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Contents
ix
10. Nanoscale Magnetoreceptors in Birds 273
Ilia A. Solov’yov and Walter Greiner
10.1 Introduction 273
10.2 Theoretical Methods 275
10.2.1 Micromagnetic Computation 275
10.2.2 Structure Relaxation Procedure 278
10.3 Results and Discussion 279
10.4 Conclusion 286
11. Nucleation and Growth of Biomaterials:
The Role of Simulations for Understanding 295
J.H. Harding, C.L. Freeman, D. Quigley and P.M. Rodger
11.1 Ab initio Calculations and Force-Fields 297
11.2 Simulations and the Nucleation of
Biomaterials 298
11.3 Control of Crystal Growth by Molecules
and Arrays 301
11.4 Aggregation of Nanoparticles and Coarse
Graining 304
11.5 Conclusions and Prospect 305
12. Photonic Crystals in Beetles 313
Ainsley E. Seago and Vinodkumar Saranathan
12.1 Introduction 313
12.2 Photonic Crystals 314
12.2.1 Optics of Photonic Crystals 314
12.2.2 Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystals 315
12.3 Photonic Crystals in Coleoptera 316
12.3.1 Structure and Morphology of Beetle
Photonic Crystals 316
12.3.2 Photonic Crystals in Weevils 317
12.3.3 Photonic Crystals in Longhorn Beetles 317
12.4 Development and Evolution 318
12.4.1 Development of Photonic Crystals in
Coleoptera 318
12.4.2 Evolutionary Origins 319
12.4.3 Adaptive Significance 321
12.5 Summary 322