Current Trends in <strong>Biotechnology</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Pharmacy</strong> Vol. 5 (3) 1338 -1345 July 2011, ISSN 0973-8916 (Print), 2230-7303 (Online) 1343 Glucose Fig.7. Glucose content <strong>of</strong> the control, 4 days <strong>and</strong> 6 days fasting rats. Results were shown as mean ± SD. P
Current Trends in <strong>Biotechnology</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Pharmacy</strong> Vol. 5 (3) 1338 -1345 July 2011, ISSN 0973-8916 (Print), 2230-7303 (Online) 1344 pyruvate concentrations. Because the equilibrium constant <strong>of</strong> the lactate dehydrogenase reaction markedly favors lactate over pyruvate, small increases in pyruvate concentration will result in large increases in lactate concentration. Conclusion In the light <strong>of</strong> the results obtained, it appears that energy depletion in relation to body fuel uses <strong>and</strong> gluconeogenic precursor availability increases the ability <strong>of</strong> the intestine to absorb glucose from its lumen <strong>and</strong> stimulates intestinal gluconeogenesis. In phase III fasting, there is an increased catabolism <strong>of</strong> proteins <strong>and</strong> in the absence <strong>of</strong> GLUT2, Glucose 6 Phosphsatase could also play a role in glucose transport through the cell <strong>and</strong> thereby, in its secretion into the bloodstream. From the above mentioned data, it is clear that small intestine serves as a gluconeogenic organ by providing substrates needed for hepatic gluconeogenesis. Acknowledgement The authors grate<strong>full</strong>y thank MAHER University, Chennai for giving financial support for completing this work. References 1. David, L.N. <strong>and</strong> Michael, M.C. (2000). Lehninger Principles <strong>of</strong> Biochemistry. 4 th ed. Worth Publishers. USA, p. 724. 2. Hundal, R., Krssak, M., Dufour, S., Laurent, D., Lebon, V., Ch<strong>and</strong>ramouli, V., Inzucchi, S., Schumann, W., Petersen, K., L<strong>and</strong>au, B. <strong>and</strong> Shulman, G. (2000). Mechanism by which metformin reduces glucose production in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, 49: 2063-2069. 3. An<strong>and</strong> Patil., Varun Raheja. <strong>and</strong> Anagha Damre. (2010). Simultaneous analysis <strong>of</strong> intestinal permeability markers, caffeine, paracetamol <strong>and</strong> sulfasalazine by reverse phase liquid chromatography: a tool for the st<strong>and</strong>ardization <strong>of</strong> rat everted gut sac model. Asian J. Pharm.Clin. Res., 3: 204- 207. 4. Mithieux, G., Gautier-Stein, A., Rojas, F. <strong>and</strong> Zitoun, C. (2006). Contribution <strong>of</strong> intestine <strong>and</strong> kidney to glucose fluxes in different nutritional states in rat. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol., 143: 195-200. 5. Kimura, R.E., La pine, T.R., Johnston, J. <strong>and</strong> Ilich, J.Z. (1988). Effect <strong>of</strong> fasting on rat portal venous <strong>and</strong> aortic blood glucose, lactate, alanine <strong>and</strong> glutamate. Pediatr. Res., 23: 241-244. 6. Habold, C., Foltzer-Jourdainne, C., Le Maho, Y., Ligurt, J. <strong>and</strong> Oudart, H. (2005). Intestinal gluconeogenesis <strong>and</strong> glucose transport according to body fuel availability in rats. J. Physiol., 566: 574-586. 7. Martine, C., Fabienne, R., Carine, Z., Jean- Marc, H., S<strong>and</strong>rine, M., <strong>and</strong> Gilles, M. (2001). Rat Small Intestine Is an Insulin- Sensitive Gluconeogenic Organ. Diabetes, 50: 740-746 8. Rajas, F., Bruni, N., Montano, S., Zitoun, C. <strong>and</strong> Mithieux, G. (1999). The glucose-6 phosphatase gene is expressed in human <strong>and</strong>rat small intestine: regulation <strong>of</strong> expression in fasted <strong>and</strong> diabetic rats. Gastroenterology, 117: 132–139. 9. Rajas, F., Croset, M., Zitoun, C., Montano, S. <strong>and</strong> Mithieux G. (2000). Induction <strong>of</strong> PEPCK gene expression in insulinopenia in ratsmall intestine. Diabetes, 49: 1165– 1168. 10. Kirtana Pai, M., Sareesh, N.N., Prakasa Rao, J., Gupta, P.D., Vivekan<strong>and</strong>a Kedage, In vitro Evaluation <strong>of</strong> Gluconeogenesis
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