full issue - Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy
full issue - Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy
full issue - Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Current Trends in <strong>Biotechnology</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Pharmacy</strong><br />
Vol. 5 (3) 1362-1371 July 2011, ISSN 0973-8916 (Print), 2230-7303 (Online)<br />
1370<br />
Table 5. Effects <strong>of</strong> chlor<strong>of</strong>orm <strong>and</strong> ethanol extracts <strong>of</strong> root <strong>of</strong> X. strumarium on high density<br />
lipid levels in triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats<br />
6 hr 24 hr 48 hr<br />
<strong>and</strong> LDL lowering effect at 6, 24, <strong>and</strong> 48 h. This<br />
indicates that X. strumarium not only reduces<br />
the synthesis <strong>of</strong> cholesterol, but may also reduce<br />
its metabolism. The extracts were found to be<br />
enriched in flavonoids <strong>and</strong> phenolic compounds,<br />
it is reported that flavonoids are found to inhibit<br />
HMG-CoA reductase activity (18). It may be<br />
concluded that the cholesterol-lowering effect <strong>of</strong><br />
X. Strumarium <strong>and</strong> root extracts may be due to<br />
inhibition <strong>of</strong> HMG-CoA reductase activity.<br />
Simvastatin being a specific HMG-CoA inhibitor<br />
produces its hypocholesterolemic activity by<br />
reducing cholesterol synthesis.<br />
Increase in triglyceride level was evident<br />
in control animals due to inhibition <strong>of</strong> lipoprotein<br />
lipase (LPL) by Triton. Treatment with ethanol<br />
<strong>and</strong> chlor<strong>of</strong>orm extracts <strong>of</strong> X. strumarium<br />
resulted in reduction <strong>of</strong> triglyceride levels. It is<br />
likely that treatment with X. strumarium might<br />
have lowered the serum triglyceride level by<br />
activating LPL. LPL is a prime enzyme related<br />
to triglyceride metabolism. Further VLDL levels<br />
were reduced significantly at 24 <strong>and</strong> 48 h. Both<br />
the extracts also showed protective action by<br />
increasing serum HDL level. The increased HDL<br />
facilitates the transport <strong>of</strong> triglyceride or<br />
cholesterol from serum to liver where it is<br />
catabolised <strong>and</strong> excreted out <strong>of</strong> the body.<br />
Significantly greater increase in HDL levels was<br />
produced by chlor<strong>of</strong>orm extract than ethanol<br />
extract.<br />
Conclusion<br />
The chlor<strong>of</strong>orm <strong>and</strong> ethanol extracts <strong>of</strong> X.<br />
strumarium Linn. have shown significant<br />
antioxidant activity. From the preliminary<br />
studies, it was found out that the chlor<strong>of</strong>orm <strong>and</strong><br />
ethanol extracts <strong>of</strong> X. strumarium have shown<br />
promising anti-hyperlipidemic activity. The<br />
antihyperlipedimic may be due their significant<br />
antioxidant activity.<br />
References<br />
1. Nasik, S.R. (2003). Antioxidant <strong>and</strong> their<br />
role in biological functions: An overview.<br />
Indian Drugs. 40:501-515.<br />
2. Shetgiri, P.P. <strong>and</strong> D’Mello, P.M. (2003).<br />
Antioxidant activity <strong>of</strong> flavanoids-A<br />
comparative a study. Indian Drugs.<br />
40:567-569.<br />
3. Gopinathan, N., Srinivasan, K.K. <strong>and</strong><br />
Mathew, J.E. (2004). Free radical<br />
scavenging properties <strong>of</strong> ethanol extract <strong>of</strong><br />
Saccharum spotaneum. Indian Drugs.<br />
41:633-635.<br />
4. Gurpreet Kaur, Saqrwar, A.M., Zoobi, J.,<br />
Kaleem, J <strong>and</strong> Mohemmad, A. (2006).<br />
In-vitro antioxidant <strong>and</strong> antilipidemic activities <strong>of</strong> Xanthium strumarium L.