Musicology Today 2012 100 Years of Polish Musicology
Musicology Today 2012 100 Years of Polish Musicology Musicology Today 2012 100 Years of Polish Musicology
60 Michał Piekarski with a one-year break in 1914–1915) head of the Faculty of Musicology of the K.u.K. Emperor Francis I University (1912–1918), and then for 20 years headed the same Faculty at the Jan Kazimierz University (1919–1939). Moving from his home city of Cracow to Lvov allowed Adolf Chybiński to develop a much wider and more effective research and teaching activity, as Lvov was a much larger, thriving urban and academic centre than Cracow. In Warsaw there was no Polish university before World War I, and so the beginnings of Polish musicology are associated with Lvov. Thanks to favourable conditions and to Prof. Chybiński’s intensive work, Lvov boasted the largest Faculty of Musicology in the interwar Poland. Many of Professor Chybiński’s students later became eminent scholars, and formed the first generation of musicologists educated in the Polish territory. They frequently conducted pioneering research. Most of Chybiński’s assistants and his most outstanding graduates later obtained high academic degrees and positions, taking over university chairs after World War II and in many cases continuing their professor’s research and ideas. As a consequence of the war, all this effort was scattered among many different university centres, and Chybiński’s pupils worked in Poznań, Wrocław, Warsaw, Cracow and Lublin. Still, the extensive research projects initiated by the Lvov school of musicology were continued after the war. In Wrocław, Father Hieronim Feicht took active part in the establishment of a Faculty of Musicology (operating in 1946–1952, reactivated in 2003). This Faculty was later moved to Warsaw University, where in 1948 a Faculty of Musicology (from 1958 — an Institute) was initiated by Prof. Zofia Lissa, who directed it in 1948–1975, later replaced on this post by Prof. Anna Czekanowska. For many years, another Lvov musicology graduate, Prof. Józef Chomiński was also a faculty member in Warsaw Institute of Musicology. In 1956, Father Feicht opened a Chair of Church Musicology at the Catholic University of Lublin. Stefania Łobaczewska moved from Lvov to Cracow, where after the war she co-organised the State Higher School of Music and was (in 1952– 1955) its vice-chancellor, simultaneously working at the Chair of Music History and Theory, the Jagiellonian University, which she took over after Prof. Jachimecki’s death and held in 1954–1963. Prof. Zygmunt Szweykowski also
Prof. Adolf Chybiński (1880–1952) – Founder of Polish Musicology 61 worked at the same Chair. In this way, the Jagiellonian University combined the traditions of the Cracow school with those of the Lvov musicology. Present-day Ukrainian scholars also gladly accept that the Chair of Music History at the Mykola Lysenko Academy of Music in Lviv, Ukraine, is a successor of Adolf Chybiński’s school. The students and graduates of the Lvov school of musicology also included several Ukrainian musicologists (such as e.g. Boris Kudryk). 27 One should remember, though, that the majority of Chybiński’s students were Polish, and after 1945 most of his outstanding graduates worked in Poland (within its new postwar borders) and played a key role in the development of Polish musicology. It was thanks to them that this discipline could still develop, despite the formal closure of the UJK Faculty of Musicology in 1940. This is why, arguably, the main successors of the Lvov school of musicology were Warsaw and Poznań, though its impact on the Cracow musicology should also not be underestimated despite the stronger influence of Zdzisław Jachimecki. Professor Adolf Chybiński has a permanent place among the eminent Polish scholars of the 1 st half of the 20 th century. Together with other lecturers from Lvov University, such as Roman Ingarden, Rudolf Weigl and Stefan Banach, they laid the foundations for research and methodology in many different disciplines (the humanities, science and medicine) in Poland. It was thanks to them that the university’s achievements were recognised far and wide, and contributed not only to Polish, but also to European learning. Works cited Chodkowski Andrzej (1984), [entry:] Dunicz Jan Józef, in: Encyklopedia Muzyczna PWM [PWM Music Encyclopedia], ed. E. Dziębowska, vol. 2, Cracow. Chomiński Józef M. (1953), Adolf Chybiński, Muzyka Nos. 3–4. Chomiński Józef M. (ed.) (1967), [entry:] Szczepańska Maria Klementyna, [in:] Słownik muzyków polskich [Dictionary of Polish Musicians], vol. 2, Cracow. 27 See Hrab 2007, 2010. After World War II, Lviv State Conservatory also employed two Ukrainian graduates of the Lvov school of musicology — Maria Bilynska and Yaroslava Kolodiy.
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Pr<strong>of</strong>. Adolf Chybiński (1880–1952) – Founder <strong>of</strong> <strong>Polish</strong> <strong>Musicology</strong> 61<br />
worked at the same Chair. In this way, the Jagiellonian University combined<br />
the traditions <strong>of</strong> the Cracow school with those <strong>of</strong> the Lvov musicology.<br />
Present-day Ukrainian scholars also gladly accept that the Chair <strong>of</strong> Music<br />
History at the Mykola Lysenko Academy <strong>of</strong> Music in Lviv, Ukraine, is a successor<br />
<strong>of</strong> Adolf Chybiński’s school. The students and graduates <strong>of</strong> the Lvov<br />
school <strong>of</strong> musicology also included several Ukrainian musicologists (such<br />
as e.g. Boris Kudryk). 27 One should remember, though, that the majority<br />
<strong>of</strong> Chybiński’s students were <strong>Polish</strong>, and after 1945 most <strong>of</strong> his outstanding<br />
graduates worked in Poland (within its new postwar borders) and played<br />
a key role in the development <strong>of</strong> <strong>Polish</strong> musicology. It was thanks to them<br />
that this discipline could still develop, despite the formal closure <strong>of</strong> the UJK<br />
Faculty <strong>of</strong> <strong>Musicology</strong> in 1940. This is why, arguably, the main successors <strong>of</strong><br />
the Lvov school <strong>of</strong> musicology were Warsaw and Poznań, though its impact<br />
on the Cracow musicology should also not be underestimated despite the<br />
stronger influence <strong>of</strong> Zdzisław Jachimecki.<br />
Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Adolf Chybiński has a permanent place among the eminent <strong>Polish</strong><br />
scholars <strong>of</strong> the 1 st half <strong>of</strong> the 20 th century. Together with other lecturers<br />
from Lvov University, such as Roman Ingarden, Rudolf Weigl and Stefan Banach,<br />
they laid the foundations for research and methodology in many different<br />
disciplines (the humanities, science and medicine) in Poland. It was<br />
thanks to them that the university’s achievements were recognised far and<br />
wide, and contributed not only to <strong>Polish</strong>, but also to European learning.<br />
Works cited<br />
Chodkowski Andrzej (1984), [entry:] Dunicz Jan Józef, in: Encyklopedia Muzyczna<br />
PWM [PWM Music Encyclopedia], ed. E. Dziębowska, vol. 2, Cracow.<br />
Chomiński Józef M. (1953), Adolf Chybiński, Muzyka Nos. 3–4.<br />
Chomiński Józef M. (ed.) (1967), [entry:] Szczepańska Maria Klementyna, [in:] Słownik<br />
muzyków polskich [Dictionary <strong>of</strong> <strong>Polish</strong> Musicians], vol. 2, Cracow.<br />
27 See Hrab 2007, 2010. After World War II, Lviv State Conservatory also employed two Ukrainian<br />
graduates <strong>of</strong> the Lvov school <strong>of</strong> musicology — Maria Bilynska and Yaroslava Kolodiy.
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