WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

<strong>WHO</strong> <strong>monographs</strong> on selected medicinal plants
are sometimes present within vascular parenchyma cells. Diarch or triarch
primary xylem is in the centre of root starch grains, simple or 2–5-
compound, range from 5–6 μm in diameter (1, 8).
Powdered plant material
Pale yellowish brown powder with a slightly aromatic odour. Shows cork
cells; yellowish secretory canals and yellowish brown secretory substances
in and outside the canal; fragments of parenchyma cells contain
starch grains, simple or 2–5-compound, range from 5–6 μm in diameter;
tracheids with spiral or reticulate thickening rings; irregular shaped bast
fibres, lumen smooth, 200–1200 μm in length; rosettes of calcium oxalate
30–33 μm in diameter (1, 8).
General identity tests
Macroscopic (1, 2) and microscopic examinations (1, 8); DNA analysis
(9); and thin-layer chromatography (1, 2, 10) and high-performance liquid
chromatography (1, 2, 11, 12) for the presence of 24(R)-pseudoginsenoside
F11 and the absence of ginsenoside Rf.
Purity tests
Microbiological
Tests for specific microorganisms and microbial contamination limits are
as described in the <strong>WHO</strong> guidelines for assessing quality of herbal medicines
with reference to contaminants and residues (13).
Foreign organic matter
Not more than 2.0% (1).
Total ash
Not more than 8.0% (1).
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 1% (2).
Water-soluble extractive
To be established in accordance with national requirements.
Alcohol-soluble extractive
Not less than 30% (2).
Loss on drying
Not more than 10.0% (1).
228