WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

Fructus Macrocarponii
1000 ml of cranberry juice or water over an 8-hour period. Laboratory
models of the catheterized bladder were supplied with urine from these
groups and then inoculated with P. mirabilis. After incubation for 24 or
48 hours, the extent of catheter encrustation was determined by chemical
analysis for calcium and magnesium. The amount of calcium and magnesium
recovered from catheters incubated in urine pooled from individuals
who had drunk 500 ml of cranberry juice did not differ significantly from
that on catheters incubated in pooled urine from control subjects who
had drunk 500 ml of water. However, there was significantly less encrustation
(p = 0.007) on catheters from models incubated in urine from volunteers
who had been given 1000 m1 of water than on catheters incubated
in models supplied with urine from volunteers who had been given
1000 ml of cranberry juice. The amounts of encrustation on these two
groups of catheters were also significantly less than that on catheters incubated
in models supplied with urine from volunteers who had not supplemented
their normal fluid intake (p < 0.001) (41).
Urolithiasis
The potential influence of cranberry juice on urinary biochemical and
physicochemical risk factors associated with the formation of calcium oxalate
kidney stones was assessed in a randomized cross-over trial. Urinary
variables were assessed in 20 South African men with no previous history
of kidney stones. The first group of 10 subjects drank 500 ml of cranberry
juice diluted with 1500 ml tap water every day for 2 weeks, while the second
group drank 2000 ml of tap water daily for the same period. This was
followed by a 2-week washout period before the two groups were crossed
over. During the experimental phase, subjects kept a 3-day food diary to
assess their dietary and fluid intakes; 24-hour urine samples were collected
at baseline and on day 14 of the trial periods, and analysed using
modern laboratory techniques. Urine analysis data were used to calculate
the relative urinary supersaturations of calcium oxalate, uric acid and calcium
phosphate. The results demonstrated that the ingestion of cranberry
juice decreased oxalate and phosphate excretion and increased citrate excretion.
There was also a decrease in the relative supersaturation of calcium
oxalate, which tended to be significantly lower than that induced by
water alone (42).
In another study, five healthy volunteers on a normal diet provided
24-hour urine samples for analysis of pH, volume, creatinine, oxalate, calcium,
phosphate, uric acid, sodium, citrate, magnesium and potassium.
Tablets containing the crude drug were administered to these volunteers
at the manufacturer’s recommended dosage (not stated) for 7 days. On
the seventh day, a second 24-hour urine sample was obtained from each
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