Journal of - International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine

Abdul Nasser KAADAN, Hesham ALAHMAD
O-glucoside, quercetin- 3-O-glucoside. Caffeic acid ester
(up to 1%): including chlorogenic acid, dicoffeoyl-mesotartaric
acid. Silicic acid (5 to 7.7%): to some extent watersoluble.
Pyridine alkaloids: nicotine (traces), palustrine (in the
gamatophytes and in the rhizome styrolpyrone glucosides,
including equisetumpyrone).
EFFECTS, INDICATIONS AND USAGE: Horsetail has a
mild diuretic and spasmolytic action in animal tests. The
flavonoids and silicic acid contribute to the astringent effect.
Indications Approved by Commission E: Infections of
the urinary tract, Kidney and bladder stones, Wounds and
burns. Internal preparations are used for post-traumatic
and static edema, flushing-out therapy for bacterial and inflammatory
diseases of the lower urinary tract and renal
stones. It is used externally as a supportive treatment for
poorly healing wounds.
Unproven Uses: In folk medicine, Equisetum arvense is
used for tuberculosis, as a catarrh in the kidney and bladder
regions, as a hematostatic for profuse menstruation, nasal,
pulmonary and gastric hemorrhages, for brittle fingernails
and loss of hair, for rheumatic diseases, gout, poorly healing
wounds and ulcers, swelling and fractures and for frostbite.
CONTRAINDICATIONS, PRECAUTIONS AND AD-
VERSE REACTIONS: Horsetail is contraindicated in patients
who have edema due to impaired heart and kidney
function. Health risks or side effects following the proper
administration of designated therapeutic dosages are not
recorded. A doctor should be consulted when the drug is
utilized as a bath additive in cases of major skin lesions,
acute skin lesions of unknown origin, major feverish and
infectious diseases, cardiac insufficiency and hypertonia.
MODE OF ADMINISTRATION AND PREPARATION:
Comminuted herb for infusions and other galenic preparations
are available for oral administration. Comminuted
herb for decoctions and other galenic preparations are used
externally. To make a tea. pour 200 ml boiling water over
2 to 3 gm drug and boil for 5 minutes. Strain after 10 to
15 minutes. To make an infusion, use 1.5 gm drug per 1
cup water. A liquid extract is prepared in a 1:1 ratio in 25%
alcohol.
DAILY DOSE: 6 g drug. The drug should be administered
with plenty of fluids. The internal dosages are as follows:
Infusion — 2 to 4 g. Liquid extract — 1 to 4 ml 3
times daily. Tea — 2-3 g per cup repeatedly during the day
between mealtimes. External use: Compresses: 10 g drug to
1 liter. Homeopathic Dosage: 5 drops, 1 tablet or 10 globules
every 30 to 60 minutes (acute) or 1 to 3 times a day
(chronic); parenterally: 1 to 2 ml 3 times daily.
Editing and Study Adwiyat Harf al-Thal from Taqwīm al-adwiyah
al-mufrada Manuscript (Table of Simple Drugs) Written by Ibrāhīm b.
Abī Sa`īd b. Ibrāhīm al-Maġribī al-Alā’ī (Lived in 547H/1152 A.D)
Tharareeh (9)
COMPOUNDS: containing not less than 0.6% of cantharidin.
Cantharidin is: Hexahydro-3aα,7aα-dimethyl-4β,7βepoxyisobenzofuran-
1,3-dione. C10H12O4.
EFFECTS, INDICATIONS AND USAGE: externally as
rubefacients, counter-irritants, and vesicants. They should
not be taken internally or applied over large surfaces owing
to the risk of absorption. The use of cantharides in cosmetic
products is prohibited in the UK by law.
CONTRAINDICATIONS, PRECAUTIONS AND AD-
VERSE REACTIONS: After ingestion of cantharides there
is burning pain in the throat and stomach, difficulty in
swallowing, nausea, vomiting, haematemesis, abdominal
pain, bloody diarrhoea, tenesmus, renal pain, frequent
micturition, haematuria, uraemia, severe hypotension, and
circulatory failure. Oral doses of cantharidin of less than
65 mg have been lethal. A dose of 1 mg or contact with
one insect can produce distressing symptoms. Skin contact
results in blisters.
MODE OF ADMINISTRATION AND PREPARATION:
Externally and Internally.
DAILY DOSE: A solution of 0.7% in flexible collodion is
applied for the removal of warts and molluscum contagiosum.
Gold (9)
COMPOUNDS: Gold salts or metallic gold.
EFFECTS, INDICATIONS AND USAGE: The main use of
metallic gold in health care is now in dentistry. Gold may
also be used as a colouring agent for some foodstuffs. In the
treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, gold is used in the form
of compounds such as auranofin aurothioglucose, and sodium
aurothiomalate. The radionuclide gold-198 is used in
radiopharmaceuticals.
CONTRAINDICATIONS, PRECAUTIONS AND AD-
VERSE REACTIONS: There have been rare reports of hypersensitivity
reactions to metallic gold.
MODE OF ADMINISTRATION AND PREPARATION:
Externally and Internally, metallic and salt.
DAILY DOSE: Due to the compound.
Conclusions
The author explained five drugs in this chapter “BAB
Adwiyah Harf al-Thal”, two of the drugs are of plant origin,
two of them are of animal origin, the last is of non-organic
origin.
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ISHIM 2011-2012