WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

<strong>WHO</strong> <strong>monographs</strong> on selected medicinal plants
Loss on drying
Not more than 10.0% (1).
Pesticide residues
The recommended maximum limit of aldrin and dieldrin is not more than
0.05 mg/kg (13). For other pesticides, see the European pharmacopoeia (13)
and the <strong>WHO</strong> guidelines on assessing quality of herbal medicines with reference
to contaminants and residues (14) and pesticide residues (15).
Heavy metals
For maximum limits and analysis of heavy metals, consult the <strong>WHO</strong>
guidelines on assessing quality of herbal medicines with reference to contaminants
and residues (14).
Radioactive residues
Where applicable, consult the <strong>WHO</strong> guidelines on assessing quality of
herbal medicines with reference to contaminants and residues (14).
Chemical assays
Contains not less than 0.05% agnuside and 0.08% casticin calculated on
the basis of dried drug by high-performance liquid chromatography (1).
Major chemical constituents
Up to 2.0% essential oil with bornyl acetate, 1,8-cineol, limonene, -pinene
and -pinene being primary constituents. Flavonoids, iridoids and diterpenes
represent major groups of secondary constituents found in the fruit
(4, 5). Casticin, in concentrations up to 0.2% (12) is considered the major
flavonoid, with chrysosplenetin, chrysosplenol D, cynaroside, 5-hydroxy-
3,4´,6,7-tetramethoxyflavone, 6-hydroxykaempferol, isorhamnetin, luteolin
and luteolin 6-C-glycoside (isoorientin) derivatives being other compounds
of this class. Diterpene constituents include vitexilactone
(0.001–0.004%), 6,7-diacetoxy-13-hydroxylabda-8,14-diene, rotundifuran,
and vitexlactam A (3, 5, 16–18). The structures of representative
flavonoids, iridoids and diterpenes are presented below.
Medicinal uses
Uses supported by clinical data
Orally for the symptomatic treatment of gynaecological disorders including
corpus luteum insufficiency and hyperprolactinaemia (19), premenstrual
syndrome (20–25), menstrual irregularities (26, 27), cyclic mastalgia
(28, 29) and also to treat hormonally-induced acne (30, 31).
12