Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Söderholm<br />
ceived a restoration that later fails. Today, most research indicates<br />
that the 4th generation adhesives still serve as the<br />
gold standard, but because of the interest dentists show in<br />
the 7th generation adhesives, it seems clear that dentists<br />
want simple-to-use adhesives. Because of that wish, they are<br />
willing to explore adhesives that are easier to use, despite<br />
the risk that they may have more failures with such products.<br />
Thanks to what has been learned during that cycle of the<br />
evolution process, these easier-to-use products have<br />
evolved during the past few years, and today it seems that<br />
the clinical success rate of 7th generation adhesives is approaching<br />
that of the 4th generation adhesives. 2,3,16,18,21,23,<br />
26,30,32,36,41,44<br />
By looking back at adhesives, we must admit that<br />
progress has been made since Hagger’s idea that resins<br />
could be bonded to tooth surfaces. Nevertheless, we should<br />
also remember that in 1949, when Hagger came up with his<br />
revolutionary idea to use glycerolphosphoric acid dimethacrylate<br />
in Sevriton Cavity Seal, he had in fact invented a selfetching<br />
adhesive. Based on the definitions, we can classify<br />
Sevriton Cavity Seal as a 7th generation adhesive. Perhaps<br />
improvements of dental materials don’t occur as fast as<br />
many of us believe.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
1. Alhadainy HA, Abdalla AI. 2-year clinical evaluation of dentin bonding systems.<br />
Am J Dent 1996;9:77-79.<br />
2. Aw TC, Lepe X, Johnson GH, Mancl L. One-year clinical evaluation of an<br />
ethanol-based and a solvent-free dentin adhesive. Am J Dent 2004;17:451-<br />
456.<br />
3. Aw TC, Lepe X, Johnson GH, Mancl LA. A three-year clinical evaluation of twobottle<br />
versus one-bottle dentin adhesives. J Am Dent Assoc 2005;136:311-<br />
322.<br />
4. Barkmeier WW. International Symposium on adhesives in dentistry. Oper<br />
Dent 1992;Suppl 5.<br />
5. Bowen RL, Blosser RL, Johnston AD. Effects of ferric oxalate purity on adhesive<br />
bonding to dentin [abstract 915]. J Dent Res 1985;64:276.<br />
6. Bowen RL, Cobb EN. A method for bonding to dentin and enamel. J Am Dent<br />
Assoc 1983;107:734-736.<br />
7. Bowen RL. Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues. I.<br />
method of determining bond strength. J Dent Res 1965;44:690-695.<br />
8. Bowen RL. Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues. II.<br />
Bonding to dentin promoted by a surface-active comonomer. J Dent Res<br />
1965;44:895-902.<br />
9. Bowen RL. Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues.III.<br />
Bonding to dentin improved by pre-treatment and the use of surface-active<br />
comonomer. J Dent Res 1965;44:903-905.<br />
10. Bowen RL. Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues. IV.<br />
Bonding to dentin, enamel, and fluorapatite improved by the use of a surfaceactive<br />
comonomer. J Dent Res 1965;44:906-911.<br />
11. Bowen RL. Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues. VI.<br />
Forces developing in direct-filling materials during hardening. J Am Dent Assoc<br />
1967;74:439-445.<br />
12. Brännström M, Nyborg H. The presence of bacteria in cavities filled with silicate<br />
cement and composite resin materials. Sven Tandlak Tidskr<br />
1971;64:149-155.<br />
13. Brudevold F, Buonocore M, Wileman W. A report on a resin composition capable<br />
of bonding to human dentin surfaces. J Dent Res 1956;35:846-851.<br />
14. Brunton PA, Cowan AJ, Wilson MA, Wilson NH. A three-year evaluation of<br />
restorations placed with a smear-layer-mediated dentin bonding agent in<br />
non-carious cervical lesions. J Adhes Dent 1999;1:333-341.<br />
15. Buonocore M. A simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling<br />
materials to enamel surfaces. J Dent Res 1955;34:849-853.<br />
16. Burrow MF, Tyas MJ. Two-year clinical evaluation of One-Up Bond F in noncarious<br />
cervical lesions. J Adhes Dent 2005;7:65-68.<br />
17. Chigira H, Manabe A, Itoh K, Wakumoto S, Hayakawa T. Efficacy of glyceryl<br />
methacrylate as a dentin primer. Dent Mater J 1989;8:194-199.<br />
18. Dalton Bittencourt D, Ezecelevski IG, Reis A, Van Dijken JW, Loguercio AD. An<br />
18-months' evaluation of self-etch and etch & rinse adhesive in non-carious<br />
cervical lesions. Oper Dent 2005;30:275-281.<br />
19. Dunn WJ, Söderholm KJ. Comparison of shear and flexural bond strength<br />
tests versus failure modes of dentin bonding systems. Am J Dent 2001;<br />
14:297-303.<br />
20. Fastlicht S. Tooth Mutilations and Dentistry in Pre-Columbian Mexico. Chicago:<br />
Quintessence 1976.<br />
21. Federlin M, Thonemann B, Schmalz G, Urlinger T. Clinical evaluation of different<br />
adhesive systems for restoring teeth with erosion lesions. Clin Oral Investig<br />
1998;2:58-66.<br />
22. Fusayama T, Nakamura M, Kurosaki N, Iwaku M. Non-pressure adhesion of<br />
a new adhesive restorative resin. J Dent Res 1979;58:1364-1370.<br />
23. Gallo JR, Burgess JO, Ripps AH, Walker RS, Ireland EJ, Mercante DE, Davidson<br />
JM. Three-year clinical evaluation of a compomer and a resin composite<br />
as Class V filling materials. Oper Dent 2005;30:275-281.<br />
24. Gwinnett AJ. Moist versus dry dentin: its effect on shear bond strength. Am<br />
J Dent 1992;5:127-129.<br />
25. Hansen EK, Asmussen E. A comparative study of dentin adhesives. Scand J<br />
Dent Res 1985;93:280-287.<br />
26. Helbig EB, Klimm HW, Schreger IE, Haufe E, Natusch I. Controlled clinical<br />
study of the anterior composite-adhesive system Point 4/OptiBond Solo Plus.<br />
Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 2002;112:1230-1235.<br />
27. Hoffmann-Axthelm W. History of Dentistry. Chicago: Quintessence, 1976:<br />
293-295.<br />
28. Kanca J 3rd: Resin bonding to wet substrate. 1. Bonding to dentin. Quintessence<br />
Int 1992; 23:39-41.<br />
29. Kramer IRH, McLean JW. The response of the human pulp to self-polymerising<br />
acrylic. Br Dent J 1952;93:150-153.<br />
30. Kubo S, Kawasaki K, Yokota H, Hayashi Y. Five-year clinical evaluation of two<br />
adhesive systems in non-carious cervical lesions. J Dent 2006;34:97-105.<br />
31. Mandras RS, Thurmond JW, Latta MA, Matranga LF, Kildee JM, Barkmeier<br />
WW. Three-year clinical evaluation of the Clearfil Liner Bond system. Oper<br />
Dent 1997;22:266-270.<br />
32. Matis BA, Cochran MJ, Carlson TJ, Guba C, Eckert GJ. A three-year clinical<br />
evaluation of two dentin bonding agents. J Am Dent Assoc 2004;135:451-<br />
457.<br />
33. McLean JW. Historical Overview: The pioneers of Enamel and dentin bonding.<br />
In: Roulet J-F, Degrange M (eds). Adhesion – The silent revolution in dentistry.<br />
Chicago: Quintessence, 2000;13-17.<br />
34. Munksgaard EC, Assmussen E. Bond strength between dentin and restorative<br />
resins mediated by a mixture of HEMA and glutaraldehyde. J Dent Res<br />
1984;63:1087-1089.<br />
35. Nakabayashi N, Kojima K, Masuhara E. The promotion of adhesion by the infiltration<br />
of monomers into tooth substrates. J Biomed Mater Res 1982 ;<br />
16:265-273.<br />
36. Perdigao J, Carmo AR, Geraldeli S. Eighteen-month clinical evaluation of two<br />
dentin adhesives applied on dry vs moist dentin. J Adhes Dent 2005;7:253-<br />
258.<br />
37. Servais Ge, Cartz L. Structure of zinc phosphate dental cement. J Dent Res<br />
1971;50:613-620.<br />
38. Silverstone LE, Dogon II. Proceedings of an international symposium on. The<br />
Acid Etch Technique. St. Paul: North Central, 1975.<br />
39. Söderholm KJ, Guelmann M, Bimstein E. Shear bond strength of one 4th and<br />
two 7th generation bonding agents when used by operators with different<br />
bonding experience. J Adhes Dent 2005;7:57-64.<br />
40. Stanley HR, Going RE, Chauncey HH. Human pulp response to acid pretreatment<br />
of dentin and to composite restoration. J Am Dent Assoc 1975;91:817-<br />
825.<br />
41. Türkün SL. Clinical evaluation of a self-etching and a one-bottle adhesive system<br />
at two years. J Dent 2003;31:527-534.<br />
42. van Dijken JW. Clinical evaluation of three adhesive systems in class V noncarious<br />
lesions. Dent Mater 2000;16:285-291.<br />
43. Van Meerbeek B, Braem M, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Evaluation of two<br />
dentin adhesives in cervical lesions. J Prosthet Dent 1994;72:672-673.<br />
44. Van Meerbeek B, Kanumilli PV, De Munck J, Van Landuyt K, Lambrechts P,<br />
Peumans M. A randomized, controlled trial evaluating the three-year clinical<br />
effectiveness of two etch & rinse adhesives in cervical lesions. Oper Dent<br />
2004;29:376-385.<br />
230 The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry