April Journal-2009.p65 - Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy

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Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy Vol. 3 (2) 188-196, April 2009. ISSN 0973-8916 pranolol hydrochloride through porcine epidermis by terpenes/ethanol. J. Control. Rel, 62: 359-366. 23. Bonina, F.P., Carellii, V., Cols, G.D., Montenegro, L. and Nannipieri, E. (1993). Vehicle effects on in vitro skin permeation of and stratum corneum affinity for model drugs caffeine and testosterone. Int. J. Pharm, 100: 41-47. 24. Fan, L.T. and Singh, S.K. (1989). Controlled release: A quantitative treatment. Springer- Verlag, New York. 13-56, 85-129. 25. Vamshi Vishnu, Y., Ramesh, G., Chandrasekhar, K., Bhanoji rao, M.E. and Madhusudan Rao, Y. (2007). Development and in vitro evaluation of buccoadhesive carvedilol tablets Acta Pharm, 57:185–197. 26 Rama Rao, P. and Diwan, P.V. (1998). Formulation and in vitro evaluation of 196 polymeric films of diltiazem hydrochloride and indomethacin for transdermal administration. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm, 24: 327-336. 27. Rigg, P.C. and Barry, B.W. (1990). Shed snake skin and hairless mouse skin as model membranes for human skin during permeation studies. J. Invest. Dermatol, 94: 234-240. 28. Valenta, C. and Wedding, C. (1997). Effects of penetration enhancers on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of progesterone. J. Pharm. Phamacol, 49: 955-959. 29. Goodman, M. and Barry, B.W. (1988). Action of penetration enhancers on human skin as assessed by the permeation of model drugs 5-fluorouracil and estradiol.1. Infinite dose technique. J. Invest. Dermatol, 91: 323- 327. World Society of Cellular & Molecular Biology, France is organizing 5 th World Congress of Cellular & Molecular Biology to be held on November 02 to 06, 2009 at Devi Ahilya University, Indore, India. For further details contact Anil Kumar, Ph.D. Professor & Head (Chair), School of Biotechnology Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road Campus INDORE-452001, Madhya Pradesh INDIA Tel.: +91-731-2470373, 2470372 Fax : +91-731-2470372 E. mail : ak_sbt@yahoo.com URL: http://www.davvbiotech.res.in Formulation and evaluation of antidiabetic drug
Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy Vol. 3 (2) 197-203, April 2009. ISSN 0973-8916 Antibacterial activity of bacterial isolates of soil bacteria collected from Palestine Thaer Abdelghani* , Bapi Raju Kurad¹ and Ellaiah Poluri ² Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences Arab American University, P.O. Box 240, Jenin , Palestine ¹ College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA ² College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam -530003 A.P., India * For correspondence - t.abdelghani@aauj.edu Abstract A total of 51 Actinomycetes were isolated from different soil samples of Palestine. Preliminary screening by cross-streak method was carried out for all the 51 isolates. After preliminary screening, 17 isolates which showed antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal) activity were selected for further study. Among these 17 isolates tested, 5 isolates which were found to be promising were subjected to detailed taxonomic studies. A novel strain of S. albovinaceus (isolate 10/2) which was found to be maximum antibiotic producer and which has shown both broad spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activities was isolated and is been selected for further detailed optimization studies. Key words Actinomycetes / S. albovinaceus / Antibacterial / Isolation / Soil samples Introduction Ever since mankind started suffering from ailments, the quest for finding remedies to treat the diseases started. The science of antibiotics has remained and will remain for many years, one of the most interesting natural sciences, in both theoretical and practical aspects. Microbial natural products still appear as the most promising source of the future antibiotics that society is expecting (1). Antibiotics are produced by bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, algae, lichens and green plants. Since the isolation of actinomycin in 1940 and streptomycin in 1944 by Waksman (2,3), the Actinomycetes have received tremendous attention of the scientists. The genus Streptomyces was proposed by Waksman & Henrici (4) for aerobic, spore-forming Actinomycetes . Members of Streptomyces are a rich source of bioactive compounds, notably antibiotics, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors and pharmacologically active agents (5-10). About 75 % of the known commercially and medically useful antibiotics are produced by Streptomyces (11,12). Waksman (13) recognized the natural substrates that are ideal sources for the isolation of Actinomycetes. Among these, they are quite commonly found in soil, water and other environments (14). In 1900 Beijerinck (15) established that Actinonomycetes occur in great abundance in the soil. The first quantitative enumeration of Actinomycetes in the soil was made by Hiltner and Stormer (16).There is now good evidence also for the growth of Actinomycetes in marine soils (14, 17, 18). Goodfellow and Haynes (19) reviewed the literature on the isolation of Actinomycetes from marine sediments. The screening programs for new Actinomycetes and for their antibiotics are Antibacterial activityof soil bacteria
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