Volume 2-05, Chapter 3 - City of Wichita
Volume 2-05, Chapter 3 - City of Wichita Volume 2-05, Chapter 3 - City of Wichita
Section 3.2.6 - Infiltration Trench 3.2.6.1 General Description Infiltration trenches are excavations typically filled with stone to create a temporary underground reservoir for stormwater runoff (see Figure 3-24). This runoff volume gradually filtrates through the bottom and sides of the trench into the subsoil and eventually reaches the water table. By diverting runoff into the soil, an infiltration trench not only treats the WQ V , but also helps to preserve the natural water balance on a site and can recharge groundwater and preserve baseflow. Due to this fact, infiltration systems are limited to areas with highly porous soils (infiltration rate of > 0.5 in/hr) where the water table and/or bedrock are located well below the bottom of the trench (5’ or more below). In addition, infiltration trenches must be carefully sited to avoid the potential of groundwater contamination. Infiltration trenches are not intended to trap coarse sediment and must always be designed with a sediment forebay and grass channel or filter strip, or other appropriate pretreatment measures to prevent clogging and failure. Due to their potential for failure, these facilities must only be considered for sites where upstream sediment control can be ensured. 3.2.6.2 Stormwater Management Suitability Figure 3-24 Infiltration Trench Example (Knox Co., TN, 2008) Infiltration trenches are designed primarily for stormwater quality, i.e. the removal of stormwater pollutants. However, they can provide limited runoff quantity control, particularly for smaller storm events. For some smaller sites, trenches can be designed to capture and infiltrate the CP v in addition to WQ v . An infiltration trench will need to be used in conjunction with another structural control to provide flood control, if required. Water Quality Protection Using the natural filtering properties of soil, infiltration trenches can remove a wide variety of pollutants from stormwater through sorption, precipitation, filtering, and bacterial and chemical Page 3 - 82 Volume 2, Technical Guidance
Section 3.2.6 - Infiltration Trench degradation. Sediment load and other suspended solids are removed from runoff by pretreatment measures in the facility that treats flows before they reach the trench surface. Section 3.2.6.3 provides pollutant removal efficiencies that can be used for planning and design purposes. Channel Protection For smaller sites, an infiltration trench may be designed to capture and infiltrate the entire CP v in either an off- or on-line configuration. For larger sites, or where only the WQ v is diverted to the trench, another structural control must be used to provide CP v extended detention. Flood Control Infiltration trench facilities must provide flow diversion and/or be designed to safely pass design flood events and protect the filter bed and facility. The volume of runoff removed and treated by the infiltration trench may be included in the onsite and/or downstream flood control calculations (see Chapter 3). 3.2.6.3 Pollutant Removal Capabilities An infiltration trench is presumed to be able to remove 90% of the total suspended solids load in typical urban post-development runoff when sized, designed, constructed, and maintained in accordance with the recommended specifications. Undersized or poorly designed infiltration trenches can reduce TSS removal performance. The following design pollutant removal rates are average pollutant reduction percentages for design purposes derived from sampling data, modeling, and professional judgment. In a situation where a removal rate is not deemed sufficient, additional controls may be put in place at the given site in a series or “treatment train” approach. • Total Suspended Solids – 90% • Total Phosphorus – 60% • Total Nitrogen – 60% • Heavy Metals – 90% • Fecal Coliform – 90% For additional information and data on pollutant removal capabilities for infiltration trenches, see the National Pollutant Removal Performance Database (2nd Edition) available at www.cwp.org and the National Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database at www.bmpdatabase.org. Volume 2, Technical Guidance Page 3 - 83
- Page 37 and 38: Section 3.2.1 - Stormwater Pond •
- Page 39 and 40: Section 3.2.1 - Stormwater Pond 1'
- Page 41 and 42: Section 3.2.1 - Stormwater Pond •
- Page 43 and 44: Section 3.2.1 - Stormwater Pond •
- Page 45 and 46: Section 3.2.1 - Stormwater Pond 3.2
- Page 47 and 48: Section 3.2.1 - Stormwater Pond Ste
- Page 49 and 50: Section 3.2.1 - Stormwater Pond Fig
- Page 51 and 52: Section 3.2.1 - Stormwater Pond Fig
- Page 53 and 54: Section 3.2.2 - Extended Dry Detent
- Page 55 and 56: Section 3.2.2 - Extended Dry Detent
- Page 57 and 58: Section 3.2.2 - Extended Dry Detent
- Page 59 and 60: Section 3.2.3 - Vegetative Filter S
- Page 61 and 62: Section 3.2.3 - Vegetative Filter S
- Page 63 and 64: Section 3.2.3 - Vegetative Filter S
- Page 65 and 66: Section 3.2.3 - Vegetative Filter S
- Page 67 and 68: Section 3.2.4 - Grassed Channel 3.2
- Page 69 and 70: Section 3.2.4 - Grassed Channel 3.2
- Page 71 and 72: Section 3.2.4 - Grassed Channel 3.2
- Page 73 and 74: Section 3.2.4 - Grassed Channel max
- Page 75 and 76: Section 3.2.5 - Enhanced Swale 3.2.
- Page 77 and 78: Section 3.2.5 - Enhanced Swale Chan
- Page 79 and 80: Section 3.2.5 - Enhanced Swale B. G
- Page 81 and 82: Section 3.2.5 - Enhanced Swale High
- Page 83 and 84: Section 3.2.5 - Enhanced Swale Side
- Page 85 and 86: Section 3.2.5 - Enhanced Swale 3.2.
- Page 87: Section 3.2.6 - Infiltration Trench
- Page 91 and 92: Section 3.2.6 - Infiltration Trench
- Page 93 and 94: Section 3.2.6 - Infiltration Trench
- Page 95 and 96: Section 3.2.6 - Infiltration Trench
- Page 97 and 98: Section 3.2.6 - Infiltration Trench
- Page 99 and 100: Section 3.2.7 - Soakage Trench 3.2.
- Page 101 and 102: Section 3.2.7 - Soakage Trench •
- Page 103 and 104: Section 3.2.8 - Surface Sand Filter
- Page 105 and 106: Section 3.2.8 - Surface Sand Filter
- Page 107 and 108: Section 3.2.8 - Surface Sand Filter
- Page 109 and 110: Section 3.2.8 - Surface Sand Filter
- Page 111 and 112: Section 3.2.8 - Surface Sand Filter
- Page 113 and 114: Section 3.2.8 - Surface Sand Filter
- Page 115 and 116: Section 3.2.8 - Surface Sand Filter
- Page 117 and 118: Section 3.2.9 - Bioretention Areas
- Page 119 and 120: Section 3.2.9 - Bioretention Areas
- Page 121 and 122: Section 3.2.9 - Bioretention Areas
- Page 123 and 124: Section 3.2.9 - Bioretention Areas
- Page 125 and 126: Section 3.2.9 - Bioretention Areas
- Page 127 and 128: Section 3.2.9 - Bioretention Areas
- Page 129 and 130: Section 3.2.9 - Bioretention Areas
- Page 131 and 132: Section 3.2.9 - Bioretention Areas
- Page 133 and 134: Section 3.2.10 - Stormwater Wetland
- Page 135 and 136: Section 3.2.10 - Stormwater Wetland
- Page 137 and 138: Section 3.2.10 - Stormwater Wetland
Section 3.2.6 - Infiltration Trench<br />
3.2.6.1 General Description<br />
Infiltration trenches are excavations typically filled with stone to create a temporary<br />
underground reservoir for stormwater run<strong>of</strong>f (see Figure 3-24). This run<strong>of</strong>f volume gradually<br />
filtrates through the bottom and sides <strong>of</strong> the trench into the subsoil and eventually reaches the<br />
water table. By diverting run<strong>of</strong>f into the soil, an infiltration trench not only treats the WQ V , but<br />
also helps to preserve the natural water balance on a site and can recharge groundwater and<br />
preserve baseflow. Due to this fact, infiltration systems are limited to areas with highly porous<br />
soils (infiltration rate <strong>of</strong> > 0.5 in/hr) where the water table and/or bedrock are located well<br />
below the bottom <strong>of</strong> the trench (5’ or more below). In addition, infiltration trenches must be<br />
carefully sited to avoid the potential <strong>of</strong> groundwater contamination.<br />
Infiltration trenches are not intended to trap coarse sediment and must always be designed<br />
with a sediment forebay and grass channel or filter strip, or other appropriate pretreatment<br />
measures to prevent clogging and failure. Due to their potential for failure, these facilities<br />
must only be considered for sites where upstream sediment control can be ensured.<br />
3.2.6.2 Stormwater Management Suitability<br />
Figure 3-24 Infiltration Trench Example<br />
(Knox Co., TN, 2008)<br />
Infiltration trenches are designed primarily for stormwater quality, i.e. the removal <strong>of</strong><br />
stormwater pollutants. However, they can provide limited run<strong>of</strong>f quantity control, particularly<br />
for smaller storm events. For some smaller sites, trenches can be designed to capture and<br />
infiltrate the CP v in addition to WQ v . An infiltration trench will need to be used in conjunction<br />
with another structural control to provide flood control, if required.<br />
Water Quality Protection<br />
Using the natural filtering properties <strong>of</strong> soil, infiltration trenches can remove a wide variety <strong>of</strong><br />
pollutants from stormwater through sorption, precipitation, filtering, and bacterial and chemical<br />
Page 3 - 82<br />
<strong>Volume</strong> 2, Technical Guidance
Change language