COGNITO - Inserm

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Introduction COGNITO is a computerized neuropsychometric examination based on well-known cognitive tests designed for both cognition research and clinical assessment. It was originally developed with MacIntosh Hypercard software (version ECO) for use in both population and clinical studies of brain ageing and has now been up-dated into Flash, thus extending its hardware possibilities. The original version was used in a prospective population study from general practice from which normative data was derived, and the ability of the battery to detect difficulties in information processing two years prior to the diagnosis of dementia was also established. The battery has been subsequently used to track cognitive changes due to depression, following anesthesia, as a consequence of anticholinergic drug use, and in the development of diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). More recently COGNITO has been used to monitor cognitive changes during treatment in schizophrenia. COGNITO assesses reaction time, primary and working memory (an articulation sub-test further permitting identification of problems related to the articulatory loop) visuospatial and verbal secondary memory (with free, cued and multiple choice paradigms) , implicit learning (priming), language skills (word and syntax comprehension, naming, verbal fluency), functional and semantic categorization of visual data (visual reasoning and form perception), focused and divided attention (visual and auditory modalities) and crystallized intelligence (vocabulary). Responses are made via a tactile screen which permits the recording of response latency (deducting reaction time provides an estimation of information processing time). The examination may be carried out by trained lay interviewers with the possibility of the interviewer’s voice being replaced by pre-recorded instructions. The interpretation of the results can only, however, be made by a clinician competent in neuropsychology. Qualitative aspects of performance (perseveration, intrusions, visual field neglect) are also recorded. The test is suitable for children over 12 and adults of any age provided they are able to read, hear instructions and see the words and images. Practice trials are given which may be repeated until the subject has understood what is required. In order to be able to test highly performing persons some of the tasks become very challenging, so some tests stop automatically after repeated failures to avoid discouragement. The examination takes 45 minutes to an hour to complete depending on the ability of the subject. While it is possible to select and administer specific tests, it is suggested that the whole battery be given where possible in order to standardize fatigue effects and the time delay between the presentation of memory stimuli and the recall trials. 2
GETTING STARTED Home page Identification page Subject details and test selection 1. HOME PAGE 2. IDENTIFICATION 3. SUBJECT DETAILS On this page select either the French or the English version of COGNITO. From this page you may start a new testing session, complete an examination which has already been started or exit from the battery. You must select one of these options by the mouse or touching the screen in order to proceed with the examination or end the session. In order to begin testing a file name must be entered. This will be the name given to the Results file which will appear automatically on the Desktop upon completion of the examination. You may then either cancel the session (in which case no file will be created) or touch Enter in order to continue. The date and time of the examination will be entered automatically but may be modified. Age, sex and a subject identifier must be given. The interviewer may add remarks here relating to test conditions. The Summary button will show the list of tests and those which have already been administered (in the case of redoing the battery). A filled in white dot next to the test name indicates a completed test, a half-filled dot an uncompleted test. See page 5 for further functions on this menu.The Start button commences testing. 3
Page 1: COGNITO 2012 Introduction Construct
Page 5 and 6: 2. FAMILIARISATION TASK USE OF THE
Page 7 and 8: 4. AUDITORY ATTENTION The subject i
Page 9 and 10: 6. VISUAL AND AUDITORY ATTENTION In
Page 11 and 12: 8. ARTICULATION AND IMMEDIATE RECAL
Page 13 and 14: 10. VISUO-SPATIAL SPAN A screen is
Page 15 and 16: 12. PHONEME COMPREHENSION A word ap
Page 17 and 18: 14. MATRICES This test of visuospat
Page 19 and 20: 16. DRAWING ABSTRACT FIGURE The sub
Page 21 and 22: 18. NAME FACE ASSOCIATION The subje
Page 23 and 24: 20. VERBAL FLUENCY PHONEMIC CUE The
Page 25 and 26: 22. DESCRIPTION RECALL This test re
Page 27 and 28: 24. IMPLICIT MEMORY The subject is
Page 29 and 30: RESULTS On completion of the batter
Page 31: Artero S, Tierney MC, Touchon J, Ri

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