WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

<strong>WHO</strong> <strong>monographs</strong> on selected medicinal plants
gated in KK-Ay mice. The extract in combination with exercise reduced
the blood glucose concentration of KK-Ay mice 5 weeks after oral administration
daily for 5 weeks (p < 0.001), and also significantly lowered
the plasma insulin of KK-Ay mice under similar conditions (p < 0.01).
The blood glucose concentration following treatment with the extract
plus exercise was lower than that following treatment with the extract
only or exercise only, 5 weeks after the administration. Administration of
the extract combined with exercise decreased blood glucose in a glucose
tolerance test (38).
Effect on insulin resistance
In a study in rats, the effect of the crude drug on insulin resistance, a
major contributor to the development of hyperglycaemia, was assessed
in vivo. The effects of different doses (100.0, 200.0 and 400.0 mg per day)
of alcohol extracts or aqueous extracts of the fruits (1 kg of fruit to 500 ml
ethanol) on the metabolic parameters (body weight and serum glucose
insulin and triglyceride levels) of rats fed fructose were studied. Feeding
fructose for 15 days increased serum glucose and insulin levels markedly
and triglyceride levels marginally when compared with the controls
(75.46 versus 55.59 mg/dl, 6.26 versus 15.04 mg/dl and 50.93 versus
41.1 mg/dl, respectively). Treatment with 400.0 mg/day of aqueous
extract (1 kg in 500 ml water) for 15 days substantially reduced hyperglycaemia
and hyperinsulinaemia induced by a diet high in fructose (39).
The antidiabetic activity of an aqueous extract of the fruit was investigated
in KK-Ay mice, an animal model having type 2 diabetes with
hyperinsulinaemia. Intragastric administration of an aqueous extract of
the fruit reduced the blood glucose of KK-Ay mice after 3 weeks of intragastric
administration (p < 0.01) and also significantly lowered the serum
insulin (p < 0.01). However, the extract did not affect the blood glucose
in normal mice. Blood glucose in treated KK-Ay mice was
significantly decreased in an insulin tolerance test (p < 0.01) (37).
The activity of the fruit juice was assessed in vitro on streptozotocintreated
RIN cells and isolated islet cells, and in vivo in mice. It was found
that feeding juice caused a reduction in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia
in mice. The juice reduced the streptozotocin-induced lipid peroxidation
in pancreas of mice, RIN cells and islets. It also reduced the
streptozotocin-induced apoptosis in RIN cells indicating the mode of
protection of the juice on RIN cells, islet cells and pancreatic beta-cells
(40). The activity of the fruit juice on the distribution and number of alpha,
beta and delta cells in the pancreas of rats with streptozotocin-induced
diabetes was determined using immunohistochemical methods. The
results suggested that there was a significant (p < 0.004) increase in the
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