Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias

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16 t h International Congress on Animal Reproduction 84 Poster Abstracts P169 Early sonographic diagnosis of embryo/fetal compromise in sheep cloned derived pregnancies using heart rate, crown rump length and abdominal circumference measurements Panarace, M*; Suarez, G; Cané, L; Garnil, C; Medina, M GOYAIKE S.A.A.C.I. y F., Biotechnology Area, Carmen de Areco CC37, CP 6725, Buenos Aires, Argentina Introduction Sheep cloning has been associated with an increased incidence of abnormal development of the conceptus and a high rate of pregnancy and neonatal loss. The overall efficiency remains low and the production of live offspring is still an unpredictable event. Thus, early prediction of the outcome of pregnancies initiated from cloned embryos has became an important issue, both for reutilization of recipients and also to prevent potential harm to the recipient, the lamb or both. Ultrasonography has proven to be an important, noninvasive method of screening that can be used as predictor of embryo/fetal loss. Objective The aim of this study was to determine if and which of the in vivo ultrasound and Doppler observations of fetal and placental development could be of predictive value for diagnosis of high-risk pregnancies. Materials and methods Forty-five natural-mated derived singleton pregnancies were used as the control group (A). In addition, 113 Merino breed recipients bearing clones were split into three groups according to the outcome of their pregnancies: (B) clones that died between 31 and 90 days (n = 78), (C) clones that died between 91 days and 48 hours after birth (n = 33) and (D) clones alive with more than six months old (n = 2). Measurements were taken every two weeks by ultrasonography (Toshiba Nemio 20, Tokyo, Japan) using two different convex probes, a 5-10 MHz from days 31 to 60 of gestation (transrectal) and a 3-6 MHz thereafter (transabdominal). Three parameters were measured: heart rate (HR, bpm) was determined by Doppler interrogation of umbilical arteries; crown rump length (CRL, mm) was measured in a longitudinal section of the embryo and abdominal circumference (ABC, mm 2 ) was registered in a cross section of the fetus abdomen. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and differences were considered significant when P < 0.05. Results While fetal losses were relatively rare in ewes carrying naturally mated ewes, losses were considerable in the cloned fetuses (4% versus 97%, respectively). At 31 days of pregnancy 32% of embryos that died before 90 days (B) and 21% of those that died after 90 days (C) had a HR < 188 bpm; the incidence of this abnormality was higher (P < 0.05) in (B) and (C) than in (A) (0%). Also at 31 days, CRL < 16.5 mm was found in 14% of embryos in (B) being different (P < 0.05) to that observed in (A) and (C), (0%). At 87 days of gestation, 38% of the fetuses in (C) had ABC values > 228 mm 2 , this incidence was higher (P < 0.05) than that in (A), (0%). Given these findings, it is entirely plausible that the early losses recorded in our current study resulted partly from developmental defects of the embryo/fetus proper and partly from placental failures (most of the fetuses with enlarged ABC were simultaneously found with hydrops). Conclusion A HR < 188 bpm or a CRL < 16.5 mm detected with ultrasonography at 31 days of pregnancy were important markers for clones that died between 30 and 90 days of gestation. In addition, ABC at 87 days was a predictor of fetuses that developed large offspring syndrome. P170 Hyperglycaemia in day 9 of the estrous cycle did not increase ovulation rate in ewes but modified plasma IGF-I concentrations Pérez-Clariget, R 1 *; López-Mazz, C 1 ; Regueiro, M 1 ; Crooker, BA 2 ; Carriquiry, M 1 1Department of Animal Production and Pastures, School of Agronomy, UDELAR, Uruguay; 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Minnesota, USA To evaluate the effect on ovulation rate of increased glycaemia during 24 h in the luteal phase of cycling ewes, thirty-four non-lactating adult Corriedale ewes (44.6±4.5 kg of body weight and 3.2±0.5 body condition, in a scale 1-5) that grazed native pastures were used. Estrus was synchronized with 2 doses of cloprostenol 8 d apart and on day 9 of the synchronized estrous cycle, ewes were randomly assigned to receive an oral administration of a neoglucogenic solution (125 ml; 70% glycerol, 20% propilenglycol, 10% distilled water; n=17; Group-G) or saline (n=17; Group-S), administrated every 6 h for a 24 h-period. All ewes were inseminated with fresh semen at the following (natural) estrus and number of corpus luteum (CL) was observed by laparoscopy at day 8 of the natural estrous cycle. Means were considered to differ when P
16 t h International Congress on Animal Reproduction Poster Abstracts 85 Grants: CICYT-FEDER AGL 2005-02614, CICYT-FEDER AGL 2007-61229 and DGA A-26/2005. P172 Plasmatic progesterone and cortisol concentrations in non-pregnant, pregnant and lactating Saanen breed goats De Paula, M 1 ; Peruca Baldini, L 1 *; Greco, G 1 ; Bittencourt, RF 1 ; Maia, L 2 ; Oba, E 1 1Department of Radiology and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University -UNESP- Botucatu, Brazil; 2 Department of Veterinary Clinics and Pathology, Fluminense Federal University -UFF, Brazil Progesterone is well known as being the main hormone capable of maintaining pregnancy in domestic animals. Cortisol, on the other hand, is released during stress, being responsible for the induction of parturition through stimulation of progesterone catalysis. In the bovine species, high cortisol concentrations have been detected moments before birth and during the puerperal period. In comparison to other domestic ruminants, few studies have been published regarding the variations in the plasmatic concentrations of cortisol in goats, according to their reproductive state. The present work had as objective to determine the plasmatic concentrations of progesterone and cortisol in non-pregnant, pregnant and lactating Saanen breed goats. Forty-three (43) female Saanen goats, aging 24 to 32 months, were assigned into three different groups according to their reproductive state. Group 1 was composed of 15 non-pregnant goats. Thirteen (13) goats experiencing their last month of pregnancy were assigned to group 2. As for group 3, it was composed of 15 lactating goats, whose kids were at most one month old. Blood was collected between 8:00 and 10:00 am through jugular venipuncture into tubes containing heparin, which were centrifugated at 3000 x g for 15 minutes. Plasma obtained was immediately stored at – 20 degrees Celsius. Progesterone and cortisol concentrations were estimated through radioimmunoassay, using Diagnostic Products Corporation® (DPC) kits. The obtained data was statistically analyzed through the Statistical Analysis System®, version 6.1, 1996. The concentrations of progesterone and cortisol were compared between the groups using the Student-Newman-Keuls test. The correlation between both hormones measured concentrations was established using the PROC CORR procedure. Significance levels were set as P < 0.05. No correlation was found between cortisol and progesterone concentrations (P > 0.05). Mean progesterone concentrations were 1.71 ng/mL +/- 2.18, 13.56 ng/mL +/- 5.21 and 0.2 ng/mL +/- 0.08 in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Pregnant goats had higher (P < 0.01) progesterone concentrations than lactating and non-pregnant animals. As for cortisol, mean concentrations were, respectively, 1.75 μg/dL +/- 1.04, 1.21 μg/dL +/- 0.4 and 1.17 μg/dL +/- 0.6 in groups 1, 2 and 3. Plasmatic cortisol concentrations were similar between the analyzed groups. Progesterone concentrations were higher in pregnant than in lactating and non-pregnant animals. No correlation between both hormones was found. P173 Reproductive parameters of dairy goats submitted to artificial bioclimatic conditions similar to the Eastern Amazon Region Pinho, RO. 1 ; Guimarães, JD. 1 *; Martins, LF. 1 ; Castilho, EF. 1 ; Borges, MCB. 1 ; Paraizo, RM. 1 ; Torres, CAA 2 ; Vasconcelos, GSC 1 . Veterinary Medicine Department, Viçosa Federal University, Brazil; 2Zootechnics Department, Viçosa Federal University, Brazil This work deals with the reproductive behavior of Alpine and Saanen female goats submitted to artificial bioclimatic conditions similar to those of the Eastern Amazon Region, when compared to female goats raised under normal typical bioclimatic conditions of regions where they demonstrate seasonality. The study was conducted during the reproductive season for goats, consisting of an adaptation period of 30 days and an experimental period of 60 days, in the bioclimatic chamber. Group 1 (n=4) animals remained in the bioclimatic chamber with temperature and air humidity control (8:00-12:00 hours: 30 ºC; 12:00-18:00: 36 ºC; 18:00-8:00: 26 ºC; with 60 % of average humidity; and a 12 hour fotoperiod), thus simulating bioclimatic conditions of the northern region of Brazil (next to the Equator line), whereas group 2 (n=4) was kept under influence of the natural climatic variations of the season. Physiological parameters were measured twice a day, with daily follicular dynamics accompaniment, besides blood collection twice a week for cortisol, progesterone and estrogen dosages. During the experimental period, a difference was observed (p0.05). There was no difference (p>0.05) in the duration of estral cycle and estrus for the animals of groups 1 and 2. There was no difference (p>0.05) in relation to the number of follicles observed in the day of the estrus and to the ovulatory follicle diameter, as a function of the groups and number of estrus evaluated, with average values of 4 and 3.5 in the 1 st estrus, 5 and 3 in the 2 nd estrus, and 4 and 4.5 in the 3 rd estrus, for groups 1 and 2, respectively. The number of follicular waves observed varied from 4 to 5 in group 1 and 2 to 4 waves in group 2. Although the animals of group 1 demonstrated higher values of progesterone and estrogen in relation to the animals of group 2, the endocrine secretion standard of these hormones revealed to be similar for both groups in all the studied estral cycles, as a function of time. The results indicated that female goats can be raised under bioclimatic conditions, without modifying the related physiological standards. P174 Relation between superovulatory response and embryo quality with hematological and biochemical blood variables in hair ewes Ramón, J 1 *, Sauri, I 2 , Navarrete, L 1 , González, E 2 , Cervera, D 1 , Sierra, A 1 , Piña, R 3 and Quintal, J 4 1Center of Ovine Selection and Reproduction, Technical Institute of Conkal, Yuc., Mexico (J. Ramón jramon@itaconkal.edu.mx); 2 Central Regional Laboratory of Merida, Yuc, Mexico. 3 Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Yucatan, 4 INIFAP-Mococha, Yucatán, México Our aim was to correlate hematological (hematocrit and hemoglobin) and biochemical blood variables (plasmatic proteins, total proteins, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, urea, ureic acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) with ovulation rate and embryo quality in Pelibuey sheep. No significant relationships were found (P > 0.05) between ovulation rate and such variables. However, significant difference was found (P < 0.05) between ureic acid and embryo quality a correlation of 0.4686. By using a regression analysis, this equation was obtained: embryo quality = 3.4050 + 1.5549*Ureic acid. This equation expresses that for every 0.3 mg/dL increment in ureic acid levels, the embryo quality improves 1.55 units of score. The levels of ureic acid were proportionally inverse to urea, showing a tendency (P < 0.1) only with creatinine over embryo quality. The supplementation before and after the superovulatory treatment showed differences, on hematocrit (P < 0.01), hemoglobin (P < 0.01), glucose (P < 0.05), urea (P < 0.05) and alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.01). These results suggest that biochemical parameters such as ureic acid, urea and creatinine, may be involved together with methabolic pathways that contribute to predict or explain levels of superovulatory response and embryo quality with the applicattion of exogenous gonadothropins. Supported by: DGEST 509.07-P and CONACYT-SAGARPA-2004- C01-150/A-1
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Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias

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