World Congress of Malacology Antwerp ... - Unitas Malacologica

The limited number of taxa sampled suggest there is a trend between gliding behaviour and
gonochorism. The inclusion of more taxa in the analysis is needed to further investigate the
relationship between dispersal behaviour and sexual reproductive modes.
Effect of piperaceae extracts on Schistosomiasis vector Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)
Rapado, L.N. 1 ; Kato, M.J. 2 ; Kawano, T. 1
1. Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo, Brazil,
Email: ludmila@butantan.gov.br; toshie@butantan.gov.br
2. Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Fundamental, USP, São Paulo, Brazil,
Email: majokato@iq.usp.br
Schistosomiasis is a disease that occurs in 54 countries, mainly in South America, Caribbean Region,
Africa and east Mediterranean. Currently five to six million Brazilian people are infected and thirty
thousand are under infection risk. This disease is associated to the lack of basic sanitation and
polluted water used in agriculture, housework and leisure. One of the most efficient methods for its
control is the application of molluscicides which eliminates or reduces the population of the
intermediate host snail. Studies on extracts with molluscicides effects obtained from plants have been
stimulated by issues such as environmental preservation, high cost and recurrent resistance of the
snail to synthetic molluscicides. The aim of this study is to determine the molluscicide action of the
crude extracts obtained from Piperaceae species on adult and embryonic stages of the snail
Biomphalaria glabrata. Twenty different extracts prepared from eighteen Piperaceae species were
obtained from stems, leaves and roots. The extracts were screened on snails in two different
concentrations (500 ppm and 100 ppm) and those causing 100% mortality at 100 ppm concentration
were selected to obtain LC90 (lethal concentration of 90% mortality). Piper aduncum, P.
crassinervium, P. cuyabanum, P. diospyrifolium and P. hostmannianum presented toxic effect with
100% mortality on adult snail at concentrations from 60 to 10 ppm. Active extracts ranging from 60
to 10 ppm were also submitted to different embryogenic stages of B. glabrata and those obtained
from P. cuyabanum and P. hostmannianum showed 100% of ovicidal action at 20 ppm. Thus, further
dereplication procedures of bioactive extracts should be carried out looking at determination of
molluscicide compounds.
Financial support: FAPESP, CNPq
Fresh water mollusks of the Azores: a reappraisal
Raposeiro, Pedro; Costa, Ana C. ; Martins, António M. Frias
CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos – Pólo Açores, e
Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-855 Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal,
Email: raposeiro@notes.uac.pt; accosta@notes.uac.pt; frias@notes.uac.pt
The first studies of the malacofauna of the Azores clearly stated the absence of fresh-water molluscs.
Arthur Morelet, deemed by Wollaston “an exceptionally lucky naturalist”, in his six month
expedition to the archipelago in 1857 registered 69 species of land snails, but remarked the complete
absence of fresh-water molluscs. Milne-Edwards, upon coming ashore in 1885 during his “Talisman”
expedition and failing to find there any fresh-water molluscs, interpreted the fact as evidence that the
Azores were certainly the peaks of a long gone continent, for fresh-water snails, better adapted to low
altitudes, had disappeared with it. However, the first fresh-water species, Physa teneriffae Mousson
[=Physella acuta (Draparnaud)], had been recorded in 1881 by the Azorean malacologist F. Arruda
Furtado and soon after (1887) Jules de Guerne described Pisidium dabney [=Pisidium casertanum
(Poli)] from Faial and ?Hydrobia evanescens from S. Miguel, the latter probably based on embryonic
shells of unknown origin; a year later Simroth recorded a Pisidium fossarinum Clessin [=Pisidium
casertanum] from S. Miguel. E. Fisher-Piette, in 1946, added Ancylus striatus Q. & G. but its
presence in the Azores was never confirmed. Wim Backhuys, in his revision of the land and fresh-
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