CLIMATOLOGY And It's APPLICATION - RTC, Regional Training ...

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Since the Earth rotates, its axis is tilted and there is more land in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere, the actual global air circulation pattern is much more complicated. Instead of a single-cell circulation, the global model consists of three circulation cells in each hemisphere. These three cells are known as the tropical cell (also called the Hadley cell), the midlatitude cell and the polar cell.
1. Tropical cell (Hadley cell) - Low latitude air moves towards the Equator and heats up. As it heats it rises vertically and moves polewards in the upper atmosphere. This forms a convection cell that dominates tropical and sub-tropical climates. 2. Midlatitude cell (Ferrel cell) - A mid-latitude mean atmospheric circulation cell for weather named by Ferrel in the 19th century. In this cell the air flows polewards and towards the east near the surface and equatorward and in a westerly direction at higher levels. 3. Polar cell - Here air rises, spreads out and travels toward the poles. Once over the poles, the air sinks forming the polar highs. At the surface, the air spreads out from the polar highs. Surface winds in the polar cell are easterly (polar easterlies). Although still oversimplified, this three cell model can describe the main features of atmospheric circulation.
Page 1 and 2: CLIMATOLOGY And It’s APPLICATION
Page 3 and 4: Climate is defined as the collectiv
Page 5 and 6: Aim’s of climatology, is the obje
Page 7 and 8: CLIMATOLOGICAL DIVISION Spatial Sca
Page 9 and 10: As with the different scales of wea
Page 11 and 12: Paleoclimatology Determining past c
Page 13 and 14: The five basic climate controls are
Page 15: Atmospheric Circulation One way to
Page 19 and 20: Pressure belts: The three-cell circ
Page 21 and 22: Global climate is the largest spati
Page 23 and 24: The Monthly Average Temperature The
Page 25 and 26: Large mountains influence regional
Page 27 and 28: World vegetation
Page 29 and 30: However, climate observations diffe
Page 31 and 32: 3. The details and history of local
Page 33 and 34: 6. Operation of historically‐unin
Page 35 and 36: 9. The conversion of research obser
Page 37: “PEACE AT HOME, PEACE IN THE WORL

CLIMATOLOGY And It's APPLICATION - RTC, Regional Training ...

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