCOFI Reports, Vol. 30, 1989 - California Cooperative Oceanic ...

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SMITH ET AL.: ZOOPLANKTON PATTERN ANALYSIS CalCOFl Rep.,Vol. 30,1989 40 60 I t 120 x 140 180 160 200 220 K DISTANCE (m) L DISTANCE (m) 2056 1613 3047 3596 2592 2562 1255 4544 4895 4158 223 186 372 555 372 mm7m 1 0 D 00 I i 4 20 40 60 80 I .E 100 E 120 tl 1 n 5 6 7 0 TIME (PST) 1 40 60 - EO M DISTANCE (m) N DISTANCE (m) 9320 4901 2037 2697 2224 1708 2032 1926 0 20 0 - - - P uo Lo 1880 934 1887 2523 2366 2331 2229 763 220 240 D A. 1JU , 8 9 10 11 12 TIME (PSTI 12 13 14 15 16 TIME (PST) 0 DISTANCE (m) 0 199 2369 9848 1080 592 1376 261 1487 20 40 60 EO - E 100 I t 120 W 0 140 160 160 200 220 240 16 17 18 19 20 TIME (PST) DISTANCE (m) 117 1709 155 778 703 52 185 1443 0 Iv ^^ P W 1 40 60 1130 220 240 20 21 22 23 24 TIME (PST) Figure 8 continued. 98
SMITH ET AL.: ZOOPLANKTON PATERN ANALYSIS ColCOFl Rep., Vol. 30,1989 - 80 - 0 DISTANCE (m) 483 118 1226 854 409 594 5334 4068 140 - R 0) 20 40 60 - 80 .E 100 I 120 140 160 180 200 220 DISTANCE (m) 1297 558 112 591 334 409 024 7 \ w 9 S 0 1 2 3 4 TIME (PST) DISTANCE (rn) 9978 12514 9958 8 9 lo TIME (PST) Figure 8 continued. deviations above the mean in two of the three ascents and in all three descents. Depth Distribution of Aggregations Nearly twice as many of the 126 aggregations were detected at depth as near the surface (figure 9). The mean depth of aggregation is 134 m. At this stage of analysis it is not known if the cause of this distribution is simple or complex. The main cause of this imbalance is a surplus of aggregations at 180 m and 220 m and a deficiency of aggregations at 80 m and 100 m. The simple explanation would be that this is the actual distribution of these aggregations. Complex explanations include (1) the width of the insonified volume increases at greater depths, increasing the chance of contact with patches; (2) some migrations from depth have destinations near the surface, 240 4 5 6 7 TIME (PST) where the ADCP process does not insonify; (3) the fore-and-aft dimension of the insonified volume at depth detects aggregations that have been insonified many times during each ensemble average in the lower level but that are missed by insonifying the gaps among patches during their residence in the upper level; (4) the general level of reverberation in the upper level is higher, and the use of normalized detection is less effective there than in the lower level, where the aggregations stand out against a lower reverberation background level; and (5) the aggregation behavior of the organisms leads to compact aggregations at depth but more diffuse and less-detectable aggregations at the surface. The small value at 240 m may reflect the approach of the absolute depth for detection of aggregations from the surface with 307-kHz sound. At depths over 150 m there may be undetected aggregations owing to decreased signal-to-noise ratios. Vertical Dimensions of Aggregations More than half of the aggregations are less than 50 m in vertical dimension (figure 10). The mean vertical dimension of the aggregations was 54 m. 20 40 60 80 - E 100 I 120 140 W 160 180 200 220 240 0 4 8 12 16 20 FREQUENCY Figure 9. The depth distribution of aggregations. 99
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Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Inves
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CALCOFI COORDINATOR Gail Theilacker
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COMMITTEE REPORT CalCOFl Rep., Vol.
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~~ ~ FISHERIES REVIEW: 1988 CalCOFl
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FISHERIES REVIEW: 1988 CalCOFl Rep.
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~~ ~ ~~ ~~ FISHERIES REVIEW: 1988 C
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~~~ FISHERIES REVIEW: 1988 CalCOFl
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~~ LO AND METHOT: 1988 NORTHERN ANC
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LO AND METHOT: 1988 NORTHERN ANCHOV
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PUBLICATIONS CalCOFl Rep.,Vol. 30,1
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SYMPOSIUM INTRODUCTION CalCOFl Rep.
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POLOVINA: ARTIFICIAL REEFS: BENTHIC
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BUCKLEY: ENHANCING MARINE FISHERIES
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MACCALL: AGAINST MARINE FISH HATCHE
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Page 52 and 53: RUTLEDGE: TEXAS MARINE HATCHERY PRO
Page 54 and 55: RUTLEDGE: TEXAS MARINE HATCHERY PRO
Page 56 and 57: DAVIS: DESIGNATED HARVEST REFUGIA C
Page 63 and 64: HUNTER ET AL.: SABLEFISH REPRODUCTI
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Page 75 and 76: ~~~ - LAVANIEGOS-ESPEJO ET AL.: EL
Page 77 and 78: LAVANIEGOS-ESPEJO ET AL.: EL NINO E
Page 79 and 80: ~~~~~ ~ -~ ~~ ~ ~~~~ ~ Stylocherrot
Page 89 and 90: ~ . LAVANIEGOS-ESPEJO ET AL.: EL Nl
Page 91 and 92: ~~~ . ~ SMITH ET AL.: ZOOPLANKTON P
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Page 107 and 108: HENDRICKX AND ESTRADA-NAVARRETE: PE
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Page 125 and 126: HANAN ET AL.: SEA LIONS AND COMMERC
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Page 129 and 130: SANZ AND URIARTE: BAY OF BISCAY ANC
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Page 135 and 136: SANZ AND URIARTE: BAY OF BlSCAY ANC
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Page 139 and 140: ~ ~~~~ LEONG: ANCHOVY SPERM CONCENT
Page 141 and 142: LEONG: ANCHOVY SPERM CONCENTRATIONS
Page 143 and 144: AUTHOR-TITLE INDEX, 1983-88 CalCOFl
Page 149 and 150: SUBJECT INDEX, 1983-88 CalCOFl Rep.
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SUBJECT INDEX, 1983-88 CalCOFl Rep.
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130' 125' 120" 115' 1100 1 I I 1 1
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