Lab #7: Introduction to the Kingdom Animalia Objectives: 1 ...

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Questions: 1. Consider the environments where each type of body symmetry would be most efficient. 2. What is the advantage of having bilateral symmetry Can any particular task be achieved more efficiently a. Why would this type of symmetry lead to cephalization
3. Out of all the organisms you examined, is there a particular pattern between the organisms that have bilateral symmetry Radial symmetry Make sure to consider morphology. Task 4: Developmental patterns in bilateral animals: Protostomes and Deuterostomes Bilateral animals follow two major patterns of embryonic development. Based on these patterns they are classified as either deuterostomes or protostomes. In deuterostomes, the blastopore (first embryological opening) becomes the anus, while in protostomes the blastopore becomes the mouth. Also, cleavage, the initial process of cell development after a zygote is formed is different in the two lineages: In protostomes, cleavage is spiral, while it is radial in deuterostomes. The separation of the metazoans (multicellular animals) into two separate lineages, suggests an evolutionary divergence of the bilateral body plan. This suggests that deuterostomes and protostomes are separate, monophyletic lineages. For further information, please look at table 40.1 (pg. 441) in your lab manual. Examine the animals noted under the “Example species” below and answer the questions below the table.
Page 1 and 2: Lab #7: Introduction to the Kingdom
Page 3 and 4: Level of organization Protoplasmic
Page 5 and 6: Task 2: Differences between acoelom
Page 7: Symmetry type Description Example P
Page 11: Radially-Symmetrical and Bilaterall

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