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METROPOLITAN WATER RECLAMATION DISTRICT OF GREATER CHICAGO 2009 BUDGET the DO standards proposed in R08-9, and, if so, what the additional electricity requirements would be to meet the new standards. The field work was completed in 2008 and a final report for the project will be issued in 2009. • Dissolved Oxygen Modeling: Beginning in 2003, the District began working with Dr. Charles Melching of Marquette University to develop a state of the art unsteady state hydraulic and water quality model (CAWs WQ Model). This CAWs WQ Model was completed in 2005 and calibrated for several typical wet weather periods. It has been a tool for all of the engineering studies the District has undertaken. The CAWs WQ Model is currently undergoing refinement to improve the calibration, and extend its abilities to simulate a wider range of conditions. It is being calibrated to simulate entire typical wet and dry water years. This improved CAWs WQ Model will provide a better assessment of the attainability of proposed dissolved oxygen criteria under a range of expected conditions. Existing available modeling analysis only examined selected conditions, and utilized a model that needed important improvements. This modeling work is expected to be completed by early 2009. • Flow Augmentation of the Upper North Shore Channel: In 2005, the District initiated a study, through its consultant CTE/AECOM, to determine water quality management options for the Upper North Shore Channel (UNSC). The UNSC is a four-mile segment of the CAWs that extends from Lake Michigan at the Wilmette Pumping Station to the outfall of the North Side WRP and is plagued with low DO due to stagnant flow. Using the CAWs WQ Model developed for the District by Marquette University, CTE/AECOM Engineers determined that augmenting the flow in the UNSC with 100 million gallons per day of aerated North Side WRP effluent was optimal, at a present worth cost of $74,880,000. • Supplemental Aeration of the North and South Branches of the Chicago River: CTE/AECOM explored the technologies and costs for adding supplemental aeration to the NBCR and SBCR. The CAWs WQ Model was also used to support this study. The study concluded that four stations, in addition to the existing aeration stations that were installed by the District in 1980 at Devon Avenue and Webster Avenue on the NSC and NBCR, respectively, would be required. The range of present worth costs is $47,700,000 million to $132,600,000 million, depending on the aeration technology. • Flow Augmentation and Supplemental Aeration of the South Fork of the South Branch of the Chicago River (Bubbly Creek): CTE/AECOM investigated water quality management options for Bubbly Creek using the CAWs WQ Model and determined that a combination of flow augmentation and supplemental aeration would improve conditions in Bubbly Creek. The costs for the management options, depending upon the aeration technology, was determined to range from $81,900,000 to $145,000,000. • CAWs Habitat Evaluation and Improvement Study: In early 2007, the District initiated the planning and development of a request for proposal for a comprehensive study of the varying habitats, including sediments, throughout the CAWs, as well as identification of ambient fish populations and life stages. This information will better define the capabilities of the CAWs to support aquatic life and resolve issues of its potential to support early life stages of fish. Existing information on habitat is limited and information on early life stages non-existent. A habitat metric specifically designed for this highly modified urban waterway system will be developed as the basis for aquatic life use designations and expected improvements in aquatic life use due to proposed water quality improvements will be assessed. This study is being conducted by LimnoTech. The field data collection phase was completed in 2008 and the final report completed by mid-2009. • Integrated Water Quality Strategy: The District is currently conducting engineering, cost, and water quality studies to develop an integrated water quality strategy for meeting the proposed DO standards in R08-9. This study is being conducted by CTE/AECOM Engineers, Inc., and integrates approaches such as flow augmentation, supplemental aeration, and CSO capture and treatment, which were previously studied individually, into a unified strategy for water quality improvement. The study also looks comprehensively at the entire CAWs including the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and the Calumet River System, which were not included in previous engineering studies. Existing analysis by the District of potential water quality improvements only looks at treatment and waterway restoration actions independently. This study is exploring the feasibility and effectiveness of combinations of actions and will then analyze the economic costs. Current information does not consider combined effects or combined costs. This study will be completed by spring 2009. • Determination of Economic and Environmental Impact of Meeting Proposed Effluent Disinfection and Dissolved Oxygen Standards: In conjunction with the integrated water quality strategy, the District will conduct an economic feasibility assessment to determine the costs to implement the integrated treatment and stream improvement projects given the District’s current economic structure, which has certain tax-based limitations. The District initiated the study in 2007 to determine the overall costs and environmental impacts that will result from 7 7
METROPOLITAN WATER RECLAMATION DISTRICT OF GREATER CHICAGO 2009 BUDGET compliance with the proposed disinfection standard and water quality DO standard in R08-9. This project is being conducted by Malcolm Pirnie Consultants and will be completed by mid-2009. • 3-Dimensional Hydraulic Modeling of Bubbly Creek, South Fork Chicago River, and Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal: The District is currently supporting researchers at the University of Illinois to study the complex hydraulics of the CAWs under various conditions. This research will examine issues of stratification, bidirectional flow, and stagnation, under a range of dry and wet weather conditions. Currently, available information only identifies the existence of stratification, bidirectional flow, and stagnation, but does not characterize its extent and occurrence under a variety of conditions. This study will provide the more sophisticated modeling necessary for selection of the sites and sizes of supplemental aeration facilities for final design if necessary. The one-dimensional unsteady state model being utilized for most of the waterways is insufficient for modeling to the level of precision necessary under the unique conditions present in these CAWs reaches. This study is not expected to be completed until the end of 2010. Aquatic Life Protection The Use Attainability Analysis (UAA) study of the Chicago Area Waterways (CAWs) conducted by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) has proposed more stringent Dissolved Oxygen (DO) standards for the CAWs. Hearings are currently being conducted by the Illinois Pollution Control Board (IPCB) for possible adoption into mandated DO standards for the CAWs. In response to previous requests by the IEPA, the Monitoring and Research Department (M&R) retained the services of Marquette University to construct a computer model of the CAWs to predict dissolved oxygen levels at various points along the CAWs under different flow conditions. The model was calibrated using actual instream dissolved oxygen data from various wet weather and dry weather periods. The Engineering Department, through the services of a consultant, used the model to predict the effects of making specific changes to the waterways, in accordance with the request from the IEPA. The studied changes were: supplemental aeration, flow augmentation, and primary treatment of combined sewer overflows (CSO). Flow augmentation involves the pumping of final effluent from a District Water Reclamation Plant to a segment of the CAWs that exhibits stagnant flow conditions. The intent is to induce a constant flow, thereby providing natural oxygenation of the water. Flow augmentation using supersaturated plant effluent water was also studied. Supplemental aeration includes technologies such as instream ceramic air diffusers, instream jet aerators, U-tubes, and side stream treatment, similar to the District’s five SEPA stations. The results, which were presented to the IEPA, indicated potential benefits from flow augmentation and supplemental aeration. Primary treatment of CSO flows was determined to provide no benefit under wet weather conditions, to be physically impossible to implement at all CSO sites, and to be prohibitively expensive. Consequently, the IEPA dismissed this approach from further study. Based on this earlier work, the water quality model is now being refined by Marquette University in order to be used by the Engineering Department for an integrated water quality strategy for the CAWs. Whereas, the previous study looked only at the effects of specific actions unto themselves, the integrated water quality strategy will analyze the CAWs on a holistic basis, studying a combination of both supplemental aeration and flow augmentation activities, while relating changes in DO in one segment of the waterway to the various other interconnected segments. The goal is to find the combination of actions that produces a positive result in all segments of the waterways. Two scenarios will be modeled: achieving compliance with proposed dissolved oxygen standards 90 percent of the time and 100 percent of the time. Results are expected in early 2009 and will be presented to the IEPA and the IPCB. Based on the selected course of action, the Engineering Department will then study the specific design conditions, equipment, siting, and costs to implement an integrated strategy. Effluent Disinfection In planning for 2009, the District will face a number of operational and financial challenges. Under the proposed rulemaking the District will be required to provide disinfection at its three largest water reclamation plants (WRPs). The objective of disinfection is to reduce the concentrations of pathogens (bacteria) in the water reclamation plant effluent in order to safeguard the health of the public who use the waterways for contact recreation. The need for disinfection is based upon the quality and use of the receiving stream. Currently, the District’s Egan, Kirie, and Hanover Park WRPs provide effluent disinfection, since they discharge into waterways designated by the IEPA as General Use waterways. The Stickney, Calumet, North Side, and Lemont WRPs do not provide disinfection, as they discharge into man-made canals primarily used for drainage of treated effluent and stormwater, and for navigation, and designated by the IEPA as Secondary Contact waterways. The proposal currently before the Illinois Pollution Control Board by the 8 8
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Mr. Richard Lanyon October 21, 2008
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Tunnel Access Pump Station Grit Fac
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