WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

<strong>WHO</strong> <strong>monographs</strong> on selected medicinal plants
corynoxeine (0.006%) and isocorynoxeine (0.001%). Other notable alkaloids
are hirsuteine (0.001%) and hirsutine (0.001%). Besides ursolic acid,
two other triterpenes, the bioactive uncarinic acids A and B as well as the
flavonoid, hyperin, have been reported (4, 5, 17). Structures of major tetracyclic
indole and oxindole alkaloids and the triterpenes uncarinic acids
A and B are presented below.
O
HN
N
H
H
O
H 3 C
O
Corynoxeine
Rhynchophylline
H
R
O
CH 3
R = CH=CH 2
HN
H 3 C
O
H
O
H
O
N
H
R
O
CH 3
Isocorynoxeine R = CH=CH 2
R = CH 2 -CH 3 Isorhynchophylline R = CH 2 -CH 3
H 3 C
CH 3
CH 3 CH 3 H CO 2 H
H
H
O
HO
H
R
H 3 C CH 3
Uncarinic acid A
R=E-HMC
Uncarinic acid B
R = Z-HMC
C
O
E-HMC
Z-HMC
C
O
OCH 3
OH
OCH 3
OH
Medicinal uses
Uses supported by clinical data
None.
Uses described in pharmacopoeias and well established documents
Used orally to treat eclampsia, headache, dizziness, high fevers and hypertension
(1, 6). Considering the serious nature of these diseases, the usefulness
of the crude drug needs to be confirmed by controlled clinical studies.
Uses described in traditional medicine
Used as a carminative, diuretic, and a muscle relaxant. Also used to treat
cardiovascular disease, colic, convulsions, stroke and vertigo (5, 6).
Pharmacology
Experimental pharmacology
Much of the pharmacological work has been performed with pure compounds
isolated from the crude drug. These studies used high concentra-
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