WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

20.01.2015 Views

ong>WHOong> ong>monographsong> on selected medicinal plants and TA98 strains of Salmonella typhimurium, and the S9-dependent mutagen 2-aminofluorene in the TA97a, TA98 and TA100 strains. The aqueous extract reduced 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine- as well as 2-aminofluorene-induced his + revertants, but had no perceptible effect against sodium azide-induced his + revertants in TA100 and TA1535 strains of S. typhimurium (41). Pregnancy: non-teratogenic effects Due to a lack of safety data, the use of the crude drug during pregnancy is not recommended. Nursing mothers Due to a lack of safety data, the use of the crude drug during breastfeeding is not recommended. Paediatric use Due to a lack of safety data, the use of the crude drug in children under the age of 12 years is not recommended. Dosage forms Crude drug and extracts. Posology (Unless otherwise indicated) Daily dosage: 3–9 g of crude drug for decoction in divided doses (1). Store in an airtight container in a dry place (1). References 1. Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China. Beijing, Chemical Industry Press, 2005. 2. The Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol. I, 1st ed. New Delhi, Government of India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, 1990 (reprinted 2001). 3. Unani pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol. I. New Delhi, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian System of Medicine and Homeopathy, 1999. 4. Bensky D, Gamble A. Chinese herbal medicine. Materia medica, revised ed. Seattle, Washington, Eastland Press, 1993. 5. Bedevian AK. Illustrated polyglottic dictionary of plant names. Cairo, Medbouly Library, 1994. 6. Farnsworth NR, ed. NAPRALERT database. Chicago, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL (an online database available directly through the University 80

Fructus Chebulae of Illinois at Chicago or through the Scientific and Technical Network [STN] of Chemical Abstracts Services), 30 June 2005. 7. Hooper D, Field H. Useful plants and drugs of Iran and Iraq. Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series, 1937, 9:177. 8. The Japanese standards for herbal medicines. Tokyo, Yakuji Nippo, 1993. 9. Medicinal plants in China. Manila, World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific, 1989 (ong>WHOong> Regional Publications, Western Pacific Series, No. 2). 10. Nadkarni AK, ed. Dr. K.M. Nadkarni’s Indian materia medica. Vol. 1. Bombay, Popular Prakshan, 1976. 11. Schlimmer JL. Terminologie medico-pharmaceutic et Francaise – Persane. Tehran, University of Tehran, 1970 [in French]. 12. Perry LM, Metzger J. Medicinal plants of east and southeast Asia: Attributed properties and uses. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 1980. 13. Ding G, et al. Analysis of tannins in Fructus Chebulae and its confusion varieties by HPCE. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2001, 36:292–295. 14. ong>WHOong> guidelines on assessing quality of herbal medicines with reference to contaminants and residues. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2007. 15. European Pharmacopoeia, 5th ed. Strasbourg, Directorate for the Quality of Medicines of the Council of Europe (EDQM), 2005. 16. Guidelines for predicting dietary intake of pesticide residues, 2nd rev. ed. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1997 (ong>WHOong>/FSF/FOS/97.7). 17. Mokkhasmit M et al. Pharmacological evaluation of Thai medicinal plants. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 1971, 54:490–504. 18. Aeom YD et al. Anaphylactic reaction inhibitory effect of Fructus Chebula. Korean Journal of Herbology, 2000, 15:123–128. 19. Shin TY et al. Inhibitory action of water soluble fraction of Terminalia chebula on systemic and local anaphylaxis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2001, 74:133–140. 20. Vonshak A et al. Screening South Indian medicinal plants for antifungal activity against cutaneous pathogens. Phytotherapy Research, 2003, 17:1123–1125. 21. Phadke SA, Kulkarni SD. Screening of in vitro antibacterial activity of Terminalia chebula, Eclapta alba and Ocimum sanctum. Indian Journal of Medical Science, 1989, 43:113–117. 22. Sato Y et al. Extraction and purification of effective antimicrobial constituents of Terminalia chebula Rets. against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1997, 20:401–404. 23. Malekzadeh F et al. Antibacterial activity of black myrobalan ( Terminalia chebula Retz) against Helicobacter pylori. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2001, 18:85–88. 24. Shiraki K et al. [Cytomegalovirus infection and its possible treatment with herbal medicines]. Nippon Rinsho, 1998, 56:156–160 [in Japanese]. 25. Kurokawa M et al. Efficacy of traditional herbal medicines in combination with acyclovir against herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Research, 1995, 27:19–37. 81

<str<strong>on</strong>g>WHO</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>m<strong>on</strong>ographs</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>selected</strong> <strong>medicinal</strong> <strong>plants</strong><br />

and TA98 strains of Salm<strong>on</strong>ella typhimurium, and the S9-dependent mutagen<br />

2-aminofluorene in the TA97a, TA98 and TA100 strains. The aqueous<br />

extract reduced 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine- as well as 2-aminofluorene-induced<br />

his + revertants, but had no perceptible effect against sodium<br />

azide-induced his + revertants in TA100 and TA1535 strains of S. typhimurium<br />

(41).<br />

Pregnancy: n<strong>on</strong>-teratogenic effects<br />

Due to a lack of safety data, the use of the c<strong>ru</strong>de d<strong>ru</strong>g during pregnancy is<br />

not recommended.<br />

Nursing mothers<br />

Due to a lack of safety data, the use of the c<strong>ru</strong>de d<strong>ru</strong>g during breastfeeding<br />

is not recommended.<br />

Paediatric use<br />

Due to a lack of safety data, the use of the c<strong>ru</strong>de d<strong>ru</strong>g in children under<br />

the age of 12 years is not recommended.<br />

Dosage forms<br />

C<strong>ru</strong>de d<strong>ru</strong>g and extracts.<br />

Posology<br />

(Unless otherwise indicated)<br />

Daily dosage: 3–9 g of c<strong>ru</strong>de d<strong>ru</strong>g for decocti<strong>on</strong> in divided doses (1). Store<br />

in an airtight c<strong>on</strong>tainer in a dry place (1).<br />

References<br />

1. Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China. Beijing, Chemical Industry<br />

Press, 2005.<br />

2. The Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol. I, 1st ed. New Delhi,<br />

Government of India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of<br />

Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, 1990 (reprinted 2001).<br />

3. Unani pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol. I. New Delhi, Ministry of Health<br />

and Family Welfare, Department of Indian System of Medicine and Homeopathy,<br />

1999.<br />

4. Bensky D, Gamble A. Chinese herbal medicine. Materia medica, revised ed.<br />

Seattle, Washingt<strong>on</strong>, Eastland Press, 1993.<br />

5. Bedevian AK. Illustrated polyglottic dicti<strong>on</strong>ary of plant names. Cairo, Medbouly<br />

Library, 1994.<br />

6. Farnsworth NR, ed. NAPRALERT database. Chicago, University of Illinois<br />

at Chicago, IL (an <strong>on</strong>line database available directly through the University<br />

80

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