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Contents
xiii
19.4.1 Adsorption of Cations 502
19.4.2 Interactions With Anions and
Negatively Charged Species 504
19.4.3 Adsorption and Release of Water
and Carbon Dioxide 505
19.4.4 Stabilisation of Soil Carbon 507
19.4.5 Use in Composite Materials 509
19.5 Summary and Perspectives 510
20. Transformation of Engineered Nanostructures in
the Natural Environment 517
Priyanka Bhattacharya, Emppu Salonen, and Pu Chun Ke
20.1 Introduction 518
20.2 Fullerenes Transformed by Phenolic
Compounds 519
20.2.1 C 70 –GA Assembly — An Experimental
Study 520
20.2.2 C 70 –GA Assembly — A Simulation Study 521
20.3 Carbon Nanostructures Transformed by
NOM/Humic Acids 523
20.3.1 Carbon Nanotubes Transformed by
Humic Acids — Experiment 524
20.3.2 Carbon Nanotubes Transformed by
Humic Acids — Simulations 525
20.4 Nanostructures Transformed in Plants 528
20.4.1 Biodistribution of Fullerene–NOM in
Rice Plants 529
20.4.2 Translocation of Fullerene and Fullerol
Across Allium cepa Cells 532
20.5 Quantum Dots Adsorption on Algal
Photosynthesis 537
20.6 Summary 540
Index 545