WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

<strong>WHO</strong> <strong>monographs</strong> on selected medicinal plants
Total ash
Not more than 8.5% (1).
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 0.6% (1).
Water-soluble extractive
Not less than 28% (1).
Alcohol-soluble extractive
Not less than 6% (1).
Loss on drying
To be established in accordance with national requirements.
Pesticide residues
The recommended maximum limit of aldrin and dieldrin is not more than
0.05 mg/kg (12). For other pesticides, see the European pharmacopoeia (12)
and the <strong>WHO</strong> guidelines on assessing quality of herbal medicines with
reference to contaminants and residues (11) and pesticide residues (13).
Heavy metals
For maximum limits and analysis of heavy metals, consult the <strong>WHO</strong>
guidelines on assessing quality of herbal medicines with reference to contaminants
and residues (11).
Radioactive residues
Where applicable, consult the <strong>WHO</strong> guidelines on assessing quality of
herbal medicines with reference to contaminants and residues (11).
Chemical assays
To be established in accordance with national requirements.
Major chemical constituents
A variety of primary and secondary constituents have been reported in the
fruits of M. charantia. Characteristic constituents include sterols, triterpenes
and bioactive proteins (- and - momorcharins; sterols (e.g. daucosterol);
triterpenes, goyaglycosides a–h, goyasaponins I–III, cucurbitacins
and their glycosides such as momordicosides E1, F1, F2, F–K. Gallic
acid, gentisic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid and epicatechin are the most
frequently found low-molecular-weight phenolics (5, 14–20, 22, 23).
Structures of representative major constituents are presented below.
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