Chapter 3 Resource: Matter and its Changes
Chapter 3 Resource: Matter and its Changes
Chapter 3 Resource: Matter and its Changes
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Name Date Class<br />
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.<br />
1<br />
Density of Solids<br />
Suppose you cut a piece of copper rod into sections of equal volume. If each section of rod had<br />
a volume of 1 cm 3 ,you would find that all the pieces would have the same mass when massed on<br />
a balance. That is, the mass of a unit volume of material is the same for all samples of a substance,<br />
but usually differs for different substances. The mass of a unit volume, or density, is therefore a<br />
characteristic physical property of a substance. How can you determine whether several samples<br />
that share other similar physical properties are made of the same substance One way is to determine<br />
the densities of the samples.<br />
Strategy<br />
You will measure the mass <strong>and</strong> volume of several samples of solids.<br />
You will calculate the density of each solid.<br />
You will determine if any of the samples are made of the same substance.<br />
You will identify samples based on their densities.<br />
Materials<br />
sheets of paper (2)<br />
metal blocks (3)<br />
balance<br />
metric ruler<br />
small rocks (2)<br />
50-mL graduated cylinder<br />
water<br />
Procedure<br />
1. Place the three blocks on a sheet of paper.<br />
On the paper, make a circle around each<br />
block. Label one circle A, label another<br />
circle B, <strong>and</strong> a third circle C, as shown in<br />
Figure 1. Take only one block off the paper<br />
at a time. Keep the other blocks in their<br />
circles so you don’t get them mixed up.<br />
Figure 1<br />
Laboratory<br />
Activity<br />
A<br />
B<br />
C<br />
2. Use a balance to measure the mass of each<br />
block to the nearest 0.1 gram. Record the<br />
masses in Table 1.<br />
3. Measure the dimensions of each of the<br />
three blocks as accurately as you can.<br />
Record the dimensions in the table.<br />
4. Calculate the volume of each block by<br />
multiplying length, width, <strong>and</strong> height.<br />
Record the volumes in the table.<br />
5. Calculate the density of each block by<br />
dividing the mass by the volume. Record<br />
the density of each block in the table.<br />
6. Place the two rocks on another sheet of<br />
paper. On the paper, make a circle around<br />
each rock. Label one circle A <strong>and</strong> label the<br />
other circle B. Take only one rock off the<br />
paper at a time. Keep the other rock in <strong>its</strong><br />
circle so you don’t get them mixed up.<br />
7. Use the balance to measure the masses of<br />
each rock sample. Record the masses in<br />
Table 2.<br />
H<strong>and</strong>s-On Activities<br />
<strong>Matter</strong> <strong>and</strong> Its <strong>Changes</strong> 9