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Programmable Logic Design Quick Start Handbook

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Glossary of Terms<br />

GLOSSARY OF TERMS<br />

ABEL – Advanced Boolean Expression Language, low-level language for<br />

design entry, from Data I/O.<br />

AIM – Advanced Interconnect Matrix in the CoolRunner-II CPLD that provides<br />

the flexible interconnection between the PLA function blocks.<br />

Antifuse – A small circuit element that can be irreversibly changed from<br />

being non-conducting to being conducting with ~100 Ohm. Anti-fuse-based<br />

FPGAs are thus non-volatile and can be programmed only once (see OTP).<br />

AQL – Acceptable Quality Level. The relative number of devices, expressed<br />

in parts-per-million (ppm), that might not meet specification or be defective.<br />

Typical values are around 10 ppm.<br />

ASIC – Application Specific Integrated Circuit, also called a gate array.<br />

Asynchronous logic that is not synchronized by a clock. Asynchronous designs<br />

can be faster than synchronous ones, but are more sensitive to parametric<br />

changes and are thus less robust.<br />

ASSP – Application-Specific Standard Product. Type of high-integration<br />

chip or chipset ASIC that is designed for a common yet specific application.<br />

ATM – Asynchronous Transfer Mode. A very high-speed (megahertz to<br />

gigahertz) connection-oriented bit-serial protocol for transmitting data and realtime<br />

voice and video in fixed-length packets (48-byte payload, 5-byte header).<br />

Back Annotation – Automatically attaching timing values to the entered<br />

design format after the design has been placed and routed in an FPGA.<br />

Behavioral Language – Top-down description from an even higher level<br />

than VHDL.<br />

Block RAM – A block of 2k to 4k bits of RAM inside an FPGA. Dual-port<br />

and synchronous operation are desirable.<br />

CAD – Computer Aided <strong>Design</strong>, using computers to design products.<br />

CAE – Computer Aided Engineering, analyses designs created on a computer.<br />

CLB – Configurable <strong>Logic</strong> Block. Xilinx-specific name for a block of logic<br />

surrounded by routing resources. A CLB contains two or four LUTs (function<br />

generators) plus two or four flip-flops.<br />

CMOS – Complementary Metal-Oxide-Silicon. Dominant technology for<br />

logic and memory. Has replaced the older bipolar TTL technology in most<br />

applications (except very fast ones). CMOS offers lower power consumption<br />

and smaller chip sizes compared to bipolar and now meets or even beats TTL<br />

speed.<br />

Xilinx • 183

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