WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

Fructus Macrocarponii
juice + placebo tablets. Tablets were taken twice daily; juice was administered
at a dose of 250 ml three times daily. Outcome measures were:
— a > 50% decrease in number of symptomatic UTIs per year
(symptoms 100 000 single organisms/ml); and
— a > 50% decrease in annual consumption of antibiotics.
Cost-effectiveness was calculated as cost in US dollars per urinary tract
infection prevented. Both cranberry juice and cranberry tablets led to a
statistically significant decrease in the number of patients experiencing at
least one symptomatic UTI per year (to 20% and 18%, respectively) compared
with placebo (to 32%) (p < 0.05) (19).
An open, randomized controlled 12-month follow-up trial was performed
to determine whether recurrences of urinary tract infection could
be prevented with cranberry–lingonberry juice or with a lactobacillus
drink. One hundred and fifty women, with UTIs caused by E. coli, were
allocated to one of three groups. The first group received 50.0 ml of cranberry–lingonberry
juice concentrate mixed in 200.0 ml water (7.5 g cranberry
concentrate and 1.7 g lingonberry concentrate in 50.0 ml water, no
sugar added) daily for 6 months; the second, 100 ml of lactobacillus drink
5 days per week for one year; and the third group received no intervention.
Outcomes measured included the first recurrence of symptomatic
UTI, defined as bacterial growth of 10 5 colony-forming units/ml in a
clean voided midstream urine specimen. The cumulative rate of the first
recurrence of UTI during the 12-month follow-up period differed significantly
between the groups (p = 0.048). After 6 months, eight (16%)
women in the group treated with cranberry, 19 (39%) in the lactobacillustreated
group, and 18 (36%) in the control group had had at least one recurrence.
A 20% reduction in absolute risk in the group given cranberry
was observed as compared with the control group (14).
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel trial involving
153 elderly female volunteers (mean age 78.5 years) assessed the
effect of a cranberry juice preparation (27% pure juice, saccharin-sweetened)
on asymptomatic bacteriuria (defined as > 10 5 colony forming
units/ml) and pyuria (38). The subjects were randomly assigned to receive
300 ml/day of cranberry juice or a cranberry-flavoured placebo
containing vitamin C for 6 months. Urine samples were collected at
monthly intervals. The subjects receiving the cranberry juice had a lower
frequency of bacteriuria with pyuria than the subjects in the control
group (odds ratio 42% of the control group, p = 0.004), of nearly 50%
after 4–8 weeks of cranberry use. There was no evidence of urinary acidification,
and the median pH of urine in the cranberry-treated group
was 6.0.
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