Symmetries in particle physics

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Discrete symmetries: Parity Parity violation Until the 1950's people believed that parity (symmetry under “mirroring”) was conserved, and there have been many tests in electromagnetic and strong interactions but none in weak interactions. This led Lee and Yang to propose an experiment, which was later that year carries out by C.S.Wu. In this experiment radioactive 60 Co was carefully aligned such that its spin would point into the direction of the positive z-axis.
Discrete symmetries: Parity Parity violation Then the Cobalt undergoes a β-decay, emitting an electron and an anti-neutrino. Wu found that most of the electrons would be emitted into the positive z-direction. If the process is “mirrored”, the spin of the nucleus points along the negative z-axis, but the electrons would still be emitted into the positive z-direction. This different behaviour is called axial-vector and vector for spin and momentum (and respective similar quantities).
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Page 7 and 8: Symmetries From spin to isospin Who
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Symmetries in particle physics

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