Journal of - International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine

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Subconjunctival Hemorrhage in the Most Famous Eye Islamic Medical Books Abdul Nasser KAADAN, Mohammad Al HEREK References 1. IBN IS – HAQ, Hunain , 1928, The ten Treatises on the eye, Emer Print press, Cairo, P.127 2. TABARI , Ali Ibn Rabban , 1958 , Firdaws al-Hikma ¸aktal , Berlen , P.162 3. TABARI, Ali Ibn Rabban , 1990, Al-Mualaga al – Buqratiyya, Germany, Frankfort University, Institute for the History of Arabic and Islamic Science, P 205. 4. AL Rhazi Abo Baker Mohamad Ibn Zakarya, 1995, Al-haui in Medicine, 1 st edition, print house of Ottoman encyclopedia, Hydar Abad, P203. 5. GHAFIQI, Mohamad ben Qasom ben Aslem, 1990, The guide in eye medicine, General Administration for Publication, Al Malek Soud City for Technical Science, Saudi Arabia, P 336. 6. Al HALABI, Kalifa ben Abil-Mahasen, 1990, Al Kafi Fee Al Kouhel, Esico, Saudi Arabia, P 192. 7. Al HALABI, Kalifa ben Abil-Mahasen, 1990, Al Kafi Fee Al Kouhel, Esico, Saudi Arabia, P 192. 8. AL QAISI, Abo Al Abas Ahmad ben Othman ben hibat Allah, 1998, Result of thinking, P52. 9. IBN IS-HAQ, Hunain, 1982, The ten Treatises on the eye, Emer Print press, Cairo, P. 182. 10. TABARI , Ali Ibn Rabban , 1958 , Firdaus al-Hikma ¸aktal , Berlen , P. 167-168. 11. MAWSILI, Ammar Ben Ali, Almontaheb, Obekan, S.A.K. , P. 50-51. 12. IBN SINA, AbO Ali Al Houssin, the Law in Medicine, (( Al Qanun )), V2, Beirut, P, 215. 13. GHAFIQI, Mohamad ben Qasom ben Aslem, 1990, The guide in eye medicine, General Administration for Publication, Al Malek Soud City for Technical Science, Saudi Arabia, P 336. 14. Al HALABI, Kalifa ben Abil-Mahasen, 1990, Al Kafi Fee Al Kouhel, Esico, Saudi Arabia, P, 195. 15. AL QAISI, Abo Al Abas Ahmad ben Othman ben hibat Allah, 1998, Result of thinking, P, 52. 16. KANSKI Jack J., 1993, Clinical Ophthalmology. 3 rd ed. Butterworth. Heinermann Ltd., LONDON , P80. 17. DANIEL Vaughan, TAYLR Asbury, PAUL Riordan, Eva, 1992, General Ophthalmology, thirteenth Edition, Appleton and lange, U. S. A., 467 pages. ISHIM 2011-2012 45
Oral Hygiene and Miswak: in the Light of Graeco- Islamic Medicine Ahsan ILAH*, M. Saad A. KHAN**, Q. Hasan LARI*** * Ahsan Herbal Care, Venous Tower, Near Jamia Urdu, Medical Road, Aligarh, India. e-mail: ahsanilahiamu@gmail.com **Dept. of T.B. & Respiratory Diseases, JNMC, AMU, Aligarh, India. ***Dept. of Kulliyat, State Takmil-ut-Tibb College, Lucknow, India. Summary Healthy set of teeth is an indicator of good health because oral cavity is the mirror, which reflects general health. General health and oral health are inseparable. Poor oral health can have profound effects on the quality of life and general health can be affected by the infections around the teeth. Eating Pan and Gutkha or other tobacco preparations, excessive alcohol intake, smoking use and poor dietary practices are the common social custom nowadays. They immensely affect the oral health. Therefore, cleaning of mouth is very essential for Hifzan-e-Sehat (preservation of health). Key Words: Oral Hygiene, Miswak, Graeco (Unani)-Islamic Medicine. Introduction Healthy teeth are the responsible of health and they beatify the personality as well [1]. According to Tabri, There are many advantages which can’t be achieved without teeth. For example, when the teeth are fallen, the tongue slips out of limits, the saliva begins to flow out with automation and the words cannot be pronounced properly when someone talks. If the molar teeth are fallen out, the roundness of face is defaced, cheeks became squeezed and the hurdle begins to grow during talking especially in case of hastily talk [2]. Usually mouth harbors millions of microorganisms that, under favorable conditions, can cause infection in oral cavity and surrounding areas. Oral hygiene is highly efficient for the protection health. Poor oral hygiene results in a bad breath which hampers health and personality. Therefore, one should be punctual in using his Miswak. There are a variety of basic norms and principles in the Tib (Unani Medicine) as well as in the Islamic literature, which may be exercised easily by common people to maintain a high standard of oral hygiene. In present paper, we have reviewed the importance of oral hygiene, causes and solution of bad breath, Islamic concept of oral hygiene, role and advantages of Miswak in maintenance of oral hygiene, Different Types and timings of Miswak and few other important norms for teeth/oral cavity which prop up the oral hygiene. Oral Hygiene Oral hygiene means more than good health. It is integral to general health and essential for wellbeing [3]. Eating Pan leaves smeared with lime and with or without tobacco is a common social custom [4]. General health risk factors such as excessive alcohol intake, smoking or other tobacco use and poor dietary practices also affect oral health [3]. After eating food the surface of teeth becomes covered with a layer of sugar in which harmful bacteria grow and multiply. This layer is called plaque. [5] Regular brushing of the teeth, twice a day and flossing will prevent the deposition of plaque [6]. The bacteria produce substances, which rot the teeth and infect the gums [5]. Dirtiness and decay of teeth results in indigestion which spawns many maladies [7]. This could be avoided by brushing teeth regularly after meal [5]. Bad Breath Usually the bed smell of mouth is the result of poor hygienic condition of teeth and constipation [6,8]. Smoking 46 ISHIM 2011-2012
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Procedure of Manuscript Study in Po
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The Developments on the Use of Misv
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Genetic Recessiveness and Genetic C
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A Study of an Arabic Manuscript ‘
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The Curing Power of the Old Thermal
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The Curing Power of the Old Thermal
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Hijamat (Cupping therapy) and Gynae
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The American Hospital in Gaziantep,
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Hijamah (Cupping): A Graeco-Islamic
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The Relation between Times Progress
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The Relation between Times Progress
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History of Hijamat Mohd NAYAB 1 , M
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History of Hijamat Mohd NAYAB, Mohd
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History of Hijamat Mohd NAYAB, Mohd
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Meeting of the Executive Board of d
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Namal.This congress was made with t
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ISHIM Executive Committee Members
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Prof. Dr. Aysegul Demirhan Erdemir
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