Grass and Fodder Crops - dlf-trifolium
Grass and Fodder Crops - dlf-trifolium
Grass and Fodder Crops - dlf-trifolium
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<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
I N T R O D U C T I O N<br />
Although HF Seeds can trace its roots back for over<br />
a century, the actual HF br<strong>and</strong> was first introduced<br />
to Scottish farmers in the 1960’s. Originally<br />
launched as ‘Hi-Farming’ <strong>and</strong> abbreviated over the<br />
years, HF has earned its rightful place as one of the<br />
UK’s leading seed br<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong> is synonymous with<br />
the highest seed quality, the very best varieties <strong>and</strong><br />
unrivalled performance in terms of productive <strong>and</strong><br />
palatable grass swards.<br />
This strong position <strong>and</strong> technical approach transfers<br />
directly to HF Seeds <strong>and</strong> throughout its long history<br />
the HF br<strong>and</strong> has always been at the forefront of<br />
developments in grass seed technology. Whether it is<br />
the introduction of a new <strong>and</strong> improved variety, the<br />
development of a new mixture to meet a specific<br />
need or simply widening the availability of organic<br />
grass seed, HF’s reputation for turning innovation into<br />
sound agricultural practice is second to none.<br />
The HF total quality philosophy goes much further than just varieties<br />
<strong>and</strong> mixture trials however, <strong>and</strong> extends as far as the farm gate <strong>and</strong><br />
the end user. All HF products are backed by a country-wide<br />
network of in-house seed specialists <strong>and</strong> experienced distributors<br />
who are capable of offering technical help <strong>and</strong> advice on all aspects<br />
of mixture selection <strong>and</strong> establishment.<br />
HF mixtures transformed grass yields when first introduced in the late 1960’s <strong>and</strong> are<br />
still amongst the highest yielding grass mixtures available today.<br />
Now part of DLF Trifolium, one of the world’s largest grass seed<br />
companies, HF Seeds has access to greater technical <strong>and</strong> commercial<br />
resources than ever before. Based in Denmark, where the coastal<br />
climate is particularly well suited to producing grass seed, DLF<br />
Trifolium has over 100 years experience in plant breeding <strong>and</strong> seed<br />
production <strong>and</strong> currently has Europe’s largest research <strong>and</strong><br />
development programme to breed new <strong>and</strong> improved grass <strong>and</strong><br />
clover varieties. This commitment to producing new genetic<br />
material to meet the challenges of modern agriculture has resulted<br />
in DLF Trifolium having significantly more grass <strong>and</strong> clover varieties<br />
on UK Recommended Lists than any of its competitors.<br />
Modern trialling techniques <strong>and</strong> hi-tech machinery ensure that both yield <strong>and</strong> forage<br />
quality are maintained in HF mixtures.<br />
Contents<br />
3 The Case for <strong>Grass</strong><br />
4 Mixture Design<br />
5 Forage Quality<br />
6 The Clover Story<br />
7 White Clover<br />
8 Red Clover<br />
9-10 HF Varieties<br />
11 Mixture Selector<br />
12-18 The Mixtures<br />
19-21 Overseeding<br />
22-23 Organics<br />
24 Forage Herbs<br />
25 Stewardship Mixtures<br />
26 Other <strong>Crops</strong><br />
27-28 Root <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
29-31 Game <strong>Crops</strong><br />
2
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
T H E C A S E F O R G R A S S<br />
Once again the whole agricultural scene has changed dramatically<br />
<strong>and</strong> certainly over the last two or three years it would seem that the<br />
‘corn’ versus ‘horn’ see-saw has developed a pattern of swinging<br />
from one to the other on an annual basis.The buoyancy of the 2007<br />
cereal market has long since disappeared <strong>and</strong> following a very<br />
difficult harvest cereals have definitely not delivered all that they<br />
promised a year ago. Against this background, <strong>and</strong> with arable input<br />
prices still at record levels, grass <strong>and</strong> livestock have suddenly become<br />
attractive again relative to other cropping options.<br />
Clover is another <strong>and</strong> often untapped resource which can offer the<br />
livestock farmer huge advantages <strong>and</strong> cost savings. Unlocking the<br />
benefits of Clover are examined in much greater detail on pages 6<br />
<strong>and</strong> 7 of this catalogue but a good level of Clover in the sward not<br />
only offers a substantial improvement in feed value <strong>and</strong> forage<br />
quality but it will also contribute up to 160 units of nitrogen per acre<br />
annually completely free of charge.<br />
In the current financial climate there is no doubt that the main<br />
influence affecting margins in all sectors of the agricultural industry is<br />
the rapidly rising cost of inputs which continues to erode any gains<br />
in end product prices. Fortunately although the livestock sector is<br />
not immune from escalating input prices, it is potentially less<br />
dependent on purchased inputs than the arable sector <strong>and</strong> has the<br />
ability to reduce costs through greater self-sufficiency <strong>and</strong> more<br />
production from forage.<br />
As always greater self-sufficiency on the livestock farm begins with<br />
better grass leading to increased stocking rates <strong>and</strong> the possibility of<br />
freeing acres for other forage or even arable crops. It also means<br />
exploiting the benefits of clover to reduce fertiliser bills. These<br />
messages have not changed over the years but have simply been<br />
brought into sharper focus by escalating nitrogen <strong>and</strong> other input<br />
costs.<br />
Maximising the potential from grass means maintaining a high<br />
proportion of productive species within the sward <strong>and</strong><br />
unfortunately all too often because natural grasses are also green,<br />
falls in the percentage of sown species go unnoticed with a dramatic<br />
effect on production levels. The graph below shows the typical<br />
decline in sown grasses with age which, if left unchecked, can easily<br />
transfer into a 50% yield reduction by the time a sward is 7 or 8<br />
years old.<br />
Natural<br />
Sown<br />
Both increased Clover levels <strong>and</strong> a high proportion of sown grasses<br />
can be achieved by the obvious method of starting again with a full<br />
reseed but also by overseeding existing pastures (see pages 19 –<br />
21). The chosen method however will depend on the condition of<br />
the existing grass as some swards may have deteriorated to the<br />
point where they are beyond the stage of rejuvenation by<br />
overseeding.<br />
Whether contemplating a full reseed or overseeding existing<br />
pastures in 2009, the key to successful establishment <strong>and</strong> subsequent<br />
production lies in ensuring that the mixture is designed to meet the<br />
required objective. This begins with seed quality in terms of purity<br />
<strong>and</strong> germination <strong>and</strong> extends as far as the mixture design <strong>and</strong> the<br />
selection of individual varieties which will perform at the highest<br />
level. All HF mixtures are formulated using the very best varieties<br />
sourced at the highest quality st<strong>and</strong>ards <strong>and</strong> are designed to ensure<br />
that the investment in quality is repaid many times over the life of<br />
the sward.<br />
%<br />
100<br />
80<br />
60<br />
40<br />
20<br />
‘We have made a determined effort to<br />
increase clover levels in our grass over the last<br />
few years <strong>and</strong> the results we have been<br />
getting with HF mixtures have been<br />
tremendous. They always establish well with<br />
masses of clover <strong>and</strong> despite cutting back on<br />
fertiliser we still have a job to keep on top of<br />
the amount of grass they produce.’<br />
Graham <strong>and</strong> Jimmy Sinclair, Crookston Farm,<br />
Heriot, Midlothian (Seed supplied by R H Miller<br />
(Agricultural) Ltd)<br />
0<br />
1 2 3 4 5 to 10 10 to 20 20 +<br />
The percentage of sown species in a sward typically declines with age which<br />
if left unchecked can easily result in a 50% yield reduction within 7 – 8 years<br />
3
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
V A R I E T Y S U P P L Y<br />
M I X T U R E D E S I G N<br />
Good grass mixture design begins with the assessment of individual<br />
variety characteristics <strong>and</strong> then uses this information to combine the<br />
mixture components in different proportions to produce the best<br />
possible mixture for the intended purpose of the final sward.<br />
The characteristics required in a sward <strong>and</strong> the emphasis placed<br />
upon them, depend entirely on the use to which the sward will be<br />
put. For example the early bite required for an early lambing flock<br />
will be a positive disadvantage for dairy turnout in late April <strong>and</strong> the<br />
open sward the organic farmer needs for clover survival will not suit<br />
intensive grazing on wet, heavy l<strong>and</strong>. Many of the different sward<br />
characteristics included in HF design are listed below<br />
■<br />
■<br />
■<br />
■<br />
Total annual <strong>and</strong> seasonal yield<br />
Maturity <strong>and</strong> heading date<br />
Sward purpose <strong>and</strong> management regime<br />
The need for early spring growth<br />
■<br />
■<br />
■<br />
■<br />
■<br />
■<br />
■<br />
■<br />
Overall sugar yield<br />
Forage quality <strong>and</strong> digestibility<br />
Animal intake factors including sward structure<br />
<strong>and</strong> palatability<br />
Clover content<br />
Disease resistance<br />
Sward density<br />
Persistency<br />
Winter hardiness<br />
Although many of the above criteria are included to meet specific<br />
farm enterprises or circumstances <strong>and</strong> are not applicable in every<br />
case, there is little doubt that with escalating input prices creating the<br />
need for even greater self-sufficiency, total yield will be of paramount<br />
importance on almost every farm. Maximising grass yields always has<br />
been <strong>and</strong> continues to be, a mainstay of HF mixture design as can be<br />
seen in the table below which shows the latest yield figures of six HF<br />
varieties expressed as a percentage of control on both the 2008/09<br />
SAC Scottish Recommended List <strong>and</strong> the BSPB 2008/09<br />
Recommended List for Engl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Wales.<br />
This independent assessment of the annual yields of six HF varieties<br />
clearly shows that yield benefits of around 5% are perfectly<br />
achievable by using the best varieties. Simple arithmetic using 2009<br />
prices can convert this yield benefit into a clear <strong>and</strong> substantial<br />
financial gain of at least £6 per acre per year for each 1% of<br />
additional yield.Thus the 5% yield benefit shown by HF varieties over<br />
other lower yielding varieties, translates into a financial gain of around<br />
£30 per acre per year or £150 over the life of a five year ley.<br />
This calculation of course, only reflects the additional yield potential<br />
of an HF mixture relative to many of its competitors <strong>and</strong> the financial<br />
benefit of replacing a tired worn-out sward containing a low<br />
proportion of sown species with an HF mixture is enormous. A<br />
sward containing only 50% Perennial Ryegrass will produce 8 - 10<br />
tonnes of silage per acre less each year than a reseed containing a<br />
high proportion of sown species.<br />
SAC Scottish BSPB Recommended<br />
Recommended List List for Engl<strong>and</strong><br />
& Wales<br />
Cutting<br />
Yield<br />
% of<br />
control<br />
Grazing<br />
Yield<br />
% of<br />
control<br />
Cutting<br />
Yield<br />
% of<br />
control<br />
Grazing<br />
Yield<br />
% of<br />
control<br />
MAGICIAN<br />
103<br />
103<br />
106<br />
105<br />
GREENGOLD<br />
98<br />
105<br />
103<br />
107<br />
GLENSTAL<br />
102<br />
103<br />
107<br />
109<br />
FOXTROT<br />
PASTOUR<br />
102<br />
104<br />
108<br />
109<br />
101<br />
101<br />
105<br />
104<br />
The difference between an old sward with a low proportion of sown grasses on the right<br />
<strong>and</strong> a new reseed on the left can be as much as 10 tonnes of silage per acre each year<br />
4<br />
GLENCAR<br />
108<br />
101<br />
107<br />
103
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
V A R I E T Y S U P P L Y<br />
F O R A G E Q U A L I T Y<br />
The achievement of top quality <strong>and</strong> palatable forage whether for<br />
cutting or grazing makes a huge difference to animal performance<br />
<strong>and</strong> therefore HF variety evaluation <strong>and</strong> mixture design must also<br />
take into account the many factors which ultimately affect forage<br />
quality ranging from D-value <strong>and</strong> growth habit right through to sugar<br />
content <strong>and</strong> disease resistance.<br />
The benefit of high D-value forage is clearly recognised by most<br />
farmers <strong>and</strong> independent trials have shown that on average, each<br />
additional unit of D-value produces an extra 1.5% more milk, 5%<br />
extra LWG in beef cattle <strong>and</strong> up to 10% extra LWG in sheep. In<br />
financial terms these benefits translate into each additional unit of<br />
D-value being worth £9 per acre per year in terms of the additional<br />
meat or milk produced. HF’s emphasis on quality <strong>and</strong> the use of<br />
high D-value varieties like Bree, Orantas, Calibra, Pastour, Romark<br />
<strong>and</strong> Meba ensures good digestibility in the final sward <strong>and</strong> improved<br />
animal performance <strong>and</strong> profitability as a result.<br />
Other factors which must be included in the assessment of overall<br />
forage quality are sugar content <strong>and</strong> palatability. Both HF trials <strong>and</strong><br />
other independent research work have shown that some grass<br />
varieties yield higher levels of sugar than others leading to greater<br />
palatability, improved animal intake <strong>and</strong> faster, more efficient<br />
conversion of food into meat or milk. Higher sugar levels in grass also<br />
allow rapid fermentation in the silage pit enhancing the quality <strong>and</strong><br />
feeding value of the conserved crop.<br />
The results of this trial work have clearly shown that it is the total<br />
quantity of sugar produced per acre <strong>and</strong> its availability to the animal<br />
which is important <strong>and</strong> that this is influenced by many different<br />
factors including the total dry matter yield, the digestibility of that dry<br />
matter <strong>and</strong> how the sward is presented to the grazing animal.<br />
The principles established in these trials have allowed HF Seeds to<br />
introduce the concept of SugarMax, an approved st<strong>and</strong>ard for<br />
sugar production. Mixtures endorsed with the SugarMax stamp<br />
have been specially designed to maximise both the amount of sugar<br />
produced per acre <strong>and</strong> its availability to the animal leading to<br />
improved livestock performance as a result.<br />
‘We’ve been using HF mixtures for many years<br />
<strong>and</strong> are always delighted at the rate of<br />
establishment <strong>and</strong> the consistently high<br />
production they give us. It is critical that there<br />
is a good thick sward as we have a lot of ewes<br />
<strong>and</strong> are now keeping the spring calving cows<br />
outside as well. HF grass seed doesn’t let us<br />
down.’ Cameron McIver, Wester Coltfield Farm,<br />
Alves, Forres, Morayshire (Seed supplied by<br />
Scotgrain Agriculture Ltd)<br />
A third <strong>and</strong> often ignored variety characteristic which can have a<br />
huge effect on forage quality is disease resistance. <strong>Grass</strong> foliar<br />
diseases can seriously reduce both yield <strong>and</strong> palatability <strong>and</strong> diseases<br />
like Mildew <strong>and</strong> Crown Rust are increasingly becoming a major<br />
problem in grass crops throughout the country. Crown Rust is a very<br />
serious grass disease <strong>and</strong> is particularly damaging in organic <strong>and</strong><br />
other low input situations where clover acts as the main source of<br />
nitrogen.<br />
As chemical fungicides are generally not cost effective on grass <strong>and</strong><br />
are obviously not even an option to organic farmers, the only<br />
solution to potentially damaging foliar diseases is to incorporate<br />
disease resistance into the sward. Recognising the importance of<br />
grass diseases, HF variety evaluation includes an assessment of<br />
disease resistance <strong>and</strong> in particular to Crown Rust, with resistant<br />
varieties like Pastour, Romark, Foxtrot, Delphin <strong>and</strong> Polim helping to<br />
maintain both yield <strong>and</strong> forage quality.<br />
Crown Rust is increasingly becoming a major problem in grass crops<br />
5
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong> T H E C L O V E R S T O R Y<br />
Clover <strong>and</strong> particularly White Clover, has always been an important component in UK grass mixtures but there is little<br />
doubt that with current fertiliser prices, increasing clover levels in grass swards will be one of the main talking points<br />
on livestock farms in 2009.<br />
Although there are many clover species available including Alsike, Crimson <strong>and</strong> Yellow Blossom Clover, these tend to have niche uses <strong>and</strong><br />
the two species in greatest use on UK farms are White Clover (Trifolium repens) <strong>and</strong> Red Clover (Trifolium pratense).Although both species<br />
share the same name, each has very different characteristics, uses <strong>and</strong> production potential. Despite these differences however, they both<br />
offer similar benefits to the farmer by providing high quality, protein rich forage <strong>and</strong> a means of reducing or even completely eliminating the<br />
need for nitrogen fertiliser through a process unique to clover plants called nitrogen fixation.<br />
K E Y B E N E F I T S O F C L O V E R<br />
Nitrogen Fixation<br />
Both Red <strong>and</strong> White Clover form a mutually beneficial relationship<br />
with a naturally occurring soil bacterium called Rhizobium which<br />
colonises the roots of the clover plant in small growths or nodules.<br />
The Rhizobium bacteria in these nodules have the ability to take in<br />
or ‘fix’ nitrogen from the air <strong>and</strong> to convert into a form which can<br />
then be utilised for plant growth.<br />
As a rough guide, although the amount of nitrogen fixed is directly<br />
proportional to the level of clover in the sward, a good clover <strong>and</strong><br />
grass sward has the ability to produce the equivalent of up to 160<br />
units N/acre/year (200 kgs N/ha/year).<br />
Increased Intake<br />
Clover is very palatable <strong>and</strong> animals will eat more of a grass <strong>and</strong><br />
clover sward than they will of a grass only sward.<br />
Better Livestock Performance<br />
The combination of clover’s higher feed value <strong>and</strong> increased intake<br />
ensures substantial improvements in animal performance when<br />
compared to grass only swards.<br />
Forage Quality<br />
Although the immediate attraction of clover to most farmers lies in<br />
its nitrogen fixing ability, the inclusion of clover in a sward also<br />
substantially improves forage quality <strong>and</strong> consequently animal<br />
performance.<br />
The digestibility of clover is considerably higher than grass <strong>and</strong> its D-<br />
value declines at a much slower rate than Ryegrass as the season<br />
progresses. In addition the crude protein level in clover is<br />
approximately 50% higher than grass of equivalent digestibility <strong>and</strong><br />
clovers generally have significantly higher contents of many of the<br />
major <strong>and</strong> minor minerals.<br />
6
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
W H I T E C L O V E R<br />
White Clover is less productive then Red but it is much<br />
more persistent <strong>and</strong> is therefore used in medium to long<br />
term mixtures. Its leaves <strong>and</strong> flowers originate from<br />
creeping stems called stolons which grow very close to the<br />
ground giving them protection from even hard grazing.<br />
These stolons play a vitally important part in both clover<br />
production <strong>and</strong> persistence.<br />
The ideal grass <strong>and</strong> White Clover sward is one where the clover<br />
content is sufficiently large to optimise both its nutritional <strong>and</strong> nitrogen<br />
fixing abilities but which at the same time allows a high yield from the<br />
companion grasses.Typically this would average at around 30% of the<br />
annual sward yield but the clover content will vary seasonally from as<br />
little as 5% in the spring to as much as 60% in mid <strong>and</strong> late summer.<br />
Vigorous stolon growth is essential for good clover production <strong>and</strong> persistence<br />
The following table shows the typical quality characteristics of White Clover compared to Perennial Ryegrass<br />
White Clover<br />
Perennial Ryegrass<br />
Digestibility (D-value) 75 – 85 65 – 75<br />
Crude Protein (%) 25 – 28 16 – 18<br />
Dry Matter intake by sheep (kg DM / day) 1.9 1.4<br />
Calcium content (%) 1.6 0.6<br />
Phosphorous content (%) 0.18 0.16<br />
Copper (parts per million) 10.0 6.5<br />
Selenium (parts per 100 million) 0.6 0.2<br />
The three most important factors in achieving the optimum clover content in a sward are as follows:<br />
Good Establishment<br />
Whether White Clover is being sown as part of a new reseed or<br />
overseeded into an existing pasture, the key to unlocking its full benefits<br />
begins with successful establishment.The optimum soil pH is 5.8 – 6.5<br />
<strong>and</strong> clover has a relatively high dem<strong>and</strong> for phosphate <strong>and</strong> potash.<br />
Sowing rates should be around 1.0 – 1.5 kgs/acre (7% - 10% of the<br />
mixture by weight) <strong>and</strong> it should be sown shallowly into a firm, fine<br />
seedbed. Mixtures containing White Clover can be sown throughout<br />
the year but summer reseeds should be completed in time to allow<br />
stolons to develop before the onset of winter.<br />
Selection of the Correct Companion <strong>Grass</strong>es<br />
White Clover is essentially a poor competitor with grass <strong>and</strong> as the<br />
stolons are very dependent on light for their growth <strong>and</strong> development,<br />
tall open grasses are much more suitable as companion grasses than<br />
denser varieties. Thus the Tetraploid Perennials with their tall open<br />
growth habit <strong>and</strong> high yields are the ideal companion grasses to allow<br />
White Clover to thrive. In addition the high sugar content of Tetraploid<br />
grasses provides the ideal balance to the forage analysis of clover.<br />
Matching Clover Types <strong>and</strong> Varieties to Sward Use<br />
White Clovers are classified into three groups according to their leaf<br />
size <strong>and</strong> to ensure long term clover survival, it is essential to match leaf<br />
size with the intended sward use.<br />
Small Leaved<br />
Small leaved White Clover varieties have a prostrate growth habit <strong>and</strong><br />
are slow to establish but very persistent.They are ideal for close sheep<br />
grazing <strong>and</strong> will tolerate the poorer climatic <strong>and</strong> fertility conditions<br />
typical of upl<strong>and</strong> areas.<br />
Medium Leaved<br />
Medium leaved varieties have a taller<br />
growth habit <strong>and</strong> are best suited to<br />
dual purpose management <strong>and</strong><br />
mixed or cattle grazing. They are<br />
extensively used in dual purpose <strong>and</strong><br />
long term leys. Performance in terms<br />
of yield <strong>and</strong> persistency varies widely<br />
between varieties.<br />
Large Leaved<br />
Large leaved varieties exhibit a tall erect growth habit <strong>and</strong> as a result are<br />
generally less suited to grazing <strong>and</strong> more suited to cutting. Their<br />
aggressive growth helps them to compete successfully with grass in high<br />
input situations <strong>and</strong> they are ideal for medium term cutting mixtures.<br />
There are many different White Clover varieties available within each<br />
leaf size group <strong>and</strong> their performance varies enormously in terms of<br />
yield, seasonality <strong>and</strong> persistency under different management regimes.<br />
It is important to choose a high yielding variety for the obvious benefit<br />
of increased forage production but also because the highest yielding<br />
varieties have the ability to fix the greatest amount of nitrogen. Early<br />
spring growth is also important as slow growth means lower yields <strong>and</strong><br />
less nitrogen fixation in the early part of the season. Lastly good<br />
persistency under different management regimes is essential as the<br />
contribution from clover is dramatically reduced if the clover content is<br />
not maintained at the optimum level.<br />
All the clover types used in HF mixtures are matched to sward use <strong>and</strong><br />
the individual varieties are selected on the basis of these important<br />
criteria. In particular Avoca, HF’s main clover variety shows outst<strong>and</strong>ing<br />
performance in all these important characteristics.<br />
7
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
R E D C L O V E R<br />
Red Clover is one of the highest yielding forage species<br />
available <strong>and</strong> in recent years it has undergone a massive<br />
resurgence in popularity largely due to better varieties,<br />
improved ensiling techniques <strong>and</strong> equipment, increased<br />
dem<strong>and</strong> for greater protein self-sufficiency <strong>and</strong> reduced<br />
dependence on purchased nitrogen fertiliser.<br />
Red Clover is a short-lived perennial plant with a normal lifespan of two<br />
to four years. It has a tufted, upright growth habit from the crown of the<br />
plant which lies at ground level <strong>and</strong> it has a deep tap root. Consequently,<br />
as it does not have the creeping growth habit of White Clover, Red<br />
Clover is unable to spread <strong>and</strong> fill open areas in the sward. Its upright<br />
growth habit from the central crown restricts its use for grazing <strong>and</strong> it is<br />
essentially a crop for silage production which can be cut 3 to 4 times a<br />
year over its life expectancy of 3 full production years.<br />
Red Clover can be grown on its own or in a mixture with suitable<br />
companion grasses.The advantage of using Red Clover in a mixture with<br />
grass rather than on its own, is that the companion grasses provide<br />
protection from damage <strong>and</strong> poaching <strong>and</strong> if high sugar grasses are used,<br />
the nutritional balance <strong>and</strong> ensiling process is much improved.The ideal<br />
companion grasses for Red Clover are the modern Tetraploid Hybrid<br />
Ryegrasses which have a similar lifespan <strong>and</strong> are aggressive enough to<br />
compete in a sward containing a high percentage of Red Clover.<br />
Red Clover Silage Facts<br />
Digestibility 60 – 70%<br />
Dry Matter Yield<br />
10 – 15 t DM/ha (4 – 6 t DM/acre)<br />
Dry Matter Content 25 – 30%<br />
Energy (ME)<br />
10.0 – 11.5 MJ/kg DM<br />
Crude Protein 15 – 20%<br />
Although Red Clover is primarily a cutting species <strong>and</strong> lacks persistency<br />
under grazing, aftermaths can be grazed in the autumn by beef cattle or<br />
fattening lambs, however due to the high oestrogen content of some<br />
varieties, grazing with breeding animals should be avoided.<br />
Red Clover should be sown at 6 – 7 kgs /acre on its own or at 3.5 – 4<br />
kgs/acre when sown with Hybrid Ryegrass (25% of the mixture by<br />
weight).<br />
‘I have been using HF mixtures for as<br />
long as I can remember <strong>and</strong> have never<br />
had any reason to change. They always<br />
establish well <strong>and</strong> produce a great<br />
sward with plenty bulk for cutting or<br />
grazing. With current fertiliser prices I<br />
intend to increase my clover levels <strong>and</strong> I<br />
know HF will be happy to make up a<br />
mix to suit.’ James French, Pitgair Farm,<br />
King Edward,Turriff, Aberdeenshire (Seed<br />
supplied by UAP Ltd)<br />
Red Clover silage is high in protein <strong>and</strong> can significantly reduce the total cost<br />
of protein in animal diets<br />
8
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
H F V A R I E T I E S<br />
All the varieties used in HF mixtures have been<br />
selected on the basis of their performance in trials<br />
throughout the UK. In particular HF Seeds is a<br />
major participant in the schemes to finance the<br />
production of the various UK Recommended Lists<br />
of <strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> Clover varieties. This participation<br />
ensures that HF mixtures benefit from detailed<br />
up-to-date information on the latest varieties.<br />
PERENNIAL RYEGRASS<br />
Perennial Ryegrass is the most widely sown<br />
species in the UK. It forms the basis of most<br />
mixtures because of its combination of useful<br />
characteristics. Perennial Ryegrasses are<br />
grouped together according to their maturity<br />
or heading date.<br />
Early Maturing Varieties<br />
Early Perennial Ryegrass will start to grow up<br />
to two weeks earlier in the spring than later<br />
varieties. They are particularly useful for early<br />
growth for sheep grazing or in specialist silage<br />
mixtures being cut in early to mid May.<br />
DONARD<br />
Donard is an excellent Early Perennial Ryegrass with<br />
very high yields under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing. It has<br />
very good early spring growth <strong>and</strong> exceptionally<br />
good autumn production as well as the highest<br />
midseason digestibility of all the Early Perennials.<br />
Good ground cover <strong>and</strong> resistance to Mildew.<br />
KIMBER<br />
A relatively late heading Early Perennial Ryegrass,<br />
Kimber is high yielding under both managements<br />
combined with good early spring growth <strong>and</strong><br />
excellent forage quality. The main advantage of<br />
Kimber is its late heading date bringing all the benefits<br />
of Early Perennial Ryegrass to later areas where<br />
earlier heading varieties would be unsuitable.<br />
Intermediate Maturing Varieties<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass varieties will<br />
head on average 7 to 10 days later than Early<br />
Perennials. They are high yielding <strong>and</strong> with<br />
their later heading offer greater flexibility of<br />
use making them well suited to a wide range<br />
of grassl<strong>and</strong> enterprises.<br />
BREE<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Used extensively in HF mixtures, Bree is high yielding<br />
<strong>and</strong> particularly suited to grazing management. It has<br />
excellent mid <strong>and</strong> late season growth <strong>and</strong><br />
exceptionally good mid-season D-value.<br />
ORANTAS<br />
An outst<strong>and</strong>ing variety with one of the highest<br />
combined cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing yields of all the<br />
Intermediate Diploid Perennials on UK<br />
Recommended Lists. Orantas also has good<br />
seasonal growth distribution, excellent sward<br />
density <strong>and</strong> very good first cut D-value.<br />
PREMIUM<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Premium is a high yielding variety under both<br />
cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing with very good mid-season<br />
forage quality. Very good ground cover <strong>and</strong><br />
excellent disease resistance.<br />
GREENGOLD (T)<br />
Recommended for use throughout<br />
the UK, Greengold is a high sugar<br />
variety <strong>and</strong> produces very high yields particularly<br />
under grazing. It has very good forage quality <strong>and</strong><br />
grows well throughout the year producing<br />
excellent mid <strong>and</strong> late season yields.<br />
CALIBRA (T)<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Calibra is a high sugar variety showing<br />
very high levels of water soluble carbohydrate per<br />
kg of dry matter produced. It performs equally<br />
well under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing producing<br />
some of the highest yields in its class. Calibra also<br />
has excellent spring growth, very good forage<br />
quality <strong>and</strong> good general disease resistance. An<br />
excellent variety in all the important characters.<br />
MAGICIAN (T)<br />
Magician produces very high yields under both<br />
cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing.With exceptionally good early<br />
spring growth Magician produces very high<br />
grazing yields right though from spring to late<br />
summer <strong>and</strong> is high yielding for both first <strong>and</strong><br />
second cut silage. An excellent dual purpose<br />
variety which makes a valuable contribution to HF<br />
mixture performance.<br />
GLENSTAL (T) New for 2005<br />
Recommended for use throughout the UK,<br />
Glenstal is extremely high yielding under both<br />
cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing with very good spring <strong>and</strong><br />
mid-season growth.<br />
Late Maturing Varieties<br />
On average Late Perennial Ryegrass varieties<br />
head 10 - 14 days later than Intermediate<br />
Perennials. They are characterised by their<br />
more prostrate growth habit <strong>and</strong> provide very<br />
good density in the sward. They are high<br />
yielding with good persistence <strong>and</strong> will last for<br />
many years.<br />
FOXTROT<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
An excellent variety with very<br />
high yields of high sugar forage under both cutting<br />
<strong>and</strong> particularly under grazing. Foxtrot also has<br />
very good seasonal growth distribution producing<br />
high mid-season yields with very good D-value.<br />
PASTOUR<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Recommended for use throughout the UK,<br />
Pastour has very high yields under both<br />
managements. It has good spring growth <strong>and</strong> is<br />
particularly high yielding in mid <strong>and</strong> late summer.<br />
Very good resistance to Crown Rust.<br />
ROMARK<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Romark is particularly suited to grazing where it<br />
produces very high yields.Very good ground cover<br />
<strong>and</strong> excellent mid-season forage quality <strong>and</strong><br />
digestibility. Romark is also very resistant to Crown<br />
Rust.<br />
TIVOLI (T)<br />
(only available as organic)<br />
Tivoli is high yielding under both cutting <strong>and</strong><br />
grazing. It produces good yields of high D-value<br />
forage over 2 cuts <strong>and</strong> maintains grazing quality<br />
throughout the year.<br />
MEBA (T)<br />
A long st<strong>and</strong>ing HF variety included for its unique<br />
quality characteristics, Meba is high yielding with<br />
good early season production, however its main<br />
advantage is excellent forage quality <strong>and</strong> very high<br />
D-value.<br />
GLENCAR (T)<br />
Glencar is recommended for use throughout the<br />
UK <strong>and</strong> is the highest yielding Late Perennial<br />
Ryegrass under conservation on all three<br />
Recommended Lists. It has exceptionally good<br />
early spring growth producing massive first cut<br />
yields at 67D.<br />
DELPHIN (T)<br />
Recommended by all three testing authorities,<br />
Delphin has exceptional early spring growth <strong>and</strong><br />
shows good yields under grazing but is very high<br />
yielding under conservation particularly at first<br />
cut. In addition to its yield benefit, Delphin has<br />
excellent general disease resistance <strong>and</strong> in<br />
particular to Crown Rust receiving one of the<br />
highest ratings in NIAB trials.<br />
POLIM (T)<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
A relatively new variety, Polim is very high yielding<br />
under grazing with very good early spring growth.<br />
It also shows high yields under conservation with<br />
a very high yield at first cut at 67D. Exceptionally<br />
good resistance to Crown Rust.<br />
MAURICE (T)<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
A very late heading Tetraploid Perennial with good<br />
ground cover especially suited to long term<br />
mixtures. Good yields under both cutting <strong>and</strong><br />
grazing which improve over the first three years.<br />
9
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
H F V A R I E T I E S<br />
10<br />
ITALIAN RYEGRASS<br />
Italian Ryegrass is relatively short lived <strong>and</strong> is<br />
therefore only used in one to three year leys.<br />
It has a long growing season <strong>and</strong> produces<br />
heavy crops of hay or silage. Italian has very<br />
good early spring growth <strong>and</strong> combined with<br />
its relatively late heading date, it will<br />
produce a leafy silage cut after early<br />
grazing.<br />
ALAMO<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Alamo is one of the highest yielding Italians on UK<br />
Recommended Lists <strong>and</strong> has good forage quality<br />
relative to other Italian Ryegrass varieties.<br />
MERIBEL<br />
Recommended throughout the UK, Meribel<br />
produces high yields of good quality forage <strong>and</strong><br />
has very good late summer <strong>and</strong> autumn growth.<br />
GEMINI (T)<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Gemini is high yielding with excellent seasonal<br />
growth combining high yields with good forage<br />
quality particularly at first cut.<br />
DANERGO (T)<br />
The latest heading of all the Tetraploid Italians,<br />
Danergo consequently produces very high yields<br />
at first cut at 67D.<br />
HYBRID RYEGRASS<br />
Hybrid Ryegrasses are bred from a cross<br />
between Italian <strong>and</strong> Perennial Ryegrass<br />
parents. The objective is to combine the<br />
production of Italian Ryegrass with the<br />
persistency <strong>and</strong> forage quality of Perennial<br />
Ryegrass <strong>and</strong> recent breeding advances have<br />
produced new varieties with these<br />
characteristics making them an ideal<br />
constituent in leys of up to five years duration.<br />
LIGUNDA<br />
Recommended by all three testing authorities,<br />
Ligunda is very high yielding with outst<strong>and</strong>ing<br />
spring <strong>and</strong> late summer growth.<br />
CITELIAC (T)<br />
Citeliac has very high annual yields under both<br />
conservation <strong>and</strong> grazing. It has excellent early<br />
spring growth leading to a very high yield at first<br />
cut at 67D. Good resistance to both Crown Rust<br />
<strong>and</strong> Mildew.<br />
SOLID (T)<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Solid is a true Perennial type Hybrid producing<br />
high yields with exceptionally good mid-season<br />
digestibility <strong>and</strong> forage quality. Its Perennial<br />
characteristics ensure outst<strong>and</strong>ing persistence <strong>and</strong><br />
sward density. Solid also has excellent general<br />
disease resistance with excellent resistance to<br />
Crown Rust.<br />
STORM (T)<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Storm produces very high yields under<br />
conservation <strong>and</strong> high yields under grazing. It has<br />
very good early spring growth <strong>and</strong> good all round<br />
disease resistance. Storm is specially recommended<br />
for situations where yield is the top priority.<br />
TIMOTHY<br />
Timothy is an under-rated species as it brings<br />
many desirable features to a grass mixture. It<br />
has excellent early spring growth <strong>and</strong> is late<br />
heading producing a large bulk of forage at<br />
first cut. It is very palatable, extremely winter<br />
hardy <strong>and</strong> thrives under cool wet conditions.<br />
Timothy is generally better suited to cutting,<br />
however its early spring growth can be very<br />
useful for early bite.<br />
DOLINA<br />
(also available as organic)<br />
Recommended by all three testing authorities,<br />
Dolina is one of the highest yielding Timothies on<br />
UK Recommended Lists. It performs particularly<br />
well under grazing <strong>and</strong> has excellent early spring<br />
growth <strong>and</strong> very good yield distribution<br />
throughout the growing season.<br />
PROMESSE<br />
Promesse is an excellent Timothy variety with high<br />
yields under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing. However its<br />
main benefits are very good forage quality <strong>and</strong><br />
exceptionally good sward density <strong>and</strong> ground<br />
cover.<br />
COCKSFOOT<br />
Cocksfoot is very persistent <strong>and</strong> deep-rooting<br />
<strong>and</strong> is therefore suited to light gravelly soils<br />
where mid-summer drought may reduce<br />
yields. It is extremely winter hardy with good<br />
early spring growth <strong>and</strong> it also yields well in<br />
late summer <strong>and</strong> autumn. Cocksfoot needs to<br />
be managed tightly in mid-season as it can<br />
become stemmy <strong>and</strong> unpalatable.<br />
SPARTA<br />
A later heading Cocksfoot, Sparta has good<br />
ground cover <strong>and</strong> produces high yields under<br />
grazing. It has good early spring growth <strong>and</strong> has<br />
the highest mid-season digestibility of all the<br />
Cocksfoot varieties.<br />
WHITE CLOVER<br />
White Clover varieties are classified by leaf size.<br />
The smaller leaved varieties have a prostrate<br />
creeping growth habit <strong>and</strong> persist well under<br />
grazing whereas the larger leaved varieties are<br />
more erect <strong>and</strong> better suited to cutting.<br />
RIESLING<br />
A large leaved high yielding variety well suited to<br />
cutting. Riesling has good persistence <strong>and</strong><br />
maintains high yields <strong>and</strong> good ground cover<br />
under cutting management.<br />
AVOCA<br />
Avoca is an outst<strong>and</strong>ing medium leaved variety<br />
recommended by all three testing authorities. It is<br />
extremely high yielding with excellent seasonal<br />
yield distribution <strong>and</strong> particularly good early<br />
spring growth compared to many other clover<br />
varieties. It is also very persistent under both<br />
cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing.<br />
CHIEFTAIN<br />
At the large end of the medium leaved category,<br />
Chieftain is a high yielding variety recommended<br />
for use throughout the UK which performs<br />
particularly well in spring <strong>and</strong> late summer.<br />
With its high yield <strong>and</strong> relatively large leaf size<br />
Chieftain is an excellent dual purpose variety.<br />
ALBERTA<br />
With a leaf size on the borderline between<br />
medium <strong>and</strong> small leaved clovers, Alberta<br />
produces good yields relative to its leaf size. An<br />
excellent general purpose variety with good<br />
ground cover <strong>and</strong> persistency.<br />
RONNY<br />
Ronny is a new small leaved clover variety<br />
producing high yields of clover with good early<br />
spring <strong>and</strong> excellent mid-season growth. Very<br />
persistent under hard grazing.<br />
RED CLOVER<br />
Red Clover is an aggressive <strong>and</strong> very high<br />
yielding but relatively short-lived species with<br />
a maximum life expectancy of around 3<br />
years. It is primarily used in short term<br />
conservation mixtures. Resistance to the<br />
Sclerotinia <strong>and</strong> Stem Eelworm both of which<br />
are very damaging to the persistency<br />
of Red Clover <strong>and</strong> are important factors to<br />
consider in the evaluation of varieties.<br />
RAJAH<br />
(only available as organic)<br />
An intermediate to late flowering variety, Rajah is<br />
a Diploid variety with high yields with good<br />
persistency <strong>and</strong> general disease resistance. Rajah<br />
also shows good resistance to both Sclerotinia<br />
<strong>and</strong> Stem Eelworm.<br />
AMOS<br />
A very high yielding Tetraploid variety with<br />
intermediate earliness. Amos has good general<br />
disease resistance relative to other varieties but<br />
has much better persistency <strong>and</strong> maintains high<br />
yields over a longer period.<br />
MILVUS<br />
High annual yields with good ground cover <strong>and</strong><br />
persistency over three harvest years.<br />
CORVUS<br />
Corvus is a very high yielding <strong>and</strong> later flowering<br />
variety with very good persistence resulting in<br />
better third year yields than many other varieties.
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
M I X T U R E S E L E C T O R<br />
HF mixtures are designed <strong>and</strong> formulated to meet specific sward uses. Significant differences between mixtures are not always obvious but<br />
even small differences can change the way in which the final sward behaves. Selection of the wrong mixture will inevitably mean that the<br />
sward will not perform up to expectations simply because it is the wrong mix for the job.<br />
The HF mixture selector is designed to help answer many of the common questions in mixture selection, however it is not possible to cater<br />
for every situation <strong>and</strong> if in doubt contact HF Seeds for further advice.<br />
Type of Reseed<br />
Organic Conventional Overseeding<br />
New Reseed<br />
<strong>Grass</strong><br />
Rejuvenation<br />
New Reseed<br />
HF Organics<br />
Pages 22-23<br />
HF Organic<br />
Rejuvenator<br />
Page 23<br />
How long<br />
will the mix be down<br />
HF<br />
<strong>Grass</strong>Max<br />
Page 19-21<br />
One to<br />
Two Years<br />
Two to<br />
Four Years<br />
Four to<br />
Eight Years<br />
As long<br />
as possible<br />
HF Bonus<br />
Page 12<br />
HF Surecrop<br />
Page 12<br />
How will it<br />
be used<br />
Height above<br />
Sea Level<br />
Mainly Cutting<br />
Cattle Grazing<br />
Cutting &<br />
Grazing<br />
Hay<br />
Up to<br />
1,000 feet<br />
Over<br />
1,000 feet<br />
HF<br />
Super Graze<br />
Page 15<br />
HF<br />
Scotshay<br />
Page 17<br />
HF PD<br />
Page 15<br />
HF<br />
High Hill<br />
Page 16<br />
First Cut<br />
in May<br />
First Cut<br />
in June<br />
Early Bite<br />
for Sheep<br />
Required<br />
No<br />
Early Bite<br />
Required<br />
HF<br />
Super Silage<br />
Page 14<br />
HF<br />
Cutsward<br />
Page 14<br />
HF<br />
Prospect<br />
Page 13<br />
HF 11<br />
Page 13<br />
For specialist mixtures such as<br />
Horse Paddock <strong>and</strong> Dry L<strong>and</strong> see pages 17 - 18<br />
11
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
T H E M I X T U R E S<br />
ONE TO TWO YEAR MIXTURE<br />
HF<br />
B●NUS<br />
A mixture designed for intensive use <strong>and</strong> maximum yield over two<br />
full production years. Suitable for intensive cutting <strong>and</strong>/or grazing<br />
<strong>and</strong> the st<strong>and</strong>ard mix can be undersown or direct seeded. A Red<br />
Clover inclusion option is available if required but this mix is not<br />
suitable for undersowing.<br />
ALAMO<br />
Italian Ryegrass<br />
LIGUNDA<br />
Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
CITELIAC<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
SOLID<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
GLENSTAL<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GREENGOLD<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 14 KG/ACRE (32 - 35 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Optimum cutting date - first week in June<br />
❚ Massive yield potential from the combination of highest<br />
yielding grasses on UK Recommended Lists<br />
❚ Includes the new Hybrid Ryegrasses, Citeliac <strong>and</strong><br />
Ligunda, both of which bring exceptionally high yields<br />
<strong>and</strong> very good forage quality<br />
❚ Specially formulated with the correct proportions of the<br />
highest yielding varieties for maximum yield <strong>and</strong><br />
persistency over two full production years<br />
❚ Only contains aggressive grass species capable of<br />
establishment <strong>and</strong> survival in a very competitive <strong>and</strong><br />
productive sward. HF trials have shown that slower<br />
growing <strong>and</strong> less aggressive grasses such as<br />
Intermediate Diploid Perennials <strong>and</strong> all types of Late<br />
Perennial will not survive in such a competitive<br />
environment<br />
❚ Exceptional early spring growth from the Italian<br />
<strong>and</strong> Hybrid Ryegrasses particularly Ligunda which<br />
has outst<strong>and</strong>ing early spring growth<br />
❚ Varieties specially selected for forage quality,<br />
palatability <strong>and</strong> mid-season digestibility<br />
❚ Suitable for early bite followed by first cut silage as<br />
relatively late heading <strong>and</strong> good D-values allow delayed<br />
cutting <strong>and</strong> high silage yields at 67D<br />
❚ High Tetraploid content for grazing palatability <strong>and</strong> high<br />
sugar levels for rapid silage fermentation<br />
❚ Red Clover option where the mix is intended primarily<br />
for cutting<br />
HF BONUS - RELIABLE BULK AND QUALITY OVER TWO<br />
YEARS<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
THREE YEAR MIXTURE<br />
HF<br />
A high performance three year mixture including Hybrid <strong>and</strong><br />
Perennial Ryegrasses <strong>and</strong> White Clover. HF Surecrop is suitable for<br />
intensive cutting <strong>and</strong>/or grazing <strong>and</strong> can be either undersown or<br />
direct seeded. A Red Clover inclusion option which is unsuitable for<br />
undersowing is available if required. For optimum performance HF<br />
Surecrop is best grazed in its first year.<br />
LIGUNDA<br />
Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
SOLID<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
CITELIAC<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GLENSTAL<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MAGICIAN<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
HF INTENSIVE CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 14 KG/ACRE (32 - 35 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Optimum cutting date - first week in June<br />
❚ Varieties chosen for their high yields particularly<br />
Ligunda, Citeliac, Orantas, Glenstal <strong>and</strong> Magician all of<br />
which are exceptionally high yielding under both cutting<br />
<strong>and</strong> grazing<br />
❚ Contains Ligunda, a new Hybrid Ryegrass included for<br />
its total yield <strong>and</strong> massive spring growth<br />
❚ Hybrid content gives the production of Italian Ryegrass<br />
<strong>and</strong> the persistency of Perennial<br />
❚ Excellent winter hardiness ensures reliable production<br />
for three full years<br />
❚ Very good early spring growth for high yields at first cut<br />
❚ High Tetraploid content ensures high sugar levels for<br />
rapid silage fermentation <strong>and</strong> grazing palatability<br />
❚ Only contains varieties capable of establishment,<br />
survival <strong>and</strong> high yields in a very productive sward<br />
❚ Good disease resistance improves yield potential<br />
❚ Unique blend of highly productive White Clover varieties<br />
designed to maximise production, herbage quality <strong>and</strong><br />
livestock performance <strong>and</strong> to achieve clover persistence<br />
under intensive management<br />
❚ Red Clover option where the mix is intended primarily<br />
for cutting<br />
HF SURECROP - CONSISTENT HIGH YIELDS FOR CUTTING<br />
OR GRAZING OVER THREE YEARS<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
‘Although I have several<br />
different HF mixtures<br />
in the ground <strong>and</strong> am<br />
very pleased with<br />
them, occasionally I<br />
have been tempted to<br />
try something else but I<br />
have always found that<br />
nothing does as well as<br />
HF. In particular my HF 11 is outst<strong>and</strong>ing <strong>and</strong><br />
performs much better than other mixtures I<br />
have tried <strong>and</strong> it seems that the harder I am<br />
on it the better it does.’ Jake Anderson,<br />
Boginduie Farming Company Ltd, Boginduie,<br />
Aberlour, Banffshire (Seed supplied by Scotgrain<br />
Agriculture Ltd)<br />
HF Prospect being cut by Frank Chester at Bouch House<br />
Farm, Embleton, Cockermouth, Cumbria.<br />
(Seed supplied by Carrs Billington Agriculture Ltd.)<br />
‘I can’t see past HF11<br />
because it is so<br />
versatile <strong>and</strong> it cuts or<br />
grazes equally well.<br />
Recently I have been<br />
getting extra clover<br />
added which not only<br />
helps cut fertiliser costs<br />
but it also dramatically<br />
increases the feed value of the grass crop <strong>and</strong><br />
I have noticed quite a difference both in cattle<br />
health <strong>and</strong> live weight gain throughout the<br />
growing season.’ John Mathieson, Farm Manager,<br />
Dinnet Farms, Aboyne, Aberdeenshire (Seed<br />
supplied by UAP Ltd)<br />
12
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
T H E M I X T U R E S<br />
‘The consistent<br />
quality <strong>and</strong><br />
performance of HF<br />
forage seeds over the<br />
years makes them my<br />
first choice every<br />
time. Sound advice,<br />
high yielding varieties<br />
<strong>and</strong> a professional<br />
approach makes HF a winning mix in more<br />
ways than one.’ Mike Cumming, Lour Farms,<br />
Forfar, Angus (Seed supplied by Frontier<br />
Agriculture Ltd)<br />
‘The establishment of<br />
my HF mixture was<br />
one of the few cheery<br />
things that happened<br />
on our farm in 2008.<br />
Most of the farm is<br />
now down to HF <strong>and</strong> I<br />
can be confident that<br />
no matter how<br />
difficult the conditions are at the time HF<br />
mixtures always establish really well with a<br />
tremendous amount of clover.’<br />
Alistair McAully, Easter <strong>Fodder</strong>lie & Wauchope,<br />
Bonchester Bridge, Hawick, Roxburghshire<br />
(Seed supplied by Clark & Weir Ltd)<br />
DUAL PURPOSE MIXTURES<br />
HF<br />
Scotl<strong>and</strong>’s best selling dual purpose mixture, tried <strong>and</strong><br />
tested across the country <strong>and</strong> renowned for its yield <strong>and</strong><br />
performance under different management regimes. HF 11 is a<br />
flexible, rotational mixture suitable for both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing<br />
<strong>and</strong> will last from five to eight years.<br />
BREE<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MAGICIAN<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GREENGOLD<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PASTOUR<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MEBA<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DOLINA<br />
Timothy<br />
HF DUAL PURPOSE CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 15 KG/ACRE (32 - 37 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Optimum cutting date - end of first week in June<br />
❚ Achieves SugarMax status with high proportions of the top<br />
sugar yielding varieties Greengold <strong>and</strong> Foxtrot<br />
❚ High sugar yield per acre ensures maximum feeding value,<br />
excellent palatability <strong>and</strong> rapid silage fermentation<br />
❚ Includes a high proportion of Orantas, the highest yielding<br />
Diploid Perennial Ryegrass under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing<br />
on the 2009 SAC Recommended List<br />
❚ Very good spring growth but with later heading ensuring high<br />
yields of quality forage at first cut<br />
❚ Varieties specially selected for top forage quality <strong>and</strong> high<br />
D-value<br />
❚ A superbly dense sward able to withst<strong>and</strong> hard grazing<br />
incorporating the top grazing varieties Orantas, Bree,<br />
Greengold <strong>and</strong> Pastour<br />
❚ Clover level increased for 2009<br />
❚ Contains HF’s unique Dual Purpose White Clover blend<br />
designed to achieve maximum clover content <strong>and</strong> persistency<br />
under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing<br />
❚ Clover blend based on the most productive clover varieties<br />
including Avoca the highest yielding <strong>and</strong> most persistent<br />
variety on the SAC Recommended List<br />
HF 11 - THE HIGH PERFORMANCE FLEXIBLE DUAL PURPOSE<br />
MIXTURE<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
HF<br />
A dual purpose rotational mixture, similar to HF 11 in many ways,<br />
but containing Early Perennial Ryegrass to give early spring growth<br />
for early bite for ewes <strong>and</strong> lambs. In a cutting situation HF Prospect<br />
is earlier heading than HF 11 but with its better early season growth<br />
it is the ideal mix on beef <strong>and</strong> sheep farms where early bite is<br />
required before first cut silage.<br />
DONARD<br />
Early Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GLENSTAL<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
BREE<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GREENGOLD<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ROMARK<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PASTOUR<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MEBA<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DOLINA<br />
Timothy<br />
PROMESSE<br />
Timothy<br />
HF DUAL PURPOSE CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 15 KG/ACRE (32 - 37 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Optimum cutting date - last week in May<br />
❚ Specially formulated for high sugar forage<br />
❚ Includes a high proportion of Orantas, the highest yielding<br />
Diploid Perennial Ryegrass under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing on<br />
the 2009 SAC Recommended List<br />
❚ Exceptional early spring growth for early bite from<br />
Donard,Glenstal <strong>and</strong> the Timothy content<br />
❚ Superb grazing performance from Donard, Bree, Orantas,<br />
Glenstal <strong>and</strong> Greengold<br />
❚ Good Timothy content provides early bite <strong>and</strong> maintains<br />
production under cold <strong>and</strong> wet conditions<br />
❚ Mid-season forage quality is improved with the use of Donard<br />
which demonstrates substantially reduced mid-season<br />
heading relative to other Early Perennials<br />
❚ Contains an increased level for 2009 of HF’s unique Dual<br />
Purpose White Clover blend designed to achieve maximum<br />
clover content <strong>and</strong> production in a sward which is likely to be<br />
grazed in early spring <strong>and</strong> late summer in addition to being<br />
cut for silage<br />
HF PROSPECT - THE DUAL PURPOSE MIXTURE WITH<br />
OUTSTANDING EARLINESS<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
13
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
T H E M I X T U R E S<br />
INTENSIVE CUTTING MIXTURES<br />
HF<br />
HF<br />
HF<br />
14<br />
A specialist high yielding silage mixture of medium term duration<br />
with delayed heading for late areas or where first cut is taken in<br />
early June.<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MAGICIAN<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PASTOUR<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DELPHIN<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GLENCAR<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DOLINA<br />
Timothy<br />
HF CUTTING CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 15 KG/ACRE (32 - 37 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Optimum cutting date - end of first week in June<br />
❚ Specially formulated for high sugar forage<br />
❚ Includes a high proportion of Orantas which is very high<br />
yielding under cutting <strong>and</strong> has excellent forage quality<br />
❚ Contains later heading varieties like Glencar, Foxtrot<br />
<strong>and</strong> Pastour which have the highest conservation yields<br />
on the 2009 SAC Recommended List <strong>and</strong> which have<br />
been specially selected to maximise silage yields at<br />
later cutting dates<br />
❚ Superb forage quality <strong>and</strong> D-value<br />
❚ Good spring growth with later heading ensures high<br />
yields of quality forage at first cut<br />
❚ Not just a first cut mixture with varieties chosen for<br />
rapid regrowth <strong>and</strong> high second cut yields<br />
❚ The relatively high Timothy content makes the mixture<br />
an ideal choice for conservation on colder sites <strong>and</strong> in<br />
later areas<br />
❚ Excellent winter hardiness<br />
❚ Clover content based entirely on HF’s unique Cutting<br />
Clover blend to ensure good clover production <strong>and</strong><br />
survival under intensive silage management<br />
HF CUTSWARD - THE SPECIALIST MEDIUM TERM CUTTING<br />
MIXTURE FOR LATER AREAS<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
A medium term silage mixture specifically designed for three cut<br />
systems. The mixture recipe <strong>and</strong> variety split ensures the very good<br />
early spring growth which is necessary to produce high yields at<br />
early first cut dates.<br />
CITELIAC<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MAGICIAN<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GLENSTAL<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PASTOUR<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GLENCAR<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
HF CUTTING CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 14 KG/ACRE (32 - 35 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Optimum cutting date - last week in May<br />
❚ Formulated with varieties specially chosen to provide<br />
maximum bulk of high quality silage at earlier cutting<br />
dates<br />
❚ Specially formulated for high sugar forage<br />
❚ High sugar yield per acre ensures maximum feeding<br />
value, excellent palatability <strong>and</strong> rapid silage<br />
fermentation<br />
❚ Contains Magician, Glenstal, Pastour <strong>and</strong> Glencar,<br />
the highest yielding Perennial Ryegrasses under<br />
conservation on the 2009 SAC Recommended List<br />
❚ Based on varieties which have shown good persistence<br />
under intensive cutting<br />
❚ Good mid-season growth <strong>and</strong> digestibility for second<br />
<strong>and</strong> subsequent cuts<br />
❚ Varieties selected for their forage quality <strong>and</strong> D-value<br />
at first cut<br />
❚ Clover content based entirely on HF’s unique Cutting<br />
Clover blend to ensure good clover production <strong>and</strong><br />
survival under intensive silage management<br />
HF SUPER SILAGE - THE SPECIALIST MIXTURE FOR<br />
INTENSIVE SILAGE PRODUCTION<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
An HF mixture being cut at Lour Farms, Forfar, Angus<br />
(Seed supplied by Frontier Agriculture Ltd.)<br />
‘Our ground is very soft<br />
<strong>and</strong> mossy <strong>and</strong> with our<br />
relatively high rainfall<br />
poaching can be a<br />
major problem. HF<br />
Supergraze is a great<br />
grazing mix with a<br />
fantastic bottom <strong>and</strong><br />
even swards sown 5 or<br />
6 years ago are still excellent. Grazed grass is<br />
by far the cheapest source of feed <strong>and</strong> I am<br />
very keen on extending the grazing season as<br />
long as possible. Supergraze lets me get the<br />
cows out early, its leafy growth is easily<br />
managed <strong>and</strong> it recovers very quickly even<br />
after hard grazing <strong>and</strong> the dense sward will<br />
hold cows well into October.’ Declan McMullan,<br />
Drumack Lane, Rasharkin, Co Antrim (Seed<br />
supplied by Northern Counties Co-op Ltd)
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
T H E M I X T U R E S<br />
‘In 2008 my field of<br />
HF PD went in much<br />
later than I would<br />
have liked but it<br />
established quickly<br />
<strong>and</strong> has filled in<br />
unbelievably well. I<br />
am really happy with<br />
my HF mixtures, they<br />
seem to suit the Teviotdale Valley well <strong>and</strong><br />
more importantly they suit my system of<br />
both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing.’ S<strong>and</strong>y Fleming,<br />
Falnash,Teviothead, Hawick, Roxburghshire<br />
(Seed supplied by Clark & Weir Ltd)<br />
INTENSIVE GRAZING MIXTURE<br />
HF<br />
Specially designed for intensive cattle grazing. Based on short<br />
growing, high tillering <strong>and</strong> long lived grasses <strong>and</strong> producing a very<br />
dense, highly productive sward of great persistence. Suitable for<br />
medium to long term use.<br />
BREE<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GREENGOLD<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ROMARK<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PASTOUR<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MEBA<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
HF GRAZING CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 15 KG/ACRE (32 - 37 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Achieves SugarMax status with high proportions<br />
of the top sugar yielding varieties Greengold <strong>and</strong> Foxtrot<br />
❚ High sugar yields ensure excellent palatability <strong>and</strong><br />
improved animal performance<br />
❚ Contains a high proportion of Orantas included for<br />
its high grazing yield, very good sward density <strong>and</strong><br />
excellent full season D-value<br />
❚ All varieties selected on the basis of their grazing yields<br />
in SAC trials<br />
❚ Extreme sward density able to withst<strong>and</strong> heavy grazing<br />
<strong>and</strong> poaching in high rainfall areas<br />
❚ Based on a unique blend of Perennial Ryegrass varieties<br />
designed to provide predictable grazing yield <strong>and</strong><br />
quality throughout the entire season<br />
❚ Formulated to have grass at the right stage for grazing<br />
at cattle turnout<br />
❚ Even grass growth throughout the season allows ease of<br />
grazing management<br />
❚ Contains the best possible White Clover varieties for<br />
production <strong>and</strong> persistence under intensive cattle<br />
grazing including Avoca, the highest yielding <strong>and</strong> most<br />
persistent variety on the SAC Recommended List<br />
HF SUPER GRAZE - THE SPECIALIST MIXTURE FOR<br />
INTENSIVE GRAZING<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
PERMANENT MIXTURE<br />
HF<br />
PD<br />
A versatile permanent mixture with extreme sward density<br />
consisting of a blend of grasses <strong>and</strong> clovers that will produce a well<br />
balanced sward giving even growth of quality herbage for many<br />
years.<br />
DONARD<br />
Early Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GLENSTAL<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GREENGOLD<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ROMARK<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MEBA<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DOLINA<br />
Timothy<br />
PROMESSE<br />
Timothy<br />
MAXIMA<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
HF DUAL PURPOSE CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
14 - 16 KG/ACRE (35 - 40 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Broad spread of varieties provides a versatile mixture<br />
suitable for grazing <strong>and</strong>/or cutting<br />
❚ Includes Orantas, which has excellent sward density <strong>and</strong><br />
is very high yielding under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing<br />
❚ Superb early spring growth from Donard <strong>and</strong> later<br />
heading varieties like Glenstal <strong>and</strong> Dolina, ensures early<br />
bite for ewes <strong>and</strong> lambs but also high yields of quality<br />
fodder at first cut<br />
❚ Very persistent <strong>and</strong> winter hardy varieties for longevity<br />
of the sward<br />
❚ Extreme sward density from a high proportion of Late<br />
Perennial Ryegrass <strong>and</strong> also from a low inclusion of<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
❚ Excellent mid <strong>and</strong> late season growth maintains summer<br />
production <strong>and</strong> extends the grazing season<br />
❚ High inclusion of HF’s unique Dual Purpose Clover blend<br />
designed to maximise the clover content for production,<br />
palatability <strong>and</strong> livestock performance<br />
❚ Clover blend contains the best possible White Clover<br />
varieties for production <strong>and</strong> persistency in a permanent<br />
mixture including a high proportion of Avoca, the highest<br />
yielding <strong>and</strong> most persistent clover variety on the SAC<br />
Recommended List<br />
HF PD - SIMPLY THE BEST LONG TERM MIXTURE<br />
AVAILABLE TODAY<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
15
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
T H E M I X T U R E S<br />
PERMANENT MIXTURE<br />
HF<br />
SPECIALIST MIXTURES<br />
HF<br />
A long term traditional mixture containing Cocksfoot designed for<br />
more extensive use <strong>and</strong> to improve production on l<strong>and</strong> which is<br />
prone to drought.<br />
DONARD<br />
Early Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GLENSTAL<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GREENGOLD<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ROMARK<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MEBA<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PROMESSE<br />
Timothy<br />
DOLINA<br />
Timothy<br />
SPARTA<br />
Cocksfoot<br />
MAXIMA<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
HF GRAZING CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
14 - 16 KG/ACRE (35 - 40 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Contains Cocksfoot for early spring growth <strong>and</strong> drought<br />
tolerance<br />
❚ Excellent early bite for ewes <strong>and</strong> lambs from Donard,<br />
Glenstal, Timothy <strong>and</strong> Cocksfoot<br />
❚ Blend of grasses formulated to provide consistent<br />
production from early spring to late autumn<br />
❚ Good sward density<br />
❚ Will perform equally well under cutting or grazing<br />
❚ Creeping Red Fescue with its creeping growth habit<br />
binds the sward together <strong>and</strong> aids recovery after<br />
poaching or over-grazing<br />
❚ Contains HF’s highly productive Grazing Clover blend to<br />
maximise production, herbage quality <strong>and</strong> livestock<br />
performance<br />
HF RELIANT - A TRADITIONAL LONG TERM MIXTURE FOR<br />
DRIER CONDITIONS<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
A long term hill mixture specially designed for sheep grazing <strong>and</strong> to<br />
suit the harsher conditions of upl<strong>and</strong> pastures. Ideal for reseeding<br />
hills or reclaiming marginal l<strong>and</strong>. Contains grasses suited to the<br />
poorer soils <strong>and</strong> shorter growing season typical of hill ground.<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PREMIUM<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ROMARK<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MAURICE<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PROMESSE<br />
Timothy<br />
DOLINA<br />
Timothy<br />
MAXIMA<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
HF GRAZING CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
14 - 16 KG/ACRE (35 - 40 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Based on later heading varieties to ensure good<br />
growth in later areas before the production of seed<br />
heads<br />
❚ Early bite provided by a high Timothy content <strong>and</strong> a<br />
high proportion of grazing tolerant Perennial Ryegrass<br />
varieties<br />
❚ Very good winter hardiness for longevity under harsher<br />
upl<strong>and</strong> conditions<br />
❚ Varieties selected for sward density to resist poaching<br />
❚ A high proportion of persistent Late Perennials ensures<br />
good production over many years<br />
❚ The unique combination of grazing Perennial<br />
Ryegrasses produces short dense growth ideal for<br />
grazing<br />
❚ Will also provide a cut of hay or silage if required<br />
❚ Creeping Red Fescue with its creeping growth habit<br />
binds the sward together <strong>and</strong> aids recovery after<br />
poaching or over-grazing<br />
❚ All ingredients selected for cold <strong>and</strong> snow tolerance<br />
❚ High content of HF’s unique Grazing Clover blend<br />
specially designed for production <strong>and</strong> persistency in<br />
an upl<strong>and</strong> situation<br />
HF HIGH HILL - THE PERFECT MIXTURE FOR HILL LAND<br />
OVERSEED WITH<br />
‘I am milking cows on<br />
very heavy ground <strong>and</strong><br />
in a high rainfall area<br />
<strong>and</strong> I am delighted<br />
with the way HF<br />
Supergraze copes with<br />
these challenging<br />
conditions. It<br />
establishes well in both<br />
spring <strong>and</strong> autumn<br />
sowings <strong>and</strong> it<br />
16
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
T H E M I X T U R E S<br />
SPECIALIST MIXTURES<br />
provides consistently good leafy growth<br />
throughout the season which is easy to<br />
manage in a grazing situation. In addition its<br />
spring growth means grass at exactly the<br />
right stage for turnout. The main benefit of<br />
Supergraze however is undoubtedly its sward<br />
density which is superb <strong>and</strong> we suffer<br />
virtually no sward damage despite our<br />
difficult conditions.’ Wilson McMaster, 17<br />
Roughan Road, Broughshane, Co Antrim (Seed<br />
supplied by Logan McMaster Engineering)<br />
HF<br />
A modern mixture for traditional hay making, specially designed<br />
with varieties to produce a large bulk of the type of forage typically<br />
required for hay.<br />
KIMBER<br />
Early Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ORANTAS<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
BREE<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PASTOUR<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MAXIMA<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
PROMESSE<br />
Timothy<br />
DOLINA<br />
Timothy<br />
HF DUAL PURPOSE CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 14 KG/ACRE (32 - 35 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Specially designed to produce top yields of easily<br />
made hay<br />
❚ Contains the new Early Perennial Ryegrass variety,<br />
Kimber, which with its later heading date, is much better<br />
suited to a hay mixture than earlier heading varieties<br />
❚ Contains a high percentage of Pastour the highest<br />
yielding late Perennial Ryegrass on the 2009 SAC<br />
Recommended List<br />
❚ High Timothy content ideal for hay mixtures<br />
❚ Varieties selected on the basis of their growth pattern<br />
<strong>and</strong> maturity to provide the right sward characteristics<br />
for quality hay production<br />
❚ Very good sward density despite a high Timothy<br />
content<br />
❚ Contains leafy albeit relatively stemmy varieties <strong>and</strong> no<br />
Tetraploids for ease of hay-making<br />
❚ Good winter hardiness <strong>and</strong> persistency ensures<br />
consistent bulk over many years<br />
HF SCOTSHAY - THE PURPOSE BUILT MIXTURE FOR<br />
QUALITY HAY<br />
HF<br />
HORSE<br />
Paddock<br />
A custom built mix using species <strong>and</strong> varieties specially selected<br />
to produce a very dense <strong>and</strong> hard wearing sward suitable for<br />
horses <strong>and</strong> ponies. Designed to provide palatable grazing<br />
throughout the growing season but also suitable for hay<br />
production.<br />
PREMIUM<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PASTOUR<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
ROMARK<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PROMESSE<br />
Timothy<br />
MAXIMA<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
15 KG/ACRE (37 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Based on the densest Perennial Ryegrass <strong>and</strong> Timothy<br />
varieties for an exceptionally dense damage resistant<br />
sward<br />
❚ High Timothy content ideal for horses <strong>and</strong> ponies<br />
❚ Formulated with varieties which will provide attractive<br />
but low sugar forage to help minimise the risk of<br />
laminitis<br />
❚ Designed to produce palatable grazing throughout the<br />
entire season<br />
❚ Creeping Red Fescue with its creeping growth habit<br />
binds the sward together <strong>and</strong> quickly repairs sward<br />
damage caused by hooves<br />
❚ Offers the option of horse hay production if required<br />
HF HORSE PADDOCK - THE SPECIALIST MIXTURE FOR<br />
HORSES AND PONIES<br />
‘With 2800 pure bred<br />
Blackface ewes at<br />
heights of anything<br />
between 1000 <strong>and</strong><br />
3000 feet we need a<br />
good, dense, winter<br />
hardy sward which<br />
will produce plenty<br />
grass particularly<br />
when the ewes are brought off the hill for<br />
lambing in the spring <strong>and</strong> weaning in the<br />
autumn. With the current price of nitrogen<br />
I am also trying to make the most of clover.<br />
We have found that HF High Hill with extra<br />
white clover meets all these requirements<br />
<strong>and</strong> I am absolutely delighted with the<br />
results.’ Murray McTeir, Invergeldie Estate,<br />
Comrie, Perthshire (Seed supplied by Bremner<br />
Black & Co Ltd)<br />
17
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
T H E M I X T U R E S<br />
SPECIALIST MIXTURES<br />
HF<br />
DryLAND<br />
A specialist mixture for very dry conditions using deep rooted grasses<br />
with excellent resistance to drought. Formulated using species not<br />
commonly found in UK agricultural mixtures, HF Dry L<strong>and</strong> is<br />
designed to produce fodder in extremely dry situations where<br />
conventional mixtures are likely to fail.<br />
KORA<br />
Tall Fescue<br />
HYKOR<br />
Festulolium<br />
SPARTA<br />
Cocksfoot<br />
DELPHIN<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
POLIM<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
15 KG/ACRE (37 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ A unique solution to fodder production in very dry<br />
conditions<br />
❚ Contains Tall Fescue <strong>and</strong> Festulolium, two species used<br />
for forage production in hot, dry counties specifically for<br />
their drought resistance<br />
❚ All components selected for their deep rooting ability<br />
❚ Suitable for cutting or grazing<br />
❚ The high sugar content of the Tetraploid Perennials <strong>and</strong><br />
Hykor balance the lower sugar levels in Cocksfoot<br />
❚ Good palatability <strong>and</strong> digestibility<br />
❚ Excellent disease resistance particularly to Crown Rust<br />
which can be a major problem in dry areas <strong>and</strong> which<br />
can seriously affect both yield <strong>and</strong> palatability<br />
HF DRY LAND - A UNIQUE SOLUTION TO FODDER<br />
PRODUCTION IN DROUGHT CONDITIONS<br />
SET-ASIDE MIXTURE<br />
HF<br />
LONGTERM<br />
GREEN COVER<br />
The high cost of growing cereals relative to their sale value may<br />
mean that poorer l<strong>and</strong> on some farms is returned to Set-Aside in<br />
2009. HF Long Term Green Cover is a specialist mixture for Set-<br />
Aside <strong>and</strong> other low maintenance situations providing both cover to<br />
compete against weeds <strong>and</strong> the opportunity for fertility building.<br />
CANCAN<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
MAXIMA<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
RIVENDEL<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
12 – 14 KG/ACRE (30 – 35 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Suitable for all low maintenance situations where grass<br />
production is not required<br />
❚ Based on very late heading Perennial Ryegrass with poor<br />
spring growth to minimise maintenance during the<br />
spring months when conventional grass production is at<br />
its highest level<br />
❚ Uses very dense varieties to ensure good ground cover<br />
<strong>and</strong> effective competition against weeds at relatively low<br />
sowing rates<br />
❚ Clover content set to achieve the correct balance of grass<br />
<strong>and</strong> clover in a Set-Aside or low maintenance situation<br />
❚ Can be extensively grazed throughout the season or from<br />
1 September after the Set-Aside period<br />
❚ Suitable for low maintenance fertility building<br />
HF LONG TERM GREEN COVER – THE MIXTURE FOR SET-<br />
ASIDE AND ALL LOW MAINTENANCE SITUATIONS<br />
SHEEP FEED MIXTURES<br />
HF<br />
CC<br />
A highly productive catch cropping mix including white turnips<br />
designed to produce autumn grazing for sheep <strong>and</strong> fattening<br />
lambs.<br />
ALAMO<br />
Italian Ryegrass<br />
HOBSON<br />
Forage Rape<br />
GREEN GLOBE<br />
White Turnip<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
9 KG/ACRE (22 KG/HECTARE)<br />
HF<br />
CD<br />
A highly productive catch cropping mix similar to HF CC but without<br />
white turnips.<br />
ALAMO<br />
Italian Ryegrass<br />
HOBSON<br />
Forage Rape<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
9 KG/ACRE (22 KG/HECTARE)<br />
HF CC <strong>and</strong> CD are balanced mixtures<br />
designed to produce an Italian Ryegrass<br />
sward with a brassica cover crop thereby<br />
providing both autumn grazing from the<br />
combination of species <strong>and</strong> winter <strong>and</strong> early<br />
spring grazing from the Italian Ryegrass.<br />
Inevitably this compromise will not produce<br />
the short term bulk of a single brassica but<br />
will provide a lower level of keep for a<br />
longer period of time. In the management of<br />
these mixtures it should be remembered<br />
that both rape <strong>and</strong> turnips are aggressive<br />
species <strong>and</strong> if allowed to grow too tall they<br />
can smother the Italian Ryegrass. These<br />
mixtures should therefore be grazed early<br />
to allow the Italian to thrive.<br />
18
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
O V E R S E E D I N G<br />
Every grassl<strong>and</strong> farmer is well aware of the vigour <strong>and</strong> high level of production that can be achieved from a new reseed<br />
<strong>and</strong> also that inevitably through time, the sown grasses begin to disappear <strong>and</strong> the sward thins out <strong>and</strong> production<br />
suffers.The decline of sown species is influenced by many different factors but on average by the time grass reaches 7<br />
or 8 years old, only around 60% of the sown species remain <strong>and</strong> 40% of the sward is either bare ground or occupied by<br />
weed grasses. This deterioration not only affects yield but also has a significant effect on palatability, forage quality,<br />
spring growth <strong>and</strong> the overall response to fertiliser inputs.When these are added together, the effect on both animal<br />
performance <strong>and</strong> the overall financial return is substantial <strong>and</strong> a sward with 40 – 50% bare ground or weed grass<br />
content can mean a loss of up to £300 per acre per year in feed value.<br />
Recognising the need to maintain a high proportion of sown species in older grass <strong>and</strong> that a full reseed is not always practical, HF Seeds<br />
has developed the <strong>Grass</strong>Max system of overseeding which presents a real opportunity to restore production in tired or damaged swards<br />
to newly sown levels without the expense or disruption of a full reseed.The <strong>Grass</strong>Max system of overseeding can also be used to introduce<br />
or increase clover levels in existing swards.<br />
The key to successful overseeding lies in ensuring that the newly sown plants are capable of competing with the existing grass <strong>and</strong> that the<br />
germinating seedlings have sufficient vigour to establish successfully in what can be a very competitive environment. Increasing the<br />
competitiveness of the establishing plants can be achieved in three ways each of which has a cumulative effect in ensuring success.<br />
Minimise Competition from the Existing Sward<br />
When the existing sward is growing strongly there is obviously more<br />
competition for the establishing seedlings. Consequently the timing of<br />
the actual overseeding operation <strong>and</strong> the subsequent fertiliser treatment<br />
are important factors to consider. The objective should be to find a<br />
window during the season when the existing sward is short <strong>and</strong> is not<br />
growing strongly. Ideal conditions are provided after a hard graze or<br />
immediately after the last silage cut of the season. No fertiliser should be<br />
applied for at least 15 days after the overseeding operation.<br />
Use a Mixture Designed for Overseeding<br />
Large seeded grasses are more competitive in their establishment <strong>and</strong><br />
all the HF <strong>Grass</strong>Max mixtures are comprised of Tetraploid Hybrid <strong>and</strong><br />
Perennial Ryegrasses specially selected for their establishment vigour.The<br />
use of these large seeded, aggressively establishing grasses significantly<br />
increases their ability to compete with the existing sward.<br />
Use Mixtures Treated with iSeed®<br />
Although conventional fertiliser application will<br />
increase the establishment vigour of the new<br />
seedlings, its growth promotion effect on the<br />
existing sward is greater <strong>and</strong> competition is<br />
increased to a level which often overwhelms the<br />
establishing plants. For 2009, all HF <strong>Grass</strong>Max<br />
mixtures are available with the br<strong>and</strong> new <strong>and</strong><br />
revolutionary iSeed® treatment where every individual seed is coated<br />
with both nitrogen <strong>and</strong> phosphate. This unique targeted fertiliser<br />
concept feeds the sown seeds <strong>and</strong> not the surrounding sward <strong>and</strong><br />
dramatically improves establishment vigour at the most crucial stage in<br />
the overseeding process. Extensive trials have shown that the uptake of<br />
iSeed® fertiliser is four times more effective than conventional<br />
applications <strong>and</strong> have demonstrated establishment gains of over 30%<br />
<strong>and</strong> substantial benefits to both root <strong>and</strong> shoot development.<br />
The benefit of iSeed® 30 days<br />
after sowing is clear to see<br />
UNTREATED<br />
iSeed ® TREATED<br />
19
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
O V E R S E E D I N G<br />
OVERSEEDING MIXTURES<br />
HF<br />
HF<br />
A mixture specially designed for overseeding fields which will be<br />
mainly cut for silage.<br />
SOLID<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
CITELIAC<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
MAGICIAN<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
HF CUTTING CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
10 KG/ACRE (25 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ 100% Tetraploid grasses which are ideal for overseeding<br />
as they have the largest seeds <strong>and</strong> are aggressive<br />
establishers<br />
❚ <strong>Grass</strong>es based entirely on Hybrid <strong>and</strong> Perennial<br />
Ryegrasses with the highest conservation yields on<br />
UK recommended lists<br />
❚ Very good forage quality from Solid <strong>and</strong> Citeliac<br />
❚ Varieties chosen for good spring growth to ensure high<br />
yields at first cut<br />
❚ Contains a high proportion of HF’s unique Cutting<br />
Clover blend to ensure good clover production <strong>and</strong><br />
survival under intensive silage management<br />
❚ No Clover option available on request<br />
HF GRASSMAX CUT - THE SPECIALIST MIX FOR<br />
OVERSEEDING SILAGE FIELDS<br />
33% Yield Increase from <strong>Grass</strong>Max Dual Purpose<br />
30% Yield Increase from <strong>Grass</strong>Max Graze<br />
Control<br />
44% Yield Increase from <strong>Grass</strong>Max Cut + Red Clover<br />
WITH RED CLOVER<br />
A specialist overseeding mixture containing a high level of Red<br />
Clover designed to introduce both new grass <strong>and</strong> Red Clover into<br />
silage swards. This mix can also be used to prolong the life of<br />
existing Red Clover swards provided Eelworm is not a problem<br />
SOLID<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
CITELIAC<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
CORVUS<br />
Red Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
10 KG/ACRE (25 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ All ingredients have large seeds <strong>and</strong> are capable of<br />
establishing in an existing sward<br />
❚ <strong>Grass</strong> component is 100% Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
which is sufficiently aggressive to compete <strong>and</strong> survive<br />
in a Red Clover sward<br />
❚ 30% Red Clover content to ensure a good plant<br />
population in the overseeded sward<br />
❚ Excellent forage quality from both Solid <strong>and</strong> Citeliac<br />
HF GRASSMAX CUT + RED CLOVER - THE SPECIALIST MIX<br />
FOR OVERSEEDING BOTH GRASS AND RED CLOVER INTO<br />
SILAGE SWARDS<br />
Guidelines for Successful Overseeding<br />
Field Preparation<br />
• Remove all surplus grass growth by cutting or<br />
hard grazing<br />
• Scarify the area in opposite directions using a<br />
wire tine grass scarifying harrow<br />
Sowing<br />
• Sow at the same time as scarifying with up to<br />
10 kg/acre (25 kg/hectare) of the appropriate<br />
mixture<br />
• Where iSeed® treatment is used, as the<br />
fertiliser effectively doubles the weight of the<br />
seed, the sowing rate is double that of<br />
untreated seed<br />
• Roll immediately after sowing<br />
to consolidate the ground, conserve moisture<br />
<strong>and</strong> ensure good seed to soil contact<br />
Timing<br />
• With untreated seed, to ensure that<br />
competition from the existing sward is<br />
minimised, the optimum overseeding window<br />
is immediately after the last silage cut of the<br />
season or after a hard graze in the spring or<br />
autumn<br />
90<br />
100 110 120 130 140 150<br />
DM Yield/ha Relative to Control<br />
HF trial results have shown an average of 30 – 35% yield improvement from overseeding<br />
with a massive 44% yield from <strong>Grass</strong>Max Cut + Red Clover. In addition to these huge yield<br />
increases, the trials also showed substantial gains over control in both forage quality <strong>and</strong><br />
feeding value particularly in terms of digestibility <strong>and</strong> the sugar content of the forage.<br />
BEFORE<br />
A typical sward before overseeding<br />
20
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
O V E R S E E D I N G<br />
OVERSEEDING MIXTURES<br />
HF<br />
HF<br />
A mixture specially designed for overseeding fields which will be<br />
predominantly grazed.<br />
A mixture specially designed for overseeding fields which will be<br />
both cut <strong>and</strong> grazed.<br />
Timing (continued)<br />
• Although the benefit of minimising<br />
competition from the existing sward also<br />
applies to iSeed®, the increased<br />
competitiveness of iSeed reduces the<br />
dependence on timing <strong>and</strong> may offer the<br />
opportunity of a much wider sowing window<br />
Fertiliser<br />
• When clover is included wait until at least 30<br />
days after sowing before applying any nitrogen<br />
fertiliser to minimise competition from the<br />
existing sward. If clover is not included this<br />
period can be reduced to 15 days<br />
MAGICIAN<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
CALIBRA<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DELPHIN<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
POLIM<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
HF GRAZING CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
10 KG/ACRE (25 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Achieves SugarMax status with a high proportion of<br />
the top sugar yielding variety Calibra<br />
❚ High sugar yields ensure excellent palatability <strong>and</strong><br />
improved animal performance<br />
❚ 100% Tetraploid grasses which are ideal for overseeding<br />
as they have large seeds <strong>and</strong> are aggressive establishers<br />
❚ Based entirely on Perennial Ryegrass varieties with the<br />
highest grazing yields on UK Recommended Lists<br />
❚ Very good Crown Rust resistance from both Polim <strong>and</strong><br />
Delphin both of which receive very high resistance<br />
ratings in NIAB trials<br />
❚ Contains a high proportion of HF Grazing Clover blend<br />
containing varieties specially selected for their<br />
production <strong>and</strong> persistence under grazing<br />
❚ No Clover option available on request<br />
HF GRASSMAX GRAZE – THE SPECIALIST MIX FOR<br />
OVERSEEDING GRAZING FIELDS<br />
SOLID<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
GLENSTAL<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
POLIM<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
GLENCAR<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
HF DUAL PURPOSE CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
10 KG/ACRE (25 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ 100% Tetraploid grasses which are ideal for overseeding<br />
as they have the largest seeds <strong>and</strong> are aggressive<br />
establishers<br />
❚ Based on Hybrid <strong>and</strong> Perennial Ryegrass varieties with<br />
high yields under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing<br />
❚ Exceptionally good Crown Rust resistance from Polim<br />
which receives a very high resistance rating in NIAB<br />
trials<br />
❚ Contains a high proportion of HF’s unique Dual Purpose<br />
Clover blend designed to achieve maximum clover<br />
content <strong>and</strong> persistency under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing<br />
❚ Clover blend based on the most productive clover<br />
varieties including Avoca one of the highest yielding <strong>and</strong><br />
most persistent varieties available today<br />
❚ No Clover option available on request<br />
HF GRASSMAX DUAL PURPOSE – THE SPECIALIST MIX FOR<br />
OVERSEEDING FIELDS THAT WILL BE BOTH CUT AND GRAZED<br />
Livestock Re-introduction<br />
• After cutting wait until aftermaths have fully<br />
recovered<br />
• After grazing leave stock on for 10 days then<br />
remove <strong>and</strong> allow sward to recover<br />
AFTER<br />
Oveseeding can dramatically<br />
improve sward performance<br />
All HF <strong>Grass</strong>Max mixtures<br />
are now available with<br />
‘With current<br />
fertiliser prices the<br />
idea behind iSeed ®<br />
was attractive in so<br />
much that we could<br />
both save on input<br />
price <strong>and</strong> expect a<br />
better take <strong>and</strong><br />
higher plant<br />
population. The ‘feed the seed not the weed’<br />
idea makes sense <strong>and</strong> to see the grass <strong>and</strong><br />
clover seedlings filling the gaps is very<br />
encouraging. We have overseeded with HF<br />
<strong>Grass</strong>Max mixtures for some time now with<br />
great success <strong>and</strong> with iSeed ® we are fine<br />
tuning the job. We will use iSeed ® again for<br />
sure. Once again HF Seeds innovation has<br />
benefited our grass production.’ Mervyn<br />
Roberts, Hendy Farm, Pontllyfni, Caernarfon<br />
(Seed supplied by David Edwards)<br />
21
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
O R G A N I C S<br />
HF 65%<br />
ORGANIC<br />
SHORT TERM<br />
A highly productive two to three year mixture based primarily on<br />
high yielding Hybrid Ryegrasses <strong>and</strong> containing a high proportion<br />
of Red Clover designed for two cuts per year followed by aftermath<br />
grazing.<br />
STORM<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
SOLID<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
CITELIAC<br />
Tetraploid Hybrid Ryegrass<br />
CALIBRA<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
AMOS<br />
Red Clover<br />
RAJAH<br />
Red Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
12 - 14 KG/ACRE (30 - 34 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Contains 65% organically produced seed to meet<br />
2009 organic certification regulations<br />
❚ Optimum cutting date - first week in June<br />
❚ Specially formulated for high sugar forage including<br />
Calibra the highest yielding SugarMax variety<br />
❚ Contains Citeliac a new Hybrid variety which is very<br />
high yielding under both cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing with good<br />
forage quality <strong>and</strong> excellent disease resistance<br />
❚ Contains a high proportion of Hybrid Ryegrass varieties<br />
for their yield potential over two to three years<br />
❚ Very good spring growth <strong>and</strong> late heading ensures high<br />
yields of quality forage at first cut<br />
❚ Companion grasses chosen for their open growth habit<br />
allowing clover to thrive<br />
❚ Organic content from four different varieties<br />
❚ 25% Red Clover content established as the optimum level<br />
in extensive HF trials<br />
❚ Strong vigorous regrowth for second cut <strong>and</strong> aftermath<br />
grazing<br />
❚ Excellent disease resistance<br />
HF ORGANIC SHORT TERM - THE SHORT TERM ROTATIONAL<br />
MIX FOR ORGANIC SILAGE PRODUCTION<br />
HF 65%<br />
ORGANIC<br />
DUAL PURPOSE<br />
A high sugar mixture specially designed for a dual purpose medium<br />
term cutting <strong>and</strong>/or grazing ley for organic management.<br />
PREMIUM<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
CALIBRA<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PASTOUR<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DELPHIN<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
POLIM<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DOLINA<br />
Timothy<br />
PROMESSE<br />
Timothy<br />
AMOS<br />
Red Clover<br />
HF DUAL PURPOSE CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 15 KG/ACRE (32 - 37 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Contains 65% organically produced seed to meet<br />
2009 organic certification regulations<br />
❚ Optimum cutting date - first week in June<br />
❚ Contains Pastour one of the highest yielding Late<br />
Perennial Ryegrasses on UK Recommended Lists<br />
❚ Achieves SugarMax status with high proportions of<br />
the top sugar yielding varieties Calibra <strong>and</strong> Foxtrot<br />
❚ High sugar yield per acre ensures maximum feeding<br />
value, excellent palatability <strong>and</strong> rapid silage<br />
fermentation<br />
❚ Formulated with Tetraploid <strong>and</strong> Diploid Perennials <strong>and</strong><br />
Timothy to ensure the correct balance between grass <strong>and</strong><br />
clover<br />
❚ Excellent Crown Rust Resistance from Foxtrot, Pastour,<br />
Polim <strong>and</strong> Delphin all of which receive very high Crown<br />
Rust resistance ratings on 2009 UK Recommended Lists<br />
❚ Red Clover inclusion for high clover yields <strong>and</strong> nitrogen<br />
fixation in the early stages of establishment<br />
❚ High White Clover content of HF’s unique Dual Purpose<br />
Clover blend to ensure the optimum clover content in the<br />
final sward<br />
❚ Clover varieties selected for both yield <strong>and</strong> early spring<br />
growth to ensure early season nitrogen fixation <strong>and</strong><br />
grass growth<br />
HF ORGANIC DUAL PURPOSE - A HIGH PERFORMANCE<br />
FLEXIBLE MIXTURE FOR DUAL PURPOSE ORGANIC<br />
MANAGEMENT<br />
As the market for organic produce in the UK<br />
continues to develop, HF’s commitment to<br />
developing the very best mixtures for the<br />
organic farmer remains the top priority in<br />
2009. HF organic mixtures have been<br />
formulated following practical experience on<br />
farm over many years <strong>and</strong> are specially<br />
designed to meet the challenges of organic<br />
farming.The use of the best grass <strong>and</strong> clover<br />
varieties for organic systems ensures that both<br />
yield <strong>and</strong> forage quality are maintained under<br />
the pressures of organic management.<br />
Following a reduction in the supply of<br />
organically produced seed from 2008 harvest,<br />
the UK organic certification authorities have<br />
maintained the organic percentage for 2009<br />
at 65% to ensure continuity of supply<br />
throughout the year.<br />
22
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
O R G A N I C S<br />
For 2009 all 65% organic mixtures have been<br />
designed on the basis of their technical<br />
performance under organic conditions to<br />
meet the following key criteria:<br />
• The optimum clover content of varieties<br />
best suited for organic production<br />
• Companion grasses which allow clover to<br />
thrive but at the same time maintain total<br />
forage yields<br />
• The achievement of high sugar yields <strong>and</strong><br />
maximum feeding value from the inclusion<br />
of SugarMax varieties<br />
• The production of top quality high D-<br />
value <strong>and</strong> palatable forage<br />
• Seasonal growth patterns suited to<br />
organic management, particularly good<br />
early spring growth with late heading<br />
• Appropriate disease resistance, in<br />
particular against Crown Rust which can<br />
be a major problem in organically<br />
managed swards affecting production,<br />
palatability <strong>and</strong> forage quality<br />
HF 65%<br />
ORGANIC<br />
•GRAZE•<br />
A medium to long term grazing mixture produced from persistent<br />
grazing varieties of both grass <strong>and</strong> clover <strong>and</strong> specially formulated<br />
to ensure good clover development <strong>and</strong> survival under organic<br />
grazing management.<br />
CALIBRA<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
BREE<br />
Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
FOXTROT<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
PASTOUR<br />
Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
POLIM<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DELPHIN<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
HF GRAZING CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
13 - 15 KG/ACRE (32 - 37 KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Contains 65% organically produced seed to meet 2009<br />
organic certification regulations<br />
❚ Specially formulated for high sugar forage status with<br />
high proportions of the SugarMax varieties Calibra<br />
<strong>and</strong> Foxtrot<br />
❚ High sugar yield per acre ensures maximum feeding<br />
value <strong>and</strong> excellent grazing palatability<br />
❚ Based on late heading Pasture Perennial Ryegrass<br />
varieties which are ideal for grazing<br />
❚ Varieties chosen for their high grazing yields particularly<br />
Bree, Foxtrot, Pastour <strong>and</strong> Polim<br />
❚ Excellent Crown Rust Resistance from Foxtrot, Pastour,<br />
Polim <strong>and</strong> Delphin all of which receive very high Crown<br />
Rust Resistance ratings on 2009 Recommended Lists<br />
❚ Formulated with Diploid <strong>and</strong> Tetraploid varieties to<br />
ensure the correct balance between grass <strong>and</strong> clover in a<br />
grazing situation<br />
❚ Very persistent varieties capable of withst<strong>and</strong>ing heavy<br />
grazing pressure<br />
❚ Clover varieties chosen for maximum spring growth to<br />
ensure early Nitrogen fixation <strong>and</strong> grass growth<br />
❚ High White Clover content of grazing tolerant including<br />
a high proportion of Avoca, simply the best <strong>and</strong> most<br />
persistent White Clover available<br />
HF ORGANIC GRAZE - THE LONG TERM MIXTURE FOR<br />
ORGANIC GRAZING<br />
HF 65%<br />
ORGANIC<br />
_____________<br />
REJUVENATOR<br />
Specially formulated to meet dem<strong>and</strong> for a mixture to rejuvenate<br />
grass <strong>and</strong> establish clover in pastures intended for organic<br />
production. This practice is no substitute for a full reseed but with<br />
the right mix <strong>and</strong> attention to detail, it can increase clover levels<br />
<strong>and</strong> breathe new life into tired swards. The key to success lies in<br />
the correct sward preparation before over-sowing <strong>and</strong> selecting a<br />
mixture containing varieties with the best possible establishment<br />
vigour.<br />
CALIBRA<br />
Tetraploid Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass<br />
DELPHIN<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
POLIM<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
TIVOLI<br />
Tetraploid Late Perennial Ryegrass<br />
RAJAH<br />
Red Clover<br />
HF DUAL PURPOSE CLOVER BLEND<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
10 - 12 KG/ACRE (25 - 30KG/HECTARE)<br />
❚ Contains 65% organically produced seed to meet 2009<br />
organic certification regulations<br />
❚ 100% Tetraploid grasses for high sugar forage<br />
including the top SugarMax variety Calibra<br />
❚ The most effective way to introduce both new grass <strong>and</strong><br />
high sugar into existing pastures<br />
❚ <strong>Grass</strong>es based entirely on Tetraploids which have the<br />
largest seeds <strong>and</strong> greatest establishment vigour<br />
❚ Spread of varieties for early, mid <strong>and</strong> late season growth<br />
❚ Includes Delphin <strong>and</strong> Polim for their excellent Crown<br />
Rust Resistance<br />
❚ Small inclusion of Red Clover for rapid clover<br />
establishment<br />
❚ Clover varieties chosen for maximum spring growth to<br />
ensure early spring nitrogen fixation <strong>and</strong> grass growth<br />
❚ Contains a high proportion of persistent <strong>and</strong> flexible<br />
White Clover varieties<br />
HF ORGANIC REJUVENATOR – THE SOLUTION TO<br />
INCREASING CLOVER LEVELS AND TO BREATHING NEW<br />
LIFE INTO EXISTING SWARDS<br />
‘The rise in concentrate prices coupled with the difficulty in growing<br />
a suitable cereal replacement on our organic dairy farm means that<br />
we need the best varieties <strong>and</strong> mixtures to produce high quality grass<br />
leys for cutting <strong>and</strong> grazing throughout the growing season. With only<br />
550 mm rainfall we also need swards than can perform <strong>and</strong> yield in<br />
dry conditions <strong>and</strong> HF’s organic mixtures seem to be able to deliver<br />
on all counts. I am also starting to introduce overseeding with HF<br />
grass <strong>and</strong> clover mixtures to ensure that we maintain maximum<br />
productivity from grass.’ Miles Saunders, Step Farm, Faringdon, Oxon<br />
23
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
F O R A G E H E R B S<br />
FORAGE HERBS<br />
With greater emphasis on the environment in recent years <strong>and</strong> a return to more traditional methods of animal production, there has been<br />
increasing interest in the use of herbs to improve animal performance <strong>and</strong> to add greater botanical diversity to the sward. Although much<br />
of the benefit of herbs is anecdotal <strong>and</strong> there is limited scientific evidence of their benefits for the grazing animal, it is accepted that they are<br />
very palatable <strong>and</strong> contain high proportions of essential minerals particularly Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Cobalt <strong>and</strong> Selenium.They are<br />
also generally very deep-rooted <strong>and</strong> as a result are very drought resistant <strong>and</strong> can improve both soil structure <strong>and</strong> drainage.<br />
CHICORY<br />
Chicory is a deep-rooted plant which grows<br />
best on fertile well drained soils. It provides<br />
leafy spring <strong>and</strong> summer growth which is<br />
higher in digestibility, nutritive value <strong>and</strong><br />
mineral content than grass. It can be sown<br />
on its own, overseeded into existing<br />
pastures or included in a mixture for a new<br />
reseed.<br />
RIBGRASS<br />
Ribgrass or Ribwort Plantain is known to<br />
contain a range of chemical compounds<br />
which reduce stress in ruminants <strong>and</strong><br />
consequently may influence performance.<br />
It is very persistent <strong>and</strong> as it grows from the<br />
bottom of the plant it will survive heavy<br />
grazing.<br />
SHEEP’S BURNETT<br />
Sheep’s Burnett is a hardy long lived<br />
evergreen plant which does best on well<br />
drained soils <strong>and</strong> which has traditionally<br />
been used for its high mineral content.<br />
SAINFOIN<br />
The name Sainfoin comes from French,‘sain’<br />
meaning wholesome <strong>and</strong> ‘foin’ meaning hay.<br />
It is extremely palatable <strong>and</strong> has been used<br />
for centuries as a fodder for cattle. It is rich<br />
in tannins which protect proteins in the<br />
rumen leading to better utilisation <strong>and</strong> it<br />
may also have a limited anthelmintic action.<br />
YARROW<br />
Yarrow is a very common herb found<br />
throughout the UK <strong>and</strong> with its deep taproot<br />
it is very persistent <strong>and</strong> performs well<br />
in dry conditions. It is high in minerals <strong>and</strong><br />
there is evidence to suggest that it is high in<br />
fatty acids with a resultant benefit in animal<br />
performance.<br />
SHEEP’S PARSLEY<br />
Sheep’s Parsley is very palatable to livestock<br />
<strong>and</strong> is a rich source of minerals but can lack<br />
persistency under heavy grazing.<br />
The above herbs are available as single species for inclusion in grass mixtures or alternatively HF Summer Herb is a 100% herb mix<br />
containing balanced proportions of the above six herbs for both direct sowing at 1 – 2 kgs/acre or inclusion in a grass mixture.<br />
24
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
S T E W A R D S H I P M I X T U R E S<br />
The Stewardship Schemes of Scotl<strong>and</strong> continue to evolve with funding now being delivered to farmers via Rural Development Contracts<br />
under either the non-competitive but limited L<strong>and</strong> Managers Options Scheme or the competitive Rural Priorities Scheme. Although the<br />
funding mechanisms are different, the same seed mixtures apply to both these <strong>and</strong> the previous schemes, albeit a new development for 2009<br />
is the inclusion of a nectar producing species in <strong>Grass</strong> Margin mixtures.<br />
Three HF <strong>Grass</strong> Margin mixtures are<br />
available with different ingredients please<br />
order by the mixture reference code<br />
HF<br />
Mixture ref : HF BGM 1 RC<br />
<strong>Grass</strong> Margin<br />
With Cocksfoot<br />
This mixture contains cocksfoot <strong>and</strong> Red Clover <strong>and</strong> is suitable for<br />
all the grass margin options but will form a very tussocky sward.<br />
Crested Dogstail<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
Timothy<br />
Tall Fescue<br />
Cocksfoot<br />
Red Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
8 KG/ACRE (20 KG/HECTARE)<br />
This mixture is available without the Red Clover as BGM 1<br />
HF<br />
Mixture Ref : HF BGM 2 RC<br />
<strong>Grass</strong> Margin<br />
No Cocksfoot<br />
This mixture is suitable for all grass margin options <strong>and</strong> will<br />
provide a more open sward with fewer tussocks.<br />
Crested Dogstail<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
Timothy<br />
Sheep’s Fescue<br />
Chewings Fescue<br />
Red Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
8 KG/ACRE (20 KG/HECTARE)<br />
This mixture is available without the Red Clover as BGM 2<br />
HF<br />
Mixture Ref : HF BGM 3 RC<br />
<strong>Grass</strong> Margin<br />
With Cocksfoot &<br />
White Clover<br />
This mixture is suitable for all grass margin options <strong>and</strong> will<br />
provide a more open sward with fewer tussocks.<br />
Crested Dogstail<br />
Creeping Red Fescue<br />
Timothy<br />
Cocksfoot<br />
Tall Fescue<br />
Bird’s Foot Trefoil<br />
White Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
8 KG/ACRE (20 KG/HECTARE)<br />
Two Wild Bird Seed / Unharvested Crop<br />
mixtures are available to provide the<br />
option of both one <strong>and</strong> two years duration<br />
HF Mixture Ref : HF WBS 1<br />
Annual Wild<br />
Bird Cover<br />
This mixture is designed to meet the annual unharvested crops<br />
option <strong>and</strong> will provide both cover <strong>and</strong> a food source for wild<br />
birds over a one year period.<br />
Spring Cereal<br />
Linseed<br />
Millet<br />
Mustard<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
16 KG/ACRE (40 KG/HECTARE)<br />
HF Mixture Ref : HF WBS 2<br />
Two Year Wild<br />
Bird Cover<br />
This mixture is designed to meet the unharvested crops option <strong>and</strong><br />
will provide a continuing <strong>and</strong> varied source of food for seed eating<br />
birds over a two year period.<br />
Spring Cereal<br />
Kale<br />
Quinoa<br />
Yellow Blossom Clover<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE<br />
16 KG/ACRE (40 KG/HECTARE)<br />
HF<br />
SpeciesRich<br />
Mixtures for this option should comprise 80-85% non-aggressive<br />
grasses <strong>and</strong> 15-20% native wild flowers. To allow flexibility the<br />
grass <strong>and</strong> wild flower mixtures are detailed separately <strong>and</strong> can be<br />
combined together in any proportion to suit different needs <strong>and</strong><br />
requirements.<br />
GRASS COMPONENT (80-85%)<br />
Sheep’s Fescue<br />
Red Fescue<br />
Meadow Fescue<br />
Smooth Stalked Meadow <strong>Grass</strong><br />
Crested Dogstail<br />
Common Bent<br />
WILD FLOWER COMPONENT (15-20%)<br />
Ribwort Plantain<br />
Meadow Buttercup<br />
Black Knapweed<br />
Common Sorrel<br />
Oxeye Daisy<br />
Self Heal<br />
Yarrow<br />
Yellow Rattle<br />
Black Medick<br />
RECOMMENDED SOWING RATE OF<br />
COMBINED GRASS AND WILD FLOWER MIXTURE<br />
8 KG/ACRE (20 KG/HECTARE)<br />
25
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
O T H E R C R O P S<br />
As farmers strive for greater self-sufficiency in all aspect of their business, crops which offer the potential to reduce purchased feed <strong>and</strong><br />
fertiliser costs are increasing in popularity. Sales of wholecrop mixtures, particularly those offering a source of home grown protein, have<br />
increased dramatically in recent years <strong>and</strong> there is rapidly developing interest in both green manuring <strong>and</strong> crops such as rye, which can<br />
be used to reduce the expensive winter months by extending the grazing season.<br />
HF<br />
Wholecrop<br />
HF Seeds offers a wide range of both st<strong>and</strong>ard <strong>and</strong> custom wholecrop<br />
mixtures including barley, oats, wheat, triticale, peas, lupins <strong>and</strong><br />
vetches. All HF wholecrop options are available with a 65%<br />
organically produced content for organic farmers.<br />
One relatively new development in the area of wholecropping is the<br />
use of lupins as a protein source. Grown as an integral mix with<br />
Triticale, both Yellow <strong>and</strong> White Lupins are suitable for this purpose.<br />
White Lupins will produce a greater bulk of green forage due to their<br />
increased branching habit whereas Yellow Lupins are lower yielding<br />
in terms of pure bulk but produce a higher gross output of high<br />
quality protein.<br />
HF<br />
GREEN<br />
MANURING<br />
Green manure crops are used to improve soil structure, to<br />
accumulate organic matter, to break pest <strong>and</strong> disease cycles <strong>and</strong> to<br />
manage soil nitrogen levels. They can be categorised into nitrogen<br />
removers (non legumes) which act as a break crop, add organic<br />
matter <strong>and</strong> mop up surplus soil nitrogen <strong>and</strong> nitrogen fixers<br />
(legumes) which offer similar soil structure <strong>and</strong> break crop benefits<br />
as nitrogen lifters but which add to rather than reduce soil nitrogen<br />
levels.<br />
MUSTARD<br />
Mustard is easy to establish, <strong>and</strong> grows<br />
very rapidly producing a large bulk of green<br />
material in 8 – 10 weeks. It is a nitrogen<br />
remover <strong>and</strong> is used to produce organic<br />
matter but should be ploughed in before<br />
becoming too mature. Sowing rate 8 – 10<br />
kgs/acre.<br />
HF<br />
EXTENDED<br />
grazing<br />
Grazing rye is one way to reduce the long winter months by providing<br />
early bite from late February onwards. Most of the varieties being<br />
sold for this purpose have been bred for grain production but<br />
PROTECTOR is a true forage rye which has been bred specifically for<br />
its rapid establishment, early growth <strong>and</strong> its ability to produce large<br />
bulks of green material for early grazing. PROTECTOR is sown in<br />
early autumn at 60 – 70 kgs/acre for grazing from late February<br />
onwards.<br />
Yellow Lupins<br />
For further information on<br />
availability of lupins <strong>and</strong> other<br />
wholecrop mixtures contact your<br />
HF distributor or telephone<br />
HF Seeds direct on 0131 555 4044.<br />
PHACELIA<br />
Phacelia is very quick to establish <strong>and</strong><br />
matures in 10 – 12 weeks. It produces<br />
organic matter for ploughing in <strong>and</strong> its<br />
attractive flowers are beneficial to insects<br />
but it must be incorporated before<br />
producing seed or it may reappear as a<br />
weed. Sowing rate 4 kgs/acre.<br />
VETCH<br />
Available in both winter <strong>and</strong> spring forms,<br />
vetches are capable of fixing high levels of<br />
nitrogen for subsequent crops. Sowing rate<br />
30 - 40 kgs/acre.<br />
YELLOW BLOSSOM CLOVER<br />
An excellent nitrogen fixer, Yellow Blossom<br />
or Sweet Clover is deep rooted <strong>and</strong><br />
produces large amounts of organic matter<br />
for incorporation. Sowing rate 6 kgs/acre.<br />
RED CLOVER<br />
A prolific nitrogen fixer, Red Clover, has<br />
deep tap roots <strong>and</strong> is ideal for adding<br />
nitrogen <strong>and</strong> improving soil structure.<br />
Sowing rate 6 kgs/acre.<br />
Strip grazing with rye or other forage crops can reduce<br />
the long winter feeding period<br />
HF<br />
SOIL<br />
Fumigant<br />
On both organic <strong>and</strong> conventional farms there is increasing interest<br />
in crops which have a natural bio-fumigant action <strong>and</strong> which can<br />
both suppress nematodes <strong>and</strong> soil borne diseases <strong>and</strong> act as a green<br />
manure crop at the same time.<br />
VITTASSO BROWN MUSTARD<br />
Vittasso Brown Mustard contains very high<br />
levels of glucosinolate <strong>and</strong> when the crop is<br />
finely chopped <strong>and</strong> incorporated into the<br />
soil this is released <strong>and</strong> reacts with other<br />
compounds to create the bio-fumigant<br />
Isothiocyanate.<br />
VITTASSO is sown at 5 kgs/ha (2 kgs/acre)<br />
<strong>and</strong> successful bio-fumigation depends on:<br />
• Establishing <strong>and</strong> growing a high yielding<br />
crop<br />
• Finely chopping the crop at flowering<br />
approximately 50 – 75 days after sowing<br />
to maximise the glucosinolate content<br />
<strong>and</strong> creating rapid fumigation<br />
• Thorough incorporation of the chopped<br />
material into moist soil. Water is<br />
essential for the necessary chemical<br />
reaction to take place.<br />
26
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
R O O T A N D F O D D E R C R O P S<br />
SOWING RATES, RELATIVE YIELD AND ENERGY LEVELS OF FODDER CROPS<br />
Crop Sowing Rate Sowing Utilisation Fresh Yield Dry Matter DM Yield DM Energy Energy Yield<br />
per acre period period tonnes/acre content % tonnes/acre content MJ/kg per acre ‘000MJ<br />
<strong>Fodder</strong> Beet 50,000 seeds March - April Harvested 25 - 35 17 4.2 - 6.0 12.5 52 - 75<br />
<strong>and</strong> clamped<br />
October onwards<br />
Swedes Graded seed May October - March 28 - 35 11 3.0 - 3.8 12.9 35 - 49<br />
Approx 250 gms<br />
see varieties<br />
Turnips Graded seed May - June October - January 24 - 30 9 2.2 - 2.7 11.2 25 - 30<br />
Approx 250 gms<br />
Kale 3 kg broadcast May - June October - February 20 - 30 14 2.8 - 4.2 11.0 31 - 46<br />
2 kg drilled<br />
Forage Rape 4 - 5 kg broadcast June - August Sept - December 12 - 15 12 1.5 - 1.8 10.5 16 - 19<br />
3 - 4 kg drilled<br />
Stubble Turnips 3 kg broadcast May - August 12 weeks after 15 - 18 9.5 1.5 - 1.8 11.6 17 - 21<br />
2 kg drilled sowing<br />
FODDER BEET<br />
<strong>Fodder</strong> beet has the capacity to produce<br />
high fresh <strong>and</strong> dry matter yields <strong>and</strong> is best<br />
grown in early districts on well drained<br />
soils. It has a high energy content but<br />
relatively low protein content. Medium dry<br />
matter varieties have a greater percentage<br />
of root above the ground <strong>and</strong> consequently<br />
are easier to lift <strong>and</strong> have a lower dirt tare.<br />
Higher dry matter varieties tend to sit<br />
further into the ground <strong>and</strong> have a higher<br />
dirt tare.<br />
ALPES<br />
Alpes has exceptional all round<br />
characteristics <strong>and</strong> is the highest yielding,<br />
cleanest fodder beet available. It produces<br />
yellow roots of medium dry matter content<br />
<strong>and</strong> has 33% of its root above the ground<br />
allowing easy lifting.<br />
MAGNUM<br />
Magnum has a consistent root size <strong>and</strong><br />
produces reliable high dry matter yields of<br />
white fleshed roots. Better frost resistance<br />
than other varieties due to its high dry<br />
matter content.<br />
TINTIN<br />
Higher yielding than Kyros, Tintin has<br />
uniform, easily lifted, clean orange roots of<br />
medium dry matter content.<br />
KYROS<br />
Kyros is a well established <strong>and</strong> consistently<br />
high yielding variety producing very palatable<br />
<strong>and</strong> easily digested roots of medium dry<br />
matter content <strong>and</strong> produces clean roots at<br />
harvest.<br />
SWEDES<br />
Swedes grow on a wide range of soil types<br />
<strong>and</strong> can be grazed in situ or lifted for<br />
stockfeed or as a cash crop. Whatever the<br />
intended use, the dry matter content is one<br />
of the most important characters to<br />
consider. Low dry matter types are softer<br />
<strong>and</strong> are more suitable for early use<br />
whereas the high dry matter types are<br />
more winter hardy <strong>and</strong> therefore better<br />
suited to later utilisation. For cash cropping<br />
fresh yield, shape <strong>and</strong> colour are important<br />
considerations with purple skinned, globe<br />
shaped roots generally considered the<br />
most marketable type.<br />
For 2009 all graded swede seed is available<br />
with flea beetle treatment<br />
AIRLIE<br />
For early to intermediate use Airlie<br />
produces high fresh yields of uniform globe<br />
shaped roots with purple skin <strong>and</strong> creamy<br />
white flesh. Good general disease resistance.<br />
RUTA OTOFTE<br />
A very popular purple skinned variety with<br />
cream coloured flesh suitable for both<br />
fodder use <strong>and</strong> shopping. A medium dry<br />
matter variety with good winter hardiness<br />
<strong>and</strong> Mildew resistance.<br />
MARIAN<br />
A good shopping variety with an attractive<br />
purple globe <strong>and</strong> cream coloured flesh.<br />
With its medium dry matter content Marian<br />
is suitable for intermediate use but has<br />
slightly lower yield potential than other<br />
varieties.<br />
LOMOND<br />
A new <strong>and</strong> extremely high yielding variety<br />
bred by SCRI, Lomond has purple skin <strong>and</strong><br />
yellow flesh <strong>and</strong> has good Club Root <strong>and</strong><br />
Powdery Mildew resistance. Lomond is<br />
slightly less uniform than Gowrie <strong>and</strong><br />
consequently is the better stock feed variety.<br />
GOWRIE<br />
A new high yielding variety bred by SCRI,<br />
Gowrie produces very uniform roots with<br />
purple skin <strong>and</strong> yellow flesh making it ideal<br />
for the culinary market. Good Club Root<br />
<strong>and</strong> Powdery Mildew resistance.<br />
KENMORE<br />
A bronze skinned, white fleshed variety with<br />
very high fresh yields best suited as stock<br />
feed. Kenmore is early maturing <strong>and</strong> with its<br />
medium dry matter content <strong>and</strong> very good<br />
winter hardiness, it allows for a very wide<br />
window of utilisation.<br />
INVITATION<br />
A high yielding purple/bronze skinned<br />
variety with a high dry matter content <strong>and</strong><br />
very good winter hardiness making it<br />
suitable for late use. Invitation has excellent<br />
resistance to both Club Root <strong>and</strong> Mildew<br />
<strong>and</strong> it also produces large leaves for extra<br />
grazing potential.<br />
27
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
R O O T A N D F O D D E R C R O P S<br />
TURNIPS<br />
Turnips differ from swedes due to their<br />
lower dry matter content. They are faster<br />
growing but lack winter hardiness <strong>and</strong><br />
keeping quality <strong>and</strong> are therefore best<br />
suited for early use.<br />
GREEN GLOBE<br />
A quick growing variety for utilisation 12 -<br />
15 weeks after sowing, Green Globe<br />
produces white fleshed, soft, easily eaten,<br />
globe shaped roots with good anchorage<br />
suitable for grazing by all types of livestock.<br />
Its relatively low dry matter <strong>and</strong> consequent<br />
poor winter hardiness means that Green<br />
Globe is best utilised before Christmas.<br />
KALE<br />
Kale is the highest yielding of all the leafy<br />
forage brassicas <strong>and</strong> has excellent feeding<br />
value <strong>and</strong> a high crude protein content. It<br />
can provide a long <strong>and</strong> flexible period of<br />
utilisation <strong>and</strong> can be grazed in situ, cut<br />
<strong>and</strong> carted to housed livestock or ensiled<br />
as big bale kaleage. There are however big<br />
differences in terms of winter hardiness<br />
(traditional marrowstem varieties tend to<br />
have poorer winter hardiness) <strong>and</strong><br />
varieties should be chosen to suit the<br />
utilisation period. For maximum yields kale<br />
requires good fertility <strong>and</strong> a pH of at least<br />
6.0.<br />
CALEDONIAN<br />
Caledonian is a very high yielding<br />
marrowstem type with good winter<br />
hardiness <strong>and</strong> excellent club root resistance.<br />
Its high yield <strong>and</strong> good lodging resistance<br />
makes it ideal for utilisation by dairy or beef<br />
cattle from September to February <strong>and</strong> it<br />
can be strip or zero grazed.<br />
BITTERN<br />
A very leafy, high yielding hybrid variety with<br />
good digestibility <strong>and</strong> palatability due to its<br />
high sugar content. Bittern can be used<br />
throughout the autumn <strong>and</strong> winter but its<br />
outst<strong>and</strong>ing winter hardiness makes it an<br />
ideal choice for late use.<br />
MARIS KESTREL<br />
A short, leafy, hybrid variety that is high in<br />
digestible dry matter particularly in the stem.<br />
Maris Kestrel has good frost resistance,<br />
excellent leaf retention <strong>and</strong> is not susceptible<br />
to lodging.<br />
KEEPER<br />
Keeper is a short variety ideal for sheep<br />
grazing. It is very palatable <strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong>s well<br />
<strong>and</strong> its excellent winter hardiness makes it<br />
ideal for late use.<br />
GRÜNER ANGELITER<br />
A very high yielding marrowstem type<br />
producing higher fresh yields than either<br />
Caledonian or Bittern. With its high yield<br />
good winter hardiness <strong>and</strong> excellent feeding<br />
quality, Grüner Angeliter is well suited for<br />
stock feed use, but with its tall growth <strong>and</strong><br />
high leaf canopy it is also ideal for game<br />
cover.<br />
FORAGE RAPE<br />
Rape is fast growing <strong>and</strong> will tolerate<br />
poorer fertility conditions than Kale. When<br />
sown as a catch crop between June <strong>and</strong><br />
August it will provide valuable autumn <strong>and</strong><br />
winter grazing. It has a wide sowing<br />
window <strong>and</strong> utilisation period <strong>and</strong><br />
produces a digestible <strong>and</strong> high energy crop<br />
ideal for finishing lambs.<br />
HOBSON<br />
A very leafy <strong>and</strong> high yielding variety with<br />
good digestibility. Hobson has excellent<br />
resistance to mildew which can often<br />
seriously reduce yield <strong>and</strong> affect palatability.<br />
EMERALD<br />
A rapidly establishing, medium to tall,<br />
palatable variety with above average dry<br />
matter yields <strong>and</strong> good general disease<br />
resistance.<br />
STUBBLE TURNIPS<br />
Stubble Turnips provide palatable <strong>and</strong><br />
digestible fodder for grazing 10 – 12 weeks<br />
after sowing. They can be sown at any<br />
time with the required utilisation period<br />
determining the sowing date. Stubble<br />
Turnips are less winter hardy than other<br />
brassicas <strong>and</strong> should be used before<br />
Christmas. Varieties differ in their leaf to<br />
root ratio with leafy types providing better<br />
anchorage <strong>and</strong> winter hardiness than bulb<br />
types which produce larger but relatively<br />
low dry matter roots<br />
TYFON<br />
A fast growing leafy type with some<br />
regrowth potential but it can be susceptible<br />
to bolting when sown too early. Tyfon has<br />
small bulbs <strong>and</strong> produces approximately<br />
80% of its yield from leaf. Good root<br />
anchorage <strong>and</strong> reasonable frost tolerance.<br />
RONDO<br />
A high yielding leafy type but with a higher<br />
proportion of root <strong>and</strong> larger bulbs than<br />
Tyfon. Rondo has good disease resistance,<br />
excellent root anchorage, <strong>and</strong> above average<br />
winter hardiness for a stubble turnip.<br />
PASJA<br />
Pasja is a new highly productive turnip rape<br />
hybrid which produces a large amount of<br />
leaf <strong>and</strong> small bulb. It is very fast growing<br />
<strong>and</strong> can be grazed 6 – 8 weeks after sowing.<br />
The bulb is well anchored in the soil <strong>and</strong> has<br />
a crown which enables the plant to regrow<br />
after defoliation provided it is not<br />
overgrazed.<br />
SAMSON<br />
Samson is a high yielding, bulbing variety with<br />
a high proportion of its total yield produced<br />
by large, purple topped, palatable roots<br />
which grow well out of the ground for<br />
better utilisation.<br />
VOLLENDA<br />
A highly digestible, late tetraploid variety<br />
noted for its speed of growth, overall yield<br />
<strong>and</strong> resistance to bolting. Vollenda is a<br />
bulbing type with a leaf to bulb ratio in the<br />
region 30 : 70.<br />
BARKANT<br />
Producing slightly smaller roots than<br />
Vollenda, Barkant is a bulbing variety<br />
producing very high yields of digestible dry<br />
matter. Reasonably winter hardy for a<br />
stubble turnip.<br />
28
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
G A M E C R O P S<br />
The single most important factor in selecting a game crop is the location in which it is to be sown. Almost by definition, game crops<br />
are usually required in less fertile, exposed <strong>and</strong> often shady areas which are unsuitable for many of the more exotic game crop species.<br />
Other factors which need to be considered are the purpose of the crop (cover only, cover <strong>and</strong> food, brood rearing etc), the time of sowing<br />
<strong>and</strong> the intended duration of the crop, the climatic conditions it will be subjected to <strong>and</strong> lastly, whether the area to be sown is included in<br />
any government schemes as the scheme regulations may have an impact on crop choice.<br />
As a general principle game crops are best sown as individual species thereby allowing the most appropriate management in terms of sowing<br />
depth, fertiliser <strong>and</strong> weed control, however it is possible to sow combinations of some crop groups to achieve diversity in the final st<strong>and</strong>.<br />
KALE<br />
Kale can provide excellent cover although it is very sensitive to<br />
adverse conditions. The varieties Bittern <strong>and</strong> Keeper are the most<br />
suitable as they both have outst<strong>and</strong>ing winter hardiness <strong>and</strong> allow<br />
game to move freely under the leaf canopy. The variety Caledonian<br />
will provide some Club Root resistance where brassicas are being<br />
grown repeatedly but continuous brassicas over many years should<br />
be avoided where possible. Lower than normal sowing rates should<br />
be used to avoid thick crops which restrict game movement <strong>and</strong><br />
drilling is preferable to broadcasting as rows allow both easy access<br />
for game <strong>and</strong> the opportunity to control birds on a shoot day.<br />
QUINOA<br />
Quinoa is an excellent break crop from brassicas <strong>and</strong> can provide<br />
both good cover <strong>and</strong> a very palatable <strong>and</strong> nutritious food source as<br />
it is a prolific seed producer capable of shedding over 1 tonne of<br />
seed per acre during the shooting season. For successful<br />
establishment Quinoa requires a minimum pH in the range 6.0 to<br />
6.5. An excellent combination of both cover <strong>and</strong> game food can be<br />
achieved by sowing alternate strips of Quinoa <strong>and</strong> Kale or by<br />
combining them together in a single mixture.<br />
In fertile conditions Kale can provide excellent cover<br />
FORAGE RAPE<br />
Forage Rape is a versatile, easy to grow cover crop <strong>and</strong> is a good<br />
alternative where Kale has been unsuccessful or for sowing later in<br />
the season. Although it still needs a reasonable pH, it will grow on<br />
more acidic soils than Kale <strong>and</strong> with its rapid growth, it is better<br />
equipped to withst<strong>and</strong> rabbit <strong>and</strong> pigeon damage.<br />
TEXSEL GREENS<br />
Texsel Greens is similar to mustard but has much better frost<br />
tolerance <strong>and</strong> will last considerably longer for winter holding <strong>and</strong><br />
driving. It produces a canopy on sturdy stems up to 5 feet tall but<br />
although it shows some frost hardiness it is not suited to harsher,<br />
more northern climates.<br />
JONTY<br />
Jonty is a rapidly bolting brassica providing rapid cover within 6 to 8<br />
weeks of sowing <strong>and</strong> is therefore ideal for late sowings. It will produce<br />
a canopy approximately 3 feet high with an open bottom allowing<br />
easy movement of game, however, it is not particularly frost hardy <strong>and</strong><br />
should not be relied on to provide cover beyond New Year.<br />
TRITICALE<br />
Cereals are a valuable food source in game mixtures but Triticale is<br />
particularly useful as it will tolerate poorer fertility <strong>and</strong> can survive<br />
where other cereals will not. It is also the most suitable cereal where<br />
rabbits are a problem as due to its early prostrate growth it grows<br />
unnoticed by rabbits <strong>and</strong> once established <strong>and</strong> growing strongly, it can<br />
often outpace rabbit damage. No game crop will survive a heavy<br />
rabbit burden however <strong>and</strong> in these cases netting may be the only<br />
practical solution.Triticale is available in both winter <strong>and</strong> spring forms.<br />
Winter varieties which are more commonly available, need to<br />
vernalise after sowing or they will not produce seed heads. Winter<br />
varieties are therefore only suitable for more northern climates <strong>and</strong><br />
should be sown by the end of February. In southern climates or for<br />
later sowing dates only spring varieties should be considered. Like<br />
Quinoa, the role of Triticale is best as a food crop in a strip adjacent<br />
to a cover crop such as Kale or Rape but the difference in sowing<br />
dates <strong>and</strong> fertility tolerance may make this impractical. In this case<br />
Triticale alone can provide adequate cover to hold pheasants <strong>and</strong><br />
partridges until Christmas.<br />
29
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
G A M E C R O P S<br />
SORGHUM<br />
MILLET<br />
Available in dwarf <strong>and</strong> giant forms growing to 2 <strong>and</strong> 3 metres tall<br />
respectively, both types of Sorghum are used to provide a warm<br />
holding area for birds adjacent to food crops like maize. Giant<br />
Sorghum is particularly useful in dry areas as it is very deep rooting.<br />
CANARY GRASS<br />
Holdfast Canary <strong>Grass</strong> (Phalaris Aquatica) <strong>and</strong> its native version<br />
Reed Canary <strong>Grass</strong> (Phalaris Arundinacia) are strong growing hardy<br />
perennials with vigorous creeping rhizomes. The native Reed Canary<br />
<strong>Grass</strong> is better suited to harsher climates. Both are deep rooting<br />
<strong>and</strong> capable of withst<strong>and</strong>ing a wide range of conditions <strong>and</strong> once<br />
established can provide long term game cover for up to 10 years.<br />
Both types of Canary <strong>Grass</strong> are slow in establishment particularly in<br />
cold conditions <strong>and</strong> can suffer badly in their first year from<br />
competition from weeds <strong>and</strong> weed grasses. As a result both types<br />
should be sown in 30 to 36 inch rows allowing inter-row weed<br />
control. Once established topping will encourage vigorous tillering.<br />
Millet has long been recognised as a valuable game food crop <strong>and</strong> is<br />
available in three different forms:White, Red <strong>and</strong> Strong Reed Millet.<br />
Each has different characteristics in terms of maturity, growth habit,<br />
winter hardiness <strong>and</strong> seed production. White Millet is the most<br />
prolific seed producer but has relatively poor winter hardiness<br />
whereas Reed Millet has poor seed production but is very winter<br />
hardy with Red Millet falling somewhere between the two. To<br />
exploit the benefits of the different types, game millet is supplied in<br />
three different forms: White Millet on its own for seed production<br />
in warm southern climates, a Red <strong>and</strong> White Millet Blend for general<br />
purpose use <strong>and</strong> a White <strong>and</strong> Reed Millet blend for seed production<br />
<strong>and</strong> good winter hardiness in colder areas.<br />
BUCKWHEAT<br />
Buckwheat is a thick, bushy, seed producing plant often sown in<br />
conjunction with other crops to provide both food <strong>and</strong> cover. It is<br />
particularly appealing to deer, pheasants, partridges <strong>and</strong> bees <strong>and</strong><br />
other insects <strong>and</strong> grows best in warm, sunny, south facing conditions.<br />
It should not be sown until all risk of frost has passed. Maturity is<br />
reached in around three months <strong>and</strong> seed will be shed over a period<br />
of several weeks with the remaining stubble capable of holding birds<br />
until well into January.<br />
YELLOW BLOSSOM CLOVER<br />
MAIZE<br />
Maize is an excellent cover <strong>and</strong> food crop with a good canopy <strong>and</strong><br />
open area underneath. It is also ideal for rotating with brassicas to<br />
reduce the build up of Club Root <strong>and</strong> it will thrive throughout most<br />
of Engl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Wales although it should not be sown over 350<br />
metres above sea level. Game Maize is supplied as a blend of three<br />
varieties to provide good st<strong>and</strong>ing power, low cob carriage allowing<br />
easy access by birds <strong>and</strong> a spread of maturity, ensuring cob availability<br />
throughout the season. Additional appeal can be added by sowing<br />
an adjacent crop of Millet counteracting draughtiness later in the<br />
season <strong>and</strong> also providing an additional food source.<br />
Yellow Blossom Clover is a self-generating legume that will last up to<br />
three years <strong>and</strong> as such can be sown on its own or included as a<br />
very useful component in Wild Bird Cover mixtures which are<br />
intended for two years duration. It has excellent early vigour with<br />
good seed production <strong>and</strong> can reach heights of up to 6 feet with stiff<br />
woody stems which allow easy bird movement below its dense<br />
canopy.<br />
30
<strong>Grass</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> <strong>Crops</strong><br />
G A M E C R O P S<br />
CATCH CROPS FOR LATE SOWING<br />
Late sowings of game crops severely restrict crop choice <strong>and</strong> are only suitable for cover as there is insufficient time for seed production<br />
before the onset of winter. Fast growing crops such as Mustard, Stubble Turnips <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fodder</strong> Radish can be sown as late as September <strong>and</strong><br />
will provide cover within 8 weeks.These crops however are generally not winter hardy <strong>and</strong> should not be relied on to provide cover beyond<br />
Christmas.The suitability of each of these crops varies for different situations <strong>and</strong> advice should be sought on the most appropriate choice.<br />
GAME COVER MIXTURES<br />
Whilst the above species have been considered individually, it is<br />
possible to mix different combinations together to provide both<br />
cover <strong>and</strong> an attractive food source in one game crop. As with the<br />
single species the choice of mixture components will depend entirely<br />
on location, climate <strong>and</strong> soil fertility <strong>and</strong> where there is any doubt, a<br />
mixture which is tolerant of a wide range of growing conditions<br />
should be selected.<br />
Crop Optimum Sowing Rate (kgs/acre) Comments<br />
Sowing Period Drilled Broadcast<br />
Kale May / June 1.5 2.0 Requires good fertility <strong>and</strong> high pH<br />
Forage Rape July / September 2.5 3.5 More tolerant of poorer fertility than kale<br />
Texsel Greens May - July 2.5 - Not suitable for northern climates<br />
Jonty August / September 1.5 2.5 Fast growing but not winter hardy<br />
Quinoa May / June 2.0 - Requires minimum pH of 6.0<br />
Quinoa + Kale May /June 2.5 - Requires good fertility <strong>and</strong> high pH<br />
Winter Triticale Before end February 75 - Only suitable for early sowing in more northern climates where<br />
seed will vernalise<br />
Spring Triticale March / April 75 - Use in milder climates or for later sowing to ensure seed<br />
production<br />
Holdfast Canary <strong>Grass</strong> April / May 2.5 - Very slow establishment<br />
Reed Canary <strong>Grass</strong> April / May 2.5 - Suited to more northern climates<br />
Triple Maize Blend April 45,000 seeds per acre Not suited for Scotl<strong>and</strong> or over 350 metres above sea level<br />
White Millet April / May 10 - Most suited to warm southern climates<br />
Millgame Millet Mix<br />
(White + Red Millet)<br />
April / May 10 - General purpose throughout Engl<strong>and</strong> & Wales<br />
Ambush Millet Mix<br />
(White + Reed Millet)<br />
April / May 5 - Good winter hardiness <strong>and</strong> better suited to northern areas<br />
Buckwheat May 20 50 Requires warm <strong>and</strong> sunny growing conditions<br />
Giant Sorghum April / May 12 - Useful cover <strong>and</strong> shelter crop in warm, dry areas<br />
Dwarf Sorghum April / May 8 - Used as shelter crop<br />
Yellow Blossom Clover April to July 4 - Useful on its own or in mixtures for 2 years or more<br />
Mustard August / September 3 5 Not winter hardy, for late sowing or emergency use<br />
Stubble Turnips August / September 2 3 Not winter hardy, for late sowing or emergency use<br />
<strong>Fodder</strong> Radish August / September 3 - Not winter hardy, for late sowing or emergency use<br />
31
DISTRIBUTORS OF HF SEED MIXTURES<br />
1 ORKNEY AND SHETLAND<br />
KEVIN GROUNDWATER<br />
TELEPHONE 07887 540547<br />
Towerhill Farm, St Ola, Orkney, KW15 1SR<br />
2 CAITHNESS AND SUTHERLAND<br />
W & A GEDDES LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01955 602207<br />
7 River Street, Wick, Caithness, KW1 5EB<br />
AND<br />
TELEPHONE 01408 621220<br />
Victoria Road, Brora, Sutherl<strong>and</strong>, KW9 6LN<br />
3 MORAY, INVERNESS AND<br />
BLACK ISLE<br />
SCOTGRAIN AGRICULTURE LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01343 543281<br />
Pentl<strong>and</strong> House, Grampian Road, Elgin,<br />
Moray, IV30 1XJ<br />
4 NORTH EAST SCOTLAND<br />
SCOTGRAIN AGRICULTURE LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01241 870341<br />
Elliot Industrial Estate, Arbroath,<br />
Angus, DD11 2NJ<br />
OPENFIELDS & UAP<br />
TELEPHONE 01975 563200<br />
Prospect Building, Montgarrie, Alford,<br />
Aberdeenshire, AB33 8BA<br />
5 EASTERN CENTRAL SCOTLAND<br />
FRONTIER AGRICULTURE LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01289 330303<br />
Windmill Way West, Ramparts Park,<br />
Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberl<strong>and</strong>,<br />
TD15 1TB<br />
6 LOTHIANS, PEEBLES-SHIRE,<br />
BORDERS AND NORTHUMBERLAND<br />
R H MILLER (AGRICULTURAL) LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 0131 660 3921<br />
Fordel, Lauder Road, Dalkeith, Midlothian,<br />
EH22 2PH<br />
AND<br />
TELEPHONE 01721 720711<br />
Tweedview, South Park Estate, Peebles,<br />
Peebles-shire, EH45 9ED<br />
AND<br />
TELEPHONE 01450 370050<br />
10 Commercial Road, Hawick, Roxburghshire,<br />
TD9 7AQ<br />
FRONTIER AGRICULTURE LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01289 330303<br />
Windmill Way West, Ramparts Park, Berwickupon-Tweed,<br />
Northumberl<strong>and</strong>,TD15 1TB<br />
CLARK & WEIR LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01899 220096<br />
Glengonnar, Coulter, Biggar,<br />
Lanarkshire, ML12 6PZ<br />
7 CENTRAL, WEST AND SOUTH<br />
WEST SCOTLAND AND CUMBRIA<br />
CARRS BILLINGTON AGRICULTURE LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01577 862381<br />
Stirling Road, Milnathort, Kinross,<br />
Kinross-shire, KY13 9UZ<br />
AND<br />
TELEPHONE 01768 862160<br />
Haweswater Road, Penrith Industrial Estate,<br />
Penrith, Cumbria, CA11 9EH<br />
AND<br />
TELEPHONE 01900 824105<br />
Lakel<strong>and</strong> Agricultural Centre, Cockermouth,<br />
Cumbria, CA13 0QQ<br />
BREMNER BLACK & CO LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01786 860522<br />
34 Drummond Place, Gargunnock,<br />
Stirling, Stirlingshire, FK8 3BZ<br />
SOUTH WEST SEEDS LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01848 331416<br />
Kilfaddoch, Closeburn,Thornhill,<br />
Dumfriesshire, DG3 5HW<br />
NUTRISCOT LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01292 521123<br />
Scottish Agricultural College, Donald Hendrie<br />
Building, Auchincruive, Ayr, KA6 5HW<br />
SOLWAY AGRICULTURE LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 01576 204124<br />
Glasgow Road, Lockerbie, Dumfriesshire,<br />
DG11 2SE<br />
8 NORTHERN IRELAND<br />
NORTH DOWN GRAIN LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 028 4275 8284<br />
16 Tullykevin Road, Ballywalter, Co. Down,<br />
BT22 2NB<br />
NORTHERN COUNTIES COOP LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 028 7940 1246<br />
Garvagh Road, Swatragh, Maghera,<br />
Co. Derry, BT46 5QE<br />
WM A PALMER<br />
TELEPHONE 028 7082 2529<br />
11 Magherabuoy Road, Portrush,<br />
Co. Antrim, BT56 8NU<br />
TAGGART JACK<br />
TELEPHONE 028 8166 1271<br />
Ardstraw, Omagh, Co.Tyrone, BT78 4LN<br />
TREVOR NEVILLE<br />
TELEPHONE 028 3888 2120<br />
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Co. Armagh, BT66 7RP<br />
S MCCONNELL & SONS<br />
TELEPHONE 028 4176 3717<br />
184 Carginagh Road, Kilkeel,<br />
Co. Down, BT34 4QA<br />
9<br />
8<br />
SCOTTS FEEDS LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 028 8224 3221<br />
Mountjoy Road, Omagh, Co.Tyrone, BT79 7AG<br />
MONTGOMERYS<br />
TELEPHONE 028 2588 1022<br />
Cullybackey Livestock Market,<br />
Cullybackey, Co. Antrim, BT43 7AA<br />
C R SUPPLIES<br />
TELEPHONE 028 2827 8800<br />
143 Ballysnod Road, Larne,<br />
Co. Antrim, BT40 3NP<br />
ULSTER LIVESTOCK CARE<br />
TELEPHONE 028 8673 6303<br />
11 Ballygoney Road West, Coagh,<br />
Co Derry, BT45 7NS<br />
MASONS ANIMAL FEEDS<br />
TELEPHONE 028 3887 1415<br />
122 Marlacoo Road, Portadown,<br />
Co Armagh, BT62 3TB<br />
LOGAN McMASTER ENGINEERING<br />
TELEPHONE 028 2586 1300<br />
20 Roughan Road, Broughshane, Ballymena,<br />
Co Antrim, BT42 4QX<br />
9 EIRE<br />
CLONLEIGH CO-OP SOCIETY LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 074 9146 151<br />
Castlefinn, Co Donegal<br />
AND<br />
TELEPHONE 074 9156 184<br />
Newton Stores, Newton Cunningham<br />
Co. Donegal<br />
PAUL MURRAY AGRI LTD<br />
TELEPHONE 042 9661543<br />
Rahans, Coolderry,<br />
Carrickmacross,<br />
Co Monaghan<br />
3<br />
2<br />
7<br />
5<br />
1<br />
4<br />
6<br />
1<br />
Marketed by:<br />
Imperial Dock<br />
Thorn Farm<br />
Leith Docks<br />
Inkberrow<br />
Edinburgh<br />
Worcestershire<br />
EH6 7DR<br />
WR7 4LJ<br />
Tel: 0131 555 4044 Tel: 01386 791101<br />
Cert no. TT-COC-002496<br />
Fax: 0131 555 4035 Fax: 01386 792216 www.<strong>dlf</strong>.co.uk<br />
CONTACT HF SEEDS ON 0131 555 4044 FOR ALL YOUR FORAGE SOLUTIONS<br />
DLF Trifolium Ltd V.A.T. Registration No 650 3086 60 Registered in Engl<strong>and</strong> & Wales Company Registration No. 2971802<br />
Registered Office Thorn Farm Inkberrow Worcestershire WR7 4LJ