WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

<strong>WHO</strong> <strong>monographs</strong> on selected medicinal plants
In cultured hippocampal neurons from neonatal mice, hydrogen peroxide-induced
neuronal damage was significantly reduced after treatment
of the cells with 80 g/ml of the crude drug (27). A methanol extract of
the crude drug protected against N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity
in cultured rat hippocampus slices at a concentration of 100 g/
ml (28).
Antihypertensive activity
An alkaloid-containing extract of the crude drug reduced blood pressure
in rats when administered by gavage at a dose of 50.0 mg/kg bw for
20 days, or when administered by intravenous injection to cats at a dose
of 20.0 mg/kg bw for 20 days (29). A 50% methanol extract of the crude
drug inhibited the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme isolated
from pig kidney at a concentration of 200.0 μg/ml in vitro (30).
An infusion of the crude drug inhibited norepinephrine-induced contractions
of isolated rat aorta at a concentration of 0.12 mg/ml (31). Endothelium-dependent
relaxation induced by the extract of the crude drug
was inhibited by N-monomethyl-L-arginine, but not indometacin or atropine,
and was decreased when the endothelium was not present. The authors
concluded that the extract relaxes the precontracted rat aorta through
an endothelium-dependent mechanism involving nitric oxide (31).
Anti-inflammatory activity
A decoction of the crude drug suppressed carrageenan-induced footpad
oedema in rats when administered by subcutaneous injection at a dose of
10.0 ml/kg bw (32). An infusion of the crude drug inhibited the activity of
prostaglandin synthetase in rabbit microsomes at a concentration of
750.0 μg/ml (33).
Antimicrobial activity
An ethanol extract of the crude drug was not active against Bacillus subtilis,
Candida albicans, Escherichia coli or Streptococcus pneumoniae in
vitro at concentrations up to 500.0 mg/disc (34).
Antioxidant activity
Intraperitoneal administration of an ethanol extract of the crude drug at a
dose of 1.0 g/kg bw to rats inhibited an increase in lipid peroxidation in
the ipsilateral cortex induced by the injection of ferric chloride into the
lateral cortex (35). The extract also induced an increase in the activity of
superoxide dismutase in the mitochondrial fraction of the ipsilateral cortex
(35). A methanol extract of the crude drug inhibited kainic acidinduced
lipid peroxidation in rat brain tissues in vitro (21). An aqueous
extract of the crude drug, at a concentration of 50.0 μg/ml, had strong
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