GPS-X Technical Reference

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Other Models 304 In addition to precipitating the phosphorus, the chemicals flocculate some of the colloidal organics into particulate matter. In the model this is simulated as a conversion of soluble inert COD and soluble substrate into particulate inerts and particulate substrate. The extent of flocculation will depend on the half-saturation constants for each species. These constants need calibration from plant to plant as the flocculation model is empirical. Here is a detailed explanation of the constants of the Chemical Dosage menu item: Number of chemicals: Currently four chemicals (alum, ferrous and ferric, plus a user defined) are available. Dosage mode . Mass flow based: in mass/time units. Flow proportional: in mass/volume units. The following stoichiometry parameters (for all compounds) are found under the More… button, and are described in Table 11-1. Table 11-1 - Chemeq Parameters Parameter P precipitation stoichiometry soluble inert COD flocculation stoichiometry soluble substrate flocculation stoichiometry metal hydroxide stoichiometry P precipitation half-saturation coefficient soluble inert flocculation half-saturation coefficient soluble substrate flocculation halfsaturation coefficient Description gP/gMe precipitated stoichiometrically (if metal is in excess) gCOD/gMe soluble inert COD converted to particulate inert COD (si to xi) gCOD/gMe soluble substrate converted to particulate substrate (ss to xs) g of MeOH formed per g of metal added gP/m 3 concentration at which half the Metal available for this reaction will be used to precipitate phosphorus gCOD/m 3 concentration at which half the metal available for this reaction will be used to flocculate soluble inerts gCOD/m 3 concentration at which half the metal available for this reaction will be used to flocculate soluble substrate The stoichiometry for inorganic inert solids production from P precipitation that was available as a parameter in previous versions of this model (under the name chemdos) is now calculated from known stoichiometry. In addition, the chemeq model is written as an equilibrium model, meaning that all precipitation and flocculation is assumed to happen instantaneously, and goes to completion within the flow-through of the In-line Chemical Dosage object. All nitrogen and phosphorus fractions of COD components are recalculated for mass balance after the precipitation has taken place. GPS-X Technical Reference
305 Others Models Dosage Controller The chemeq model contains a P-removal dosage controller, which is available in the Input Parameters > Chemical Dosage menu (seeFigure 11-4). Figure 11-4 – Dosage Controller Parameters The controller allows users to specify a desired effluent P concentration, and backcalculates the required metal ion dosage, based on the stoichiometry settings. Metaladd Precipitation/Coagulation Model The metaladd model is a semi-mechanistic model to assess the removal of soluble phosphorus due to metal addition. Following key assumptions are made in the model development. 1. The metal species exists in the form of Me(OH) 3. All the other soluble and insoluble species of metal are not modeled. Thus the model results outside the pH range of 6-8 may not be applicable. 2. Solubility product of the metal phosphates is used in estimating the amount of expected precipitates. 3. The solubility product is based on the PO 4 3- ion which is estimated based on the solution pH and dissociation coefficient of H 3PO 4. 4. The removal mechanism is assumed to be instantaneous, therefore no volume of the reactor is considered. GPS-X Technical Reference
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GPS-X Technical Reference GPS-X Ver
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Table of Contents iii Table of Cont
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v Table of Contents Sedimentation M
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vii Table of Contents Real Time Clo
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ix Table of Contents Figure 6-6 - P
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xi Table of Contents Figure 10-8 -
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xiii Table of Contents Figure 15-6
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xv Table of Contents Table 6-2 - Mo
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17 Modelling Fundamentals Experimen
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19 Modelling Fundamentals The proce
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21 Modelling Fundamentals Overview
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23 Modelling Fundamentals Primary a
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25 Modelling Fundamentals Vesilin
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27 GPS-X Objects CHAPTER 2 GPS-X Ob
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29 GPS- X Objects The mass balance
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31 GPS- X Objects Combining Equatio
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33 GPS-X State Variable Libraries S
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35 GPS-X State Variable Libraries C
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37 GPS-X State Variable Libraries C
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39 GPS-X Composite Variable Librari
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41 GPS-X Composite Variable Calcula
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55 Composite Variable Calculations
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61 Influent Models CHAPTER 5 Influe
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63 Influent Models Figure 5-3 - Inf
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65 Influent Models The three influe
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67 Influent Models Total runoff (Q
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69 Influent Models These inputs are
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71 Influent Models CODFractions COD
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73 Influent Models TSSCOD Figure 5-
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75 Influent Models Figure 5-13 - CN
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77 Influent Models CN and CNIP Libr
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83 Influent Models INFLUENT OBJECTS
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85 Influent Models Figure 5-22 - In
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87 Influent Models Chemical Dosage
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89 Influent Models Figure 5-29 - Ac
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91 Influent Models Figure 5-33 - Se
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93 Influent Models Figure 5-36 - Se
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95 Suspended Growth Models where: V
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97 Suspended Growth Models The baro
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99 Suspended Growth Models Oxygen M
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101 Suspended Growth Models In the
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103 Suspended Growth Models The SOT
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105 Suspended Growth Models Standar
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107 Suspended Growth Models The reg
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109 Suspended Growth Models SUMMARY
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111 Suspended Growth Models Figure
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113 Suspended Growth Models General
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115 Suspended Growth Models Number
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117 Suspended Growth Models Elevati
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121 Suspended Growth Models AERATIO
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123 Suspended Growth Models The ent
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125 Suspended Growth Models The org
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127 Suspended Growth Models Process
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129 Suspended Growth Models It i
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131 Suspended Growth Models Nitroge
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133 Suspended Growth Models Include
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135 Suspended Growth Models
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137 Suspended Growth Models Althoug
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139 Suspended Growth Models Particu
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141 Suspended Growth Models 9. Grow
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143 Suspended Growth Models 21. Sto
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145 Suspended Growth Models 33. Gro
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147 Suspended Growth Models To mode
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149 Suspended Growth Models Algebra
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151 Suspended Growth Models The sto
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153 Suspended Growth Models Decay o
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155 Suspended Growth Models SUGGEST
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157 Suspended Growth Models Special
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159 Suspended Growth Models Table 6
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161 Suspended Growth Models The GPS
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163 Suspended Growth Models where:
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165 Suspended Growth Models The max
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167 Suspended Growth Models If yo
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169 Suspended Growth Models ANAEROB
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171 Suspended Growth Models Simple
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173 Suspended Growth Models With th
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175 Suspended Growth Models Manual
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177 Suspended Growth Models Equatio
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179 Suspended Growth Models The met
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181 Suspended Growth Models Pond Mo
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183 Suspended Growth Models Special
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185 Suspended Growth Models Se
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187 Suspended Growth Models aerated
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193 Suspended Growth Models Calcula
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195 Suspended Growth Models The vap
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197 Suspended Growth Models Oxygen
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199 Suspended Growth Models Estimat
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203 Suspended Growth Models Enterin
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209 Suspended Growth Models MODELLI
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211 Suspended Growth Models TEMPERA
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213 Suspended Growth Models Table 6
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215 Suspended Growth Models The PAC
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217 Suspended Growth Models CHAPTER
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219 Attached-Growth Models Each lay
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221 Attached-Growth Models Equation
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223 Attached-Growth Models The mode
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225 Attached-Growth Models The phys
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227 Attached-Growth Models Liquid F
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229 Attached-Growth Models This con
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231 Attached-Growth Models The next
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233 Attached-Growth Models The SBC
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235 Attached-Growth Models Based on
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237 Attached-Growth Models Operatio
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239 Attached-Growth Models Hydrauli
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241 Attached-Growth Models ADVANCED
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243 Attached-Growth Models Filtrati
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245 Attached-Growth Models Operatio
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247 Attached-Growth Models This for
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249 Attached-Growth Models HYBRID S
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251 Attached-Growth Models Figure 7
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355 Tools Object TIMER CONTROL The
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357 Tools Object Controller - The c
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359 Tools Object (qcon is the crypt
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361 Operating Cost Models CHAPTER 1
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363 Operating Cost Models The energ
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365 Operating Cost Models OPERATING
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367 Operating Cost Models OPERATING
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369 Operating Cost Models CALIBRATI
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371 Operating Cost Models Category
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373 Optimizer If after the reflecti
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375 Optimizer In the objective func
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377 Optimizer Figure 14-2 - Optimiz
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379 Optimizer Figure 14-3 - Example
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381 Optimizer SUMMARY OF THE OPTIMI
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383 Optimizer Use specified standar
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385 Optimizer Level of significance
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387 Optimizer APPENDIX A: MAXIMUM L
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389 Optimizer In GPS-X the log-like
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391 Optimizer Note that the user ca
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393 Optimizer Gradient of the Objec
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395 Optimizer Hessian of the Object
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397 Optimizer For the maximum likel
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399 Optimizer Percentage Variation
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401 Optimizer GPS-X reports the F-v
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403 Optimizer The sum of squares ra
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405 Optimizer To check for violatio
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407 Optimizer If the sample autocor
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409 Optimizer APPENDIX C: NOMENCLAT
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411 Optimizer APPENDIX D: REFERENCE
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413 Miscellaneous CHAPTER 15 Miscel
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415 Miscellaneous As compared to th
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417 Miscellaneous A typical GPS-X o
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419 Miscellaneous RESIDUAL PLOTS Fo
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421 Miscellaneous Figure 15-6 - Res
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423 Miscellaneous REAL TIME CLOCK T
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425 Miscellaneous Figure 15-9 - Ste
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427 Miscellaneous Figure 15-11 - In
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429 Miscellaneous The smoothing fun
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431 Miscellaneous The Gear's Stiff
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Appendix A - Petersen Matrices A-1
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ASM2d in CNPLIB Appendix A - Peters
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15 Lysis of XBP 16 Lysis of XPP 17
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NewGeneral in CNPLIB Appendix A - P
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NewGeneral in CNPLIB Appendix A - P
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Component i Process Rates Appendix
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2 Appendix A - Prefermenter Peterse
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D-2 Appendix D - References Brockwe
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D-4 Appendix D - References Hur, D.
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D-6 Appendix D - References Reilly,
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D-8 Appendix D - References Wuhrman
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