WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

<strong>WHO</strong> <strong>monographs</strong> on selected medicinal plants
cin-induced gastric ulceration was reduced in animals treated with 400 mg/
kg bw of the methanol extract (26). Intragastric administration of an ethanol
extract of the crude drug at a dose of 5.0 or 15.0 g/kg bw inhibited
hydrochloric acid-induced gastric ulceration in mice (27).
Anti-inflammatory activity
Magnolol, isolated and purified from the crude drug, inhibited mouse
hind-paw oedema induced by carrageenan, compound 48/80 and polymyxin
B and reversed passive Arthus reaction when administered orally
at a dose of 30 mg/kg bw (28).
Antioxidant activity
The accumulation of oxygen-free radicals and activation of neutrophils
are implicated in the pathophysiological mechanisms that mediate myocardial
ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Thus, antioxidants are purported to
have cardioprotective activity. The antioxidant effect of magnolol was
evaluated in an open-chest anaesthetized rat model of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion
injury (29). Intravenous pretreatment with magnolol, at
a dose of 0.2 and 0.5 μg/kg bw at 10 minutes prior to 45 minutes of left
coronary artery occlusion, reduced the incidence and duration of ventricular
fibrillation and reduced mortality when compared with the control
group. After 1 hour of reperfusion, pretreatment with magnolol reduced
infarct size. In addition, magnolol, at a dose of 0.2 μg/kg bw,
reduced superoxide anion production and myeloperoxidase activity, an
index of neutrophil infiltration in the ischaemic myocardium (29).
Restenosis, a common complication after balloon angioplasty, involves a
number of cytokines, chemotactic factors and growth factors. Antioxidants
have been shown to inhibit intimal thickening after balloon injury in hyperlipidaemic
animals. The effects of magnolol on the expression of monocyte
chemotactic protein-1 and on intimal response in balloon-injured aorta of
cholesterol-fed rabbits were investigated. The animals were fed a 2% highcholesterol
diet together with daily intramuscular injection of either 1 μg/kg
bw of magnolol or vehicle solvent for a total of 6 weeks, while 10 rabbits fed
a regular diet served as a control group. A balloon denudation of abdominal
aorta was performed in each group at the end of the third week, and aortas
were harvested at the end of 6 weeks. Treatment with magnolol significantly
inhibited copper-induced low-density lipoprotein oxidation in cholesterolfed
rabbits and reduced atheroma formation (p < 0.05) in thoracic aortas
without lowering serum cholesterol. The intimal response was significantly
attenuated in magnolol-treated rabbits receiving high cholesterol when compared
to those of the control high-cholesterol group (p < 0.05) (30).
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