WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

<strong>WHO</strong> <strong>monographs</strong> on selected medicinal plants
Antiulcer activity
Intragastric administration of dried aqueous or methanol extracts of the
seeds to mice, at a dose of 53.0–126.9 mg/kg bw, reduced the secretion of
gastric juice (31). A methanol extract of the dried seeds (5:1) at a concentration
of 100 μg/ml inhibited the growth of Helicobacter pylori in vitro (32).
Choleretic activity
Intraduodenal administration of a dried acetone extract of the dried seed
to rats at a dose of 50.0–500.0 mg/kg bw, had significant choleretic effects
(p < 0.01–0.05) (33).
Central nervous system depressant activity
Intraperitoneal administration of the essential oil from the seed, at a dose
of 1.6 ml/kg bw, induced drowsiness and a staggering gait in mice (25).
Dermatological effects
Application of the essential oil from the seed at a concentration of 1.0%
to rabbit skin enhanced the dermal penetration of piroxicam, indometacin
and diclofenac sodium (34). Application of the essential oil from the seed,
at a dose of 1.0 ml/per square inch enhanced the dermal penetration of
indometacin in rats, rabbits and humans (34, 35). External pre-application
of the essential oil from the seed, at a concentration of 5%, to rabbit skin
increased the bioavailability of piroxicam gel (34).
Toxicity
Intragastric or subcutaneous administration of an aqueous ethanol (1:1)
extract of the seed, at a dose of 10 g/kg bw had no observed toxicity in
mice (36).
Miscellaneous activities
An aqueous ethanol (1:1) extract of the seed, at a concentration of 10.0 mg/
ml had histaminergic activity in guinea-pig ileum in vitro (30). Aqueous
extracts (10% w/v) of the crude drug were used for an ex vivo study of
their effect on gastric secretion. The stomach of pentobarbitone-anaesthetized
rats was perfused at 0.15 ml/min with aqueous extracts of cardamom
or acetylcholine (1.0 μg/ml or 10.0 μg/ml solutions, in 40-minute
time periods, twice in each experiment) followed by saline perfusions.
The acid content in the samples was estimated by titration with 0.1 N sodium
hydroxide with phenolphthalein as indicator. Acute gastric mucosal
injury was induced by leaving aspirin 125.0 mg/kg bw in the stomach for
2 h before perfusion. The aqueous extract significantly increased gastric
secretion from 0.10 to 0.28 (p < 0.005) (37).
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