Lung function measurements in children - copsac

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"Loops" on the screen showed the relation between pressure (or volume) (x-axis) and flow (y-axis) i.e. the pressure driving the air flow in and out of the lungs. sRaw was estimated from the inclination of these loops using the line between points of maximum pressure (sRaw TOT ). Technically acceptable loops were chosen as those that were "closed" in the middle. "Open" loops normally indicated insufficient BTPS correction. The loops assumed a straight line with a tendency to an S-shape, and symmetric around the inclination (Figure 2) (56). Figure 2: sRaw loops in a 3 year old healthy child 14
Low sRaw reflected as steep loops. The inclinations of the loops were "lying" down with rising resistance (Figure 3). Figure 3: sRaw loops before and after provocation in a young child with asthma BTPS correction was done automatically by the software when the result was analyzed. sRaw measurement was assessed during regular breathing free of artefacts caused by e.g. swallowing, vocalization, coughing or leakage around the facemask, which could be detected as abnormal (open or asymmetric) loops on the on-line display. The decision to whether accept or reject a measurement was immediately done after the measurement by the observer. sRaw from one run was calculated as the median value of at least five technically satisfactory loops with similar configuration and inclination (10-12). In the center agreement study each of the seven children performed in total six runs. The local operator made the two first runs, and then switched the operator to PP which made two runs and finally did two runs with the local operator again. In the normative study duplicate measurements (two runs) were done by a local observer. Statistical analyses SAS version 9.1 was used for statistical analyses. Study I: We used ANOVA with unbalanced block design to analyze differences due to center, child, center specific observer, accompanying observer (PP) and age of the child. 15
Page 1: Lung function measurements in child
Page 4 and 5: Contents Acknowledgements .........
Page 6 and 7: Acknowledgements The thesis was wri
Page 8 and 9: Introduction Symptoms of chronic re
Page 10 and 11: pulmonary function test obtained by
Page 12 and 13: I. Accuracy of Wholebody Plethysmog
Page 14 and 15: Methods Designs Study I: Six center
Page 18 and 19: We included age in the analysis of
Page 20 and 21: Normative data (study I) Mean sRaw
Page 22 and 23: Additional results sRaw measurement
Page 24 and 25: After correcting the factory settin
Page 26 and 27: Normative data In the second part o
Page 28 and 29: II. -III. Lung function measurement
Page 30 and 31: of a diagnosis of asthma: Frequent
Page 32 and 33: Figure 8: Familial predisposition t
Page 34 and 35: Total twins 12.349 twin pairs Born
Page 36 and 37: Methods Designs Study II: Hospital
Page 38 and 39: Children less than 7 years were tes
Page 40 and 41: Ethics The two studies were approve
Page 42 and 43: FEV 0.5 (ml) Table 4: Baseline char
Page 44 and 45: lung symptoms, 19% said it was the
Page 46 and 47: symptoms in response to verified RS
Page 48 and 49: epigenetic factors. Acute environme
Page 50 and 51: detection changes in lung function
Page 52 and 53: that small airways were not the dis
Page 54 and 55: onciolitis. There is an increasing
Page 56 and 57: further studies are needed to inves
Page 58 and 59: Summary The Ph.D. thesis is based o
Page 60 and 61: Danish summary (Dansk resumé) Denn
Page 62 and 63: References Reference List (1) Lum S
Page 64 and 65: (25) Aurora P, Gustafsson P, Bush A
Page 66 and 67:
(50) Klug B, Bisgaard H. Repeatabil
Page 68 and 69:
(76) Meissner HC. Economic impact o
Page 70 and 71:
(101) Young S, Arnott J, O'Keeffe P
Page 72 and 73:
(125) Bisgaard H, Hermansen MN, Lol
Page 74 and 75:
(151) Walton RP, Johnston SL. Role
Page 76 and 77:
disease in otherwise healthy infant
Page 78 and 79:
changes in asthma control. Am J Res
Page 81:
Paper I
Page 84 and 85:
CHEST Original Research Accuracy of
Page 86 and 87:
Figure 1. Center agreement study: l
Page 88 and 89:
observer as well as a common observ
Page 90 and 91:
sRaw (kPa*s) Figure 1 Online: Cente
Page 93 and 94:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 95 and 96:
54 55 56 57 INTRODUCTION Respirator
Page 97 and 98:
97 98 99 100 Lung function test Chi
Page 99 and 100:
141 142 143 144 Mean gestational ag
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186 187 188 189 190 The discordant
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232 233 234 235 236 237 viruses and
Page 105 and 106:
278 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 279 280 281 282
Page 107 and 108:
335 336 (21) Bisgaard H, Nielsen KG
Page 109 and 110:
394 395 396 (42) Wu P, Dupont WD, G
Page 111 and 112:
455 456 457 (64) Bisgaard H, Herman
Page 113 and 114:
488 489 Table 1: Comparison of clin
Page 115:
Paper III
Page 118 and 119:
Abstract Background: Two-three perc
Page 120 and 121:
RA 08 TSM 133; Respiratory Care Cen
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prospectively if baseline lung func
Page 124 and 125:
who do not develop RSV bronchioliti
Page 126 and 127:
Acknowledgements We thank all the c
Page 128 and 129:
(24) ATS/ERS statement: raised volu
Page 130 and 131:
(53) Stein RT, Sherrill D, Morgan W
Page 132 and 133:
Figure 1: Flow chart COPSAC cohort
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