Metropolitan Melbourne Investigation Discussion Paper - Victorian ...

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National and state parks Victoria’s national and state parks comprise the vast majority of the state’s protected area system. They are set aside primarily to conserve and protect natural ecosystems and provide for public enjoyment, education and inspiration in natural environments. National and state parks are managed for the same objectives under provisions of the National Parks Act 1975. These parks have multiple objectives and provide for nature conservation, recreation, water supply and other uses. While some parks include small relatively undisturbed areas, they almost all include areas with past disturbance, mostly from timber harvesting and grazing. National and state parks currently comprise approximately 25,000 hectares or about 27 per cent of public land in the investigation area. Parks wholly or partly within the investigation area are listed in table 4.3. VEAC is recommending several small additions to Kinglake National Park and Bunyip State Park (see chapter 10). Table 4.3 National and state parks in the investigation area NAME Organ Pipes National Park AREA (HA) WITHIN INVESTIGATION AREA 153 Above: The Yarra River fl ows through Warrandyte State Park in Melbourne’s outer east. Kinglake National Park 10,026 (total 22,430) Churchill National Park Dandenong Ranges National Park 272 ha 17 (total 3,540) Lerderderg State Park 646 (total 20,180) Warrandyte State Park 681 Bunyip State Park 13,075 (total 16,655) Marine national parks and marine sanctuaries In 2002, 5.3 per cent of Victoria’s marine environments were set aside under the National Parks Act in a system of highly protected marine national parks and marine sanctuaries. These areas are designated for protection of natural values with no fi shing, resource use or damaging activities permitted. Only the areas of marine national parks and sanctuaries between high and low water mark are included within the investigation area boundary. Yaringa Marine National Park (90 hectares of 980 hectares total) in Western Port and Jawbone Marine Sanctuary (4 hectares of 30 hectares) near Williamstown are partly included in the Metropolitan Melbourne Investigation area. Point Cooke Marine Sanctuary and Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary abut the investigation area boundary along the high water mark, but are not included. Both Yaringa Marine National Park and Jawbone Marine Sanctuary adjoin onshore nature conservation reserves comprising saltmarsh, wetlands, sheltered intertidal soft sediments and mangrove complexes. Yaringa 70
Marine National Park together with Quail Island Nature Conservation Reserve and Northern Western Port Nature Conservation Reserve, constitute an important portion of the Westernport Ramsar wetland, and protect one of the least disturbed intertidal mudfl ats in the region. Jawbone Marine Sanctuary contains one of the largest mangrove community remnants in Port Phillip Bay, and includes a range of unusual geomorphological features and values. Other parks Several areas across Victoria are set aside under Schedule Three of the National Parks Act as other parks. Where the park was established primarily for protection of natural or biodiversity values, these areas are included in the protected areas system. Some of these areas also provide for an intensity of recreational use and similar activities (e.g. dog walking) that may not be compatible with national or state parks. There are three places in this investigation area that are other parks under Schedule Three of the National Parks Act: Lysterfi eld (Lake) Park set aside for recreational values in a natural landscape and Woodlands Historic Park established for cultural heritage values are considered regional parks based on current public land use objectives and values; and Langwarrin Flora and Fauna Reserve is considered a nature conservation reserve. Nature conservation reserves Nature conservation reserves are protected areas like national and state parks. These areas are set aside to conserve rare or threatened species and/or plant associations or communities that are of particular conservation signifi cance or valuable faunal habitat. The primary land use objective is nature conservation, with compatible educational and scientifi c study and some passive recreation where compatible with the values of the particular reserve. There are 41 nature conservation reserves in the investigation area (see appendix 5). Twelve existing nature conservation reserves specifi cally protect native grasslands and grassy woodlands in the Victorian Volcanic Plain bioregion. This is one of the most cleared ecosystems in Victoria having been subjected to intensive agriculture and domestic stock grazing. These threatening processes continue and there is additional pressure from expanding residential development in Melbourne’s west. Very little of this bioregion remains in public ownership across the investigation area. Five nature conservation reserves are greater than 200 hectares in size. Of these Craigieburn Grasslands (344 hectares), The Pines (216 hectares) and Langwarrin (215 hectares) fl ora and fauna reserves are located in corridors of expanding residential development. The other large areas — Warrandyte-Kinglake Nature Conservation Link (646 hectares) and Northern Western Port Nature Conservation Reserve (680 hectares) — are located in the outer areas, the latter extending beyond the investigation area boundary. Many are small remnants of the precolonisation landscape; fi fteen are less than 20 hectares. Small nature conservation reserves are particularly sensitive to disturbance, both from within or from adjoining land use, and maintaining their natural values can be problematic. Private protected areas Trust for Nature (TFN) conservation land is the only freehold public land in the investigation area currently included in a protected area category. A total of around 155 hectares of TFN owned public land at 10 sites meet the standards of protected areas on Crown land. The largest sites are Willis Nature Park at Smiths Gully (82 hectares) and Harbury near Gembrook (22 hectares). These areas are managed in a manner consistent with nature conservation reserves. Natural features reserves Natural features reserve is a public land use grouping that includes several categories of land that have broadly similar land use objectives. They include: G scenic and natural features areas G bushland areas G wildlife areas (hunting permitted) G lakes G geological and geomorphological features areas G streamside areas G stream frontages, stream beds and banks G wetlands. While the conservation values of such areas are not generally as signifi cant as those of national parks and nature conservation reserves, these areas nonetheless have an important role in the protection of remnant vegetation and habitat, and of natural and scenic features and landscape character. They also provide opportunities for education and passive recreation. Bushland, scenic and streamside areas are considered to be protected areas, as they are managed primarily for protection and enhancement of natural values. 71
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Metropolitan Melbourne Investigatio
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Metropolitan Melbourne Investigatio
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Council members (left to right): G
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CONTENTS Foreword 1 The structure o
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY picture of the us
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PART A INTRODUCTION This part provi
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Metropolitan Melbourne’s populati
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1.4 Scope of the investigation This
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sporting facilities and parks, gard
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1.7 Policy context 1.7.1 INTERNATIO
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A signifi cant, staged increase in
Page 24 and 25: 2 METROPOLITAN MELBOURNE - THE PLAC
Page 26 and 27: 22 Figure 2.1 Geology of the invest
Page 28 and 29: Beaumaris and Sandringham. This are
Page 30 and 31: 26 Figure 2.2 Geomorphological unit
Page 32 and 33: had a signifi cant impact on many b
Page 34 and 35: Water quality Water quality is natu
Page 36 and 37: 2.3 Biodiversity Biodiversity refer
Page 38 and 39: 2.3.3 ECOLOGICAL VEGETATION CLASSES
Page 40 and 41: 36 Figure 2.6 Existing native veget
Page 42 and 43: 38 Figure 2.8 Vegetation quality wi
Page 44 and 45: A total of 495 native vertebrate fa
Page 46 and 47: Box 2.3 Eltham copper butterfly The
Page 48 and 49: The investigation area contains abo
Page 50 and 51: Globally, warming is accelerating.
Page 52 and 53: Figure 2.11 Average annual inflows
Page 54 and 55: 3 METROPOLITAN MELBOURNE - THE PEOP
Page 56 and 57: Box 3.1 Woodlands Historic Park Woo
Page 58 and 59: Figure 3.2 ‘Batman’s Treaty wit
Page 60 and 61: 3.3.2 THE GROWTH AND URBANISATION O
Page 62 and 63: 3.3.3 MELBOURNE’S PLANNING HISTOR
Page 64 and 65: 3.4 The people of metropolitan Melb
Page 66 and 67: 3.4.2 MELBOURNE’S FUTURE POPULATI
Page 68 and 69: 4 PUBLIC LAND The Victorian Environ
Page 70 and 71: G Other government departments own
Page 72 and 73: 4.4 Public land use categories An e
Page 76 and 77: Other natural features reserves suc
Page 78 and 79: Table 4.5 Regional parks in the inv
Page 80 and 81: and tensions between user groups ar
Page 82 and 83: and utilities areas than elsewhere
Page 84 and 85: Table 4.6 Reference areas NAME AREA
Page 86 and 87: A summary of popular sport and recr
Page 88 and 89: Recycled water Melburnians use abou
Page 90 and 91: 4.7.5 COMMERCIAL RESOURCE USES Acro
Page 93 and 94: PART D THE CONTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC L
Page 95 and 96: 5.3 The contribution of public land
Page 97 and 98: LIVEABILITY GOAL: Dynamic resilient
Page 99 and 100: 5.4 Opportunities for enhancing the
Page 101 and 102: Table 6.1 Open space categories CAT
Page 103 and 104: 6.3 A history of Melbourne’s publ
Page 105 and 106: 6.4 Open space strategies for metro
Page 107 and 108: Figure 6.2 Urban growth boundary an
Page 109 and 110: Trails are an important component o
Page 111 and 112: Public open space per capita Public
Page 113 and 114: Figure 6.7 Public open space per ca
Page 115 and 116: 6.9 Providing new open space Box 6.
Page 117 and 118: COMMENTS INVITED The open space con
Page 119 and 120: Parklands and gardens The City of M
Page 121 and 122: Coastal impacts Sea-level rise in f
Page 123 and 124: 8 ENHANCING BIODIVERSITY IN METROPO
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Climate change may also affect ecos
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Box 8.3 The National Reserve System
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Victoria’s Native Vegetation Mana
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Box 9.1 A short history of public l
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9.3 Scope of surplus public land Pu
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9.3.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF SURPLUS PU
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Box 9.3 Summary of Crown land asses
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government purchasers with suffi ci
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Biodiversity conservation Chapter 8
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10 DRAFT RECOMMENDATIONS Public lan
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Regional park Regional parks are se
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Water production areas Water produc
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10.2 Recommendations to enhance the
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Figure 10.1 Proposed additions to K
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Figure 10.2 Proposed additions to B
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Figure 10.3 Proposed Point Cook Coa
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Figure 10.4 Proposed Bandicoot Corn
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Figure 10.5 Ryans Swamp and surroun
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Figure 10.6 Edithvale Wetland Legen
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ABS BP C
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REFERENCES 1 Department of Infrastr
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80 Richardson, K., Steffen, W., Sch
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177 Parliament of Victoria (2008) S
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APPENDIX 1 COMMUNITY REFERENCE GROU
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APPENDIX 3 HISTORIC PLACES IN METRO
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Kings Domain Resting Place, Melbour
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ID SITE NAME PLACE TYPE Brimbank H0
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ID SITE NAME PLACE TYPE H0932 Retai
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ID SITE NAME PLACE TYPE H1051 Forme
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ID SITE NAME PLACE TYPE H0718 North
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PROTECTED AREA MUNICIPALITY AREA (H
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PROTECTED AREA MUNICIPALITY AREA (H
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Proportion of public open space in
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Public open space ownership within
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Public open space per capita (2006,
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Public consultation Land is general
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