WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants - travolekar.ru

Lichen Islandicus
fumarprotocetraric acid, protolichestearic acid and cetraric acids (5, 13).
A biologically active aliphatic -lactone, (+)-protolichesterinic acid has
also been reported (14). The structures of fumarprotocetraric acid, cetraric
acid and (+)-protolichesterinic acid are presented below.
CHO H 3 C
CHO H 3 C
HO
CO 2 H
HO
O
O
OH
O
O
H 3 C
H 3 C
O
O
O
Cetraric acid CH 3 Fumarprotocetraric acid
CO 2 H
OH
O
O
CO 2 H
H 3 C
(+)-Protolichesterinic acid
O
H
O
H
CO 2 H
CH 2
Medicinal uses
Uses supported by clinical data
Used orally as a demulcent to treat inflammation and dryness of the pharyngeal
mucosa (15, 16).
Uses described in pharmacopoeias and well established documents
Used orally for treatment of loss of appetite and nausea (3, 17).
Uses described in traditional medicine
Used to treat asthma, cramps, bronchitis, cough, diabetes, exhaustion,
gastric disturbances, immune depletion, migraine, nausea in pregnancy
and wounds. Also used as an emergency food source, an emollient and a
galactagogue (4, 18–20).
Pharmacology
Experimental pharmacology
Antimicrobial and antiviral activities
An aqueous extract of the thalli and protolichesterinic acid were screened
for in vitro activity against Mycobacterium aurum, a nonpathogenic organism
with a similar sensitivity profile to M. tuberculosis. Protolichesterinic
acid had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125.0 μg/ml
(21). An aqueous extract of the thalli was screened for in vitro activity
against Helicobacter pylori. (+)-Protolichesterinic acid was identified as
143