SEXUAL ABUSE AND EXPLOITATION OF BOYS IN SOUTH ASIA A ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Despite these challenges, which face government and NGO shelters throughout South Asia, Sri Lanka has some of the best residential care facilities in the region. The Don Bosco Technical Training Centre near Negombo is a regional model for the recovery of boys escaping from sexual exploitation in prostitution. Police, probation and child care services along with courts and NGOs refer abused and sexually exploited boys to the centre, where they receive comprehensive training in carpentry, masonry, welding, auto repair, boat motor repair, computers and other skills, as well as psychological support. Daily life is kind and strict, and the quality of training is superior to that in most technical schools in the country. There is a waiting list of employers seeking to hire boys who graduate from Don Bosco, and the centre has probably the highest success rate in the region for returning sexually exploited boys to normal, productive lives. 463 Other shelters in Sri Lanka also provide a high quality of care, including a home operated in Wellampitiya by the ESCAPE project of LEADS. The staff is highly trained, particularly in counselling and social work, and provide professional services, including case management for child recovery and reintegration. 8.4.8.3 Psychosocial care As in most of South Asia, counselling and therapy in institutional settings in Sri Lanka are not fully developed. The majority of what are termed ‘rehabilitation’ activities are simply provision of basic education and vocational training. 464 Except for vocational training, rehabilitation is generally addressed to boys and girls similarly; activities do not cater to the specific needs of boys or girls. At the same time, due to Sri Lanka’s relatively long focus on child sexual abuse, counsellors, psychologists, doctors and caregivers have greater awareness of the outcomes of sexual abuse and greater experience working with abused children than many of their counterparts in other countries of the region. Interviews with caregivers in government and NGO shelters in Sri Lanka have shown an adequate knowledge of indicators of abuse, including sexualized behaviours. They have also shown little prejudice against sexually abused children or children in prostitution and considerable practical experience in dealing with the abused, including the very young. 465 The Community Health Foundation (Sahana Sevana), in Ja-ela, near Colombo, has a small residential facility for adults and children with mental and physical handicaps, including those suffering from sexual abuse. The organization provides counselling and experiential rehabilitation activities, including innovative therapies with very young children who have suffered sexual abuse. SERVE and PEACE provide trained counsellors and social workers in their programmes for abused children, and the Family Rehabilitation Centre in Colombo provides therapy for adults and children by both counsellors and psychologists. LEADS/ESCAPE, with the support of Save the Children, established a therapy centre in 1997. It provides therapy for abused children and trains caregivers, teachers and parents to 463 Frederick, J., 2000, ‘Teaching the boys hard skills: The Don Bosco Technical Centre’. In Frederick, J. (ed). ‘Fallen Angels: The sex workers of South Asia’. 464 International Labour Organization (S. Amarasinghe), 2002, op.cit. 465 Frederick, J., 2002, Independent observation of government and NGO shelters during consultancy for ILO. 146
identify signs of child sexual abuse and take preventive action. LEADS provides professional counselling and social work services to children through its district programmes and at its shelter for abused children in Wellampitiya. An innovative project for psychosocial health for school children was conducted by Plan International in consultation with Child Helpline International following the 2004 tsunami. ‘Happy-Sad letter’ boxes were put in 68 schools in the tsunami-affected districts, in which children could post confidential letters expressing their views, questions and concerns. Sexual abuse was among the topics that children most wanted to discuss in confidence. Schools received support to address the concerns expressed by the children. Assessment of the activity showed more interventions against sexual abuse and reduced depression and enhanced mental health among the children. 147
Page 1 and 2:
UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre In
Page 3 and 4:
UNICEF INNOCENTI RESEARCH CENTRE Th
Page 5 and 6:
Sexual Abuse and Exploitation of Bo
Page 7 and 8:
Contents 1. INTRODUCTION...........
Page 9 and 10:
INTRODUCTION Across South Asia and
Page 11 and 12:
1.2 Definitions While acknowledging
Page 13 and 14:
oys in the home, community, institu
Page 15 and 16:
general, adolescent girls are thoug
Page 17 and 18:
accountable for their actions, blam
Page 19 and 20:
sexual abuse is reported to be prev
Page 21 and 22:
abuse. 49 Death and abduction of pa
Page 23 and 24:
eaches puberty. Such boys may be at
Page 25 and 26:
knowledge of the intermediate situa
Page 27 and 28:
2.0 SOUTH ASIA OVERVIEW 2.1 Researc
Page 29 and 30:
have long experience working with a
Page 31 and 32:
exploitation. The legal definition
Page 33 and 34:
Afghanistan’s National Plan of Ac
Page 35 and 36:
strengthen family and community pro
Page 37 and 38:
constraints with the intention of i
Page 39 and 40:
3.0 COUNTRY PROFILE: AFGHANISTAN 3.
Page 41 and 42:
Afghanistan. Traditionally, boys ar
Page 43 and 44:
unravel from cases of children sent
Page 45 and 46:
well as the ‘violation of chastit
Page 47 and 48:
Social Affairs, Martyrs and Disable
Page 49 and 50:
orders. Data collection on the Paki
Page 51 and 52:
trafficked or abused children are l
Page 53 and 54:
4.0 COUNTRY PROFILE: BANGLADESH 4.1
Page 55 and 56:
concerning level of child sexual ab
Page 57 and 58:
As elsewhere in the world, certain
Page 59 and 60:
female children in prostitution are
Page 61 and 62:
control the areas where the boys wo
Page 63 and 64:
In general, the country’s legisla
Page 65 and 66:
children from the sexual violence i
Page 67 and 68:
NPA was facilitated by an advisory
Page 69 and 70:
4.4 Programme Responses 4.4.1 Child
Page 71 and 72:
children living on the street. In i
Page 73 and 74:
4.4.7 Addressing exploitation in tr
Page 75 and 76:
5.0 COUNTRY PROFILE: INDIA 5.1 Rese
Page 77 and 78:
living on the street or on boys sex
Page 79 and 80:
times, these traditions have eroded
Page 81 and 82:
interviewed in the study stated tha
Page 83 and 84:
The Immoral Traffic Prevention Act
Page 85 and 86:
assault’, which covers additional
Page 87 and 88:
esidences with persons not related
Page 89 and 90:
institutions. However, the NPAC has
Page 91 and 92:
The Sangath Centre for Child Develo
Page 93 and 94:
tourism operators, including airlin
Page 95 and 96:
negotiation and protection from sex
Page 97 and 98:
6.1.2 Knowledge base The knowledge
Page 99 and 100:
the boys and one-quarter of the gir
Page 101 and 102:
situations such as domestic labour
Page 103 and 104: fondling. 285 While an ‘unnatural
Page 105 and 106: person “shall be deemed to have c
Page 107 and 108: The NPA does not address linkages b
Page 109 and 110: programmes on child rights and chil
Page 111 and 112: The Youth Club in Narayangadh provi
Page 113 and 114: etween males is socially tolerated.
Page 115 and 116: men. Boys cannot get pregnant and a
Page 117 and 118: The extent to which children are ap
Page 119 and 120: Children living on the street the w
Page 121 and 122: Amendment) Act 2006; and the Pakist
Page 123 and 124: woman or animal…’ 354 However,
Page 125 and 126: punishment. 363 The Trafficking Ord
Page 127 and 128: The trafficking NPA is consistent w
Page 129 and 130: LHRLA’s Madadgaar programme raise
Page 131 and 132: children (Nigehban) in divisional h
Page 133 and 134: 8.0 COUNTRY PROFILE: SRI LANKA 377
Page 135 and 136: The development community in Sri La
Page 137 and 138: women. 397 For this reason, prostit
Page 139 and 140: Unlike other countries in South Asi
Page 141 and 142: however, face deep stigma if they a
Page 143 and 144: Section 365(a) of PCA 1995 forbids
Page 145 and 146: an offense to allow a child to ‘r
Page 147 and 148: destination. Thus the law includes
Page 149 and 150: addition, except for local coordina
Page 151 and 152: dangers of sexual abuse and the pen
Page 153: 8.4.8.2 Safe shelter and crisis res
Page 157 and 158: 9.1 Research Prioritize research ac
Page 159 and 160: • Work to harmonize national laws
Page 161 and 162: • There should be mechanisms in p
Page 163 and 164: • Develop interventions to addres
Page 165 and 166: Boyden, J. and de Berry, J. et al.,
Page 167 and 168: Agency Coordinating Body for Afghan
Page 169 and 170: UNICEF Bangladesh (Kabir, R.), 2002
Page 171 and 172: International Labour Organization a
Page 173: World Organisation Against Torture,
show all

SEXUAL ABUSE AND EXPLOITATION OF BOYS IN SOUTH ASIA A ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?