GPS-X Technical Reference

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Sedimentation and Flotation Models 262 TYPES OF SETTLERS/CLARIFIERS There are four types of settler objects in GPS-X: 1. rectangular primary 2. circular primary 3. rectangular secondary 4. circular secondary All of the settler objects contain the same settling model. The difference between primary and secondary clarifiers is the default settling parameters and the SVI correlation (SVI correlation is not used in the primary settlers). The difference between the circular and rectangular configurations is restricted to the specification of the area and/or geometry of the tanks. The rectangular tanks require only a total surface area for input, whereas the circular tanks have several shapes available. Circular Settler Configurations There are 4 different circular settler shapes available in the circular primary and secondary settler objects, as shown in Figure 8-5. Figure 8-5 – Circular Settler Shapes GPS-X Technical Reference
263 Sedimentation and Flotation Models FLOTATION MODEL This section of the chapter describes the flotation model (simple1d) associated with the DAF unit. The flotation model is closely related to the one-dimensional sedimentation model. It is partly based on the double-exponential function, but the model is inverted to promote flotation of solids as opposed to sedimentation of solids. The flotation model includes a solids flux component to account for floating of solids. This floating component is primarily controlled by an air-to-solids ratio and a polymer dosage, specified by the user. One-Dimensional Model The one-dimensional flotation model will predict the amount of solids removal achieved by the DAF unit. Solids are removed from the top of the unit in the float stream. Effluent is removed from the bottom of the DAF unit in the effluent stream. The one-dimensional flotation model is primarily based on the solids flux theory presented previously in this chapter, but it is modified to account for flotation as opposed to sedimentation. The major difference between the flotation and sedimentation models is the direction of solids flux and the parameters controlling it. In the one-dimensional flotation model, the DAF unit is divided into a number of layers (10 by default) of equal thickness, depicted in Figure 8-6. The following assumptions are made: 1. Incoming solids are distributed instantaneously and uniformly across the entire cross-sectional area of the feed layer. 2. Only vertical flow is considered. GPS-X Technical Reference
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GPS-X Technical Reference GPS-X Ver
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Table of Contents iii Table of Cont
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v Table of Contents Sedimentation M
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vii Table of Contents Real Time Clo
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ix Table of Contents Figure 6-6 - P
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xi Table of Contents Figure 10-8 -
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xiii Table of Contents Figure 15-6
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xv Table of Contents Table 6-2 - Mo
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17 Modelling Fundamentals Experimen
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19 Modelling Fundamentals The proce
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21 Modelling Fundamentals Overview
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23 Modelling Fundamentals Primary a
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25 Modelling Fundamentals Vesilin
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27 GPS-X Objects CHAPTER 2 GPS-X Ob
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29 GPS- X Objects The mass balance
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31 GPS- X Objects Combining Equatio
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33 GPS-X State Variable Libraries S
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35 GPS-X State Variable Libraries C
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37 GPS-X State Variable Libraries C
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39 GPS-X Composite Variable Librari
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41 GPS-X Composite Variable Calcula
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55 Composite Variable Calculations
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61 Influent Models CHAPTER 5 Influe
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63 Influent Models Figure 5-3 - Inf
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65 Influent Models The three influe
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67 Influent Models Total runoff (Q
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69 Influent Models These inputs are
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71 Influent Models CODFractions COD
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73 Influent Models TSSCOD Figure 5-
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75 Influent Models Figure 5-13 - CN
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77 Influent Models CN and CNIP Libr
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83 Influent Models INFLUENT OBJECTS
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85 Influent Models Figure 5-22 - In
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87 Influent Models Chemical Dosage
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89 Influent Models Figure 5-29 - Ac
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91 Influent Models Figure 5-33 - Se
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93 Influent Models Figure 5-36 - Se
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95 Suspended Growth Models where: V
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97 Suspended Growth Models The baro
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99 Suspended Growth Models Oxygen M
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101 Suspended Growth Models In the
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103 Suspended Growth Models The SOT
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105 Suspended Growth Models Standar
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107 Suspended Growth Models The reg
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109 Suspended Growth Models SUMMARY
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111 Suspended Growth Models Figure
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113 Suspended Growth Models General
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115 Suspended Growth Models Number
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117 Suspended Growth Models Elevati
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121 Suspended Growth Models AERATIO
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123 Suspended Growth Models The ent
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125 Suspended Growth Models The org
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127 Suspended Growth Models Process
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129 Suspended Growth Models It i
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131 Suspended Growth Models Nitroge
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133 Suspended Growth Models Include
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135 Suspended Growth Models
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137 Suspended Growth Models Althoug
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139 Suspended Growth Models Particu
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141 Suspended Growth Models 9. Grow
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143 Suspended Growth Models 21. Sto
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145 Suspended Growth Models 33. Gro
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147 Suspended Growth Models To mode
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149 Suspended Growth Models Algebra
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151 Suspended Growth Models The sto
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153 Suspended Growth Models Decay o
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155 Suspended Growth Models SUGGEST
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157 Suspended Growth Models Special
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159 Suspended Growth Models Table 6
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161 Suspended Growth Models The GPS
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163 Suspended Growth Models where:
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165 Suspended Growth Models The max
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167 Suspended Growth Models If yo
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169 Suspended Growth Models ANAEROB
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171 Suspended Growth Models Simple
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173 Suspended Growth Models With th
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175 Suspended Growth Models Manual
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177 Suspended Growth Models Equatio
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179 Suspended Growth Models The met
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181 Suspended Growth Models Pond Mo
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183 Suspended Growth Models Special
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185 Suspended Growth Models Se
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187 Suspended Growth Models aerated
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193 Suspended Growth Models Calcula
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195 Suspended Growth Models The vap
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197 Suspended Growth Models Oxygen
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199 Suspended Growth Models Estimat
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203 Suspended Growth Models Enterin
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209 Suspended Growth Models MODELLI
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Page 267 and 268: 267 Sand Filtration Models Floatati
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Page 275 and 276: 275 Digestion Models Figure 10-1 -
Page 277 and 278: 277 Digestion Models Seven yield co
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Page 297 and 298: 297 Other Models CHAPTER 11 Other M
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313 Others Models DEWATERING Four m
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315 Others Models The optimal polym
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317 Others Models DISC AND BELT MIC
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319 Others Models Figure 11-12 - Pl
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321 Others Models Physical Setup Fo
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323 Others Models Exponential const
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325 Others Models BLACK BOX The Bla
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327 Tools Object Figure 11-19 - Spe
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329 Tools Object Figure 11-21 - Inp
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331 Tools Object Typical Model Outp
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333 Tools Object The variable speed
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335 Tools Object SLUDGE EFFLUENT BU
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337 Tools Object PH TOOL Take a sam
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339 Tools Object These concentratio
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341 Tools Object LOW-PASS FILTERING
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343 Tools Object Control Variable P
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345 Tools Object The individual mod
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347 Tools Object PID in Position Fo
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349 Tools Object The following para
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351 Tools Object The controller tun
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353 Tools Object When both the proc
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355 Tools Object TIMER CONTROL The
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357 Tools Object Controller - The c
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359 Tools Object (qcon is the crypt
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361 Operating Cost Models CHAPTER 1
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363 Operating Cost Models The energ
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365 Operating Cost Models OPERATING
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367 Operating Cost Models OPERATING
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369 Operating Cost Models CALIBRATI
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371 Operating Cost Models Category
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373 Optimizer If after the reflecti
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375 Optimizer In the objective func
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377 Optimizer Figure 14-2 - Optimiz
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379 Optimizer Figure 14-3 - Example
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381 Optimizer SUMMARY OF THE OPTIMI
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383 Optimizer Use specified standar
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385 Optimizer Level of significance
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387 Optimizer APPENDIX A: MAXIMUM L
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389 Optimizer In GPS-X the log-like
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391 Optimizer Note that the user ca
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393 Optimizer Gradient of the Objec
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395 Optimizer Hessian of the Object
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397 Optimizer For the maximum likel
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399 Optimizer Percentage Variation
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401 Optimizer GPS-X reports the F-v
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403 Optimizer The sum of squares ra
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405 Optimizer To check for violatio
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407 Optimizer If the sample autocor
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409 Optimizer APPENDIX C: NOMENCLAT
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411 Optimizer APPENDIX D: REFERENCE
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413 Miscellaneous CHAPTER 15 Miscel
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415 Miscellaneous As compared to th
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417 Miscellaneous A typical GPS-X o
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419 Miscellaneous RESIDUAL PLOTS Fo
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421 Miscellaneous Figure 15-6 - Res
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423 Miscellaneous REAL TIME CLOCK T
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425 Miscellaneous Figure 15-9 - Ste
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427 Miscellaneous Figure 15-11 - In
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429 Miscellaneous The smoothing fun
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431 Miscellaneous The Gear's Stiff
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Appendix A - Petersen Matrices A-1
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ASM2d in CNPLIB Appendix A - Peters
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15 Lysis of XBP 16 Lysis of XPP 17
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NewGeneral in CNPLIB Appendix A - P
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NewGeneral in CNPLIB Appendix A - P
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Component i Process Rates Appendix
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2 Appendix A - Prefermenter Peterse
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D-2 Appendix D - References Brockwe
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D-4 Appendix D - References Hur, D.
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D-6 Appendix D - References Reilly,
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D-8 Appendix D - References Wuhrman
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