Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias

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16 t h International Congress on Animal Reproduction 74 Poster Abstracts semen samples used on artificial insemination programs in ovine herds. P138 The End of Breeding Season in Subtropical Female Goats Results From the Development of Refractoriness to Winter Short Days Delgadillo, JA 1 *; Aguilar, J 1 ; Malpaux, B 2 1Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torreón, Coahuila, México; 2 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 6175 INRA-CNRS-Université de Tours-Haras Nationaux, Nouzilly, France This study was carried out to determine if the end of the breeding season of local female goats from subtropical Mexico results from refractoriness to the stimulatory effect of short days of winter or to the inhibitory effect of increasing day length following the winter solstice. Does were ovariectomized and treated with a subcutaneous implant constantly releasing estradiol-l7 ß (OVX+E). The control group (n = 6) remained in open sheds under natural day length. The experimental group (n = 6) was placed in a light-proof building and exposed to constant short days (10 hours of light by day) from the winter solstice. LH plasma concentrations were measured twice a week. The seasonal decrease in LH secretion, indicative of the end of the breeding season, was defined as the first of three consecutive samples with LH concentrations lower than 1 ng/ml. The seasonal decrease in LH secretion did not differ (P > 0.05) between experimental (February 4 + 10 days) and control (February 3 + 5 days) groups. These results allow us to conclude that, as in temperate latitudes, the end of the breeding season in female goats raised in a subtropical latitude is not driven by winter increasing day length, rather it appears to result from short day refractoriness. This suggests the implication of an endogenous circannual rhythm in regulating seasonal changes in reproduction in subtropical latitudes. Supported by CONACyT grant (28420N). P139 Effect of dietary supplement of phytoestrogens on thyroid hormones, steroid production and localization of carbonic anhydrase in testis, efferent ductules and thyroid gland of male goat kids Ekstedt, E 1 *; Holm, L 1 ; Ridderstråle, Y 1 ; Selstam, G 2 ; Madej, A 1 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7011 S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; 2 Department of Molecular Biology, University of Umeå, 90187 Umeå, Sweden Exposure of xenoestrogens to humans and animals is an increasing concern due to their effects on reproduction. Phytoestrogens are nonsteroidal substances in many plants with capacity to bind to oestrogen receptors (ER). Presence of ER in the efferent ductules of the mature male goat indicates the importance of estrogens for male reproduction, which in turn have an effect on carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity (Zhou et al., 2001). The present study was undertaken to investigate whether a low addition of phytoestrogens to a normal diet affects thyroid hormone secretion, the establishment of testosterone production and histochemical localization of CA in testis, efferent ductules and thyroid gland during puberty in male goat kids. Four male goat kids were given a standard diet and 3 were given an addition of 3 - 4 mg phytoestrogens/kg body weight in tablets containing genistein, daidzein, biochanin and formononetin. The treatment commenced at 3 months of age and continued until slaughter at 6 months of age. Plasma testosterone, oestrone sulphate, total and free triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and thyroxin (T 4 ) were measured weekly. Testosterone and cyclic AMP were measured in testicular tissue and CA was localized histochemically in thyroids and reproductive organs. After four weeks of treatment, total T 3 concentrations were significantly higher in the phytoestrogen treated animals than in the control ones (2.3 ± 0.3 vs. 1.2 ± 0.2 nmol/l, P < 0.01). Plasma testosterone concentrations at week 7 were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the phytoestrogen treated animals than the control ones (37.5 ± 6.0 vs. 19.1 ± 5.2 nmol/l). Free T 3 concentrations in kids exposed to phytoestrogens were significantly higher than in control animals during week 8 and 9 of the experiment. At the end of the experiment plasma testosterone concentrations were slightly lower in treated goats, testosterone and cyclic AMP levels were lower in testicular tissue. Strong staining for CA activity was present in testicular capillaries, nuclei and apical membranes of the non-ciliated cells of the efferent ductules. The thyroid gland showed strong CA activity in the basolateral membranes of the epithelium. No difference was shown between groups. In conclusion, the exposure of male goat kids to low doses of phytoestrogens has an impact on the hormonal changes during puberty as well as the content of cyclic AMP in the testis, but did not alter CA localization in thyroids or reproductive organs. This study was supported by Formas P140 Efficiency of transabdominal ultrasonography in pregnancy diagnosis during late embryonic and early fetal stages of pregnancy in Konya Merino ewes Erdem, H 1 *, Saribaym MK 2 , Tekeli, T 1 1Obstetrics and Gyneacology, Selcuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Turkey; 2 Obstetrics and Gyneacology, Mustafa University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Turkey Objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of location (right ingiunal region [RIR] or left ingiunal region [LIR]) of transabdominal ultrasonography to determine pregnancy and number of embryo/fetus during late embryonic and early fetal stages of pregnancy in Konya Merino ewes. Eighty-four ewes were diagnosed as pregnant 34 days after mating by transrectal ultasonograhy. Of these ewes, 45 had single embryo and 39 had twin embryos. On days 34 and 50, these ewes were again examined by RIR and LIR transabdominal ultasonography. The results were compared with transrectal ultrasongraphy and lambing records. On day 34, 62 % (28/45) and 64% (29/45) of single pregnancies and 33 % (13/39) and 28 % (11/39) of twin pregnancies could be detected through RIR and LIR transabdominal ultrasonography, respectively. On day 50, 88 % (40/45) and 91 % (41/45) of single and 53 % (21/39) and 46 % (18/39) of twin pregnancies were detected through RIR and LIR transabdominal ultrasonography, respectively. Data were analysed by paired simple t-test and there were no significant differences between the days (day 34 vs day 50) and locations of examinations (RIR vs LIR). In conclusion, twin pregnancies can not be effectively diagnosed through transabdominal ultasonography during the first 50 days of pregnancy. However, when detecting number of embryo/fetus is not important, pregnancy diagnosis can be performed with this method starting on day 34. P141 Melatonin-based induction of cyclicity in intensive dairy (Awassi) flocks Faigl, V 1 *; Keresztes, M 1 ; Árnyasi, M 2 ; Kulcsár, M 1 ; Nagy, S 3 ; Szenci, O 1 ; Cseh, S 1 ; Huszenicza, G 1 1Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary; 2Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Debrecen, Hungary; 3 Awassi Corporation, Bakonszeg, Hungary Our aim was to compare three different cycle induction / synchronisation protocols used out of the breeding season in Awassi ewes. In the first experiment (Exp.1) 85 autumn lambing ewes of a commercial dairy farm were used. Milk progesteron (P4) or fecal gestegen metabolits were determined 3 times 7 days apart on d0, d7, d13 (Exp.1 d0:10 th Febr). Gest group was treated in April with gestagen sponge(d56-d70)+600IU eCG(d70). Mel+Gest group was implanted with melatonin (Mel, Melovin®, CEVA, Libourne, France) on d0 and synchronised as Gest group 56 days later. Mel+GPG animals were treated with Mel (d0) and synchronised with GnRH(d63)–PGF2α(d70)–GnRH(d72). Ewes were inseminated twice (fix AI) and were introduced to rams 14 days later. Individual P4 profile was followed from d45 to d99. Pregnancy associated glucoprotein was assayed on d99 and d133. Date of conception was
16 t h International Congress on Animal Reproduction Poster Abstracts 75 determined according to lambing dates. In Exp.2 the whole protocol was repeated with 115 spring lambing dams (Exp.2 d0:22 th June). In Exp.1 39% of ewes were still cycling in Febr, however only 6% remained cyclic by the end of April (NS). Significantly higher percent of gestagen treated groups ovulated following synchronisation (Gest:96% vs Mel+Gest:95% vs Mel+GPG:45%;P=0.040). 14% of Gest and Mel+Gest group vs 3% of Mel+GPG concieved from Fix AI (NS). 10% Gest, 5% Mel+Gest, 3% Mel+GPG became pregnant after ram introduction (NS). Great proportion 31-43% conceived in the following breeding season. 38-62% remained unpregnant for more than 220 days. In Exp.2 4% of dams were cycling by d0 (June, NS). Proportion of cyclic animals in Mel treated groups tended to be higher by d45-d56 (19% Gest vs 44% Mel+Gest vs 47% Mel+GPG;P=0.109). 100% of Gest and Mel+Gest vs 88% of Mel+GPG ewes ovulated following synchronisation (NS), however only 24% (Gest), 22% (Mel+Gest), 8% (Mel+GPG) conceived from fix AI (P=0.190). In all treating groups 65% became pregnant after ram introduction (NS). 8-27% of dams remained unpregnant until d150 (NS). Survival analysis of day of conception showed no significant difference between treatment groups (Exp.1 P=0.361;Exp.2 P=0.131). Concuding our findings reproductive activity of Awassi sheep became markedly seasonal under temperate latitude. Slow release melatonin implant inserted in Febr could not induce cyclic ovarian function; however the same treatment had beneficial effect when used in June. GPG protocol as a possible alternative of longterm gestagen treatment for synhronisation for AI can only be effective when used near to the natural breeding season. P142 Effects of different egg yolk concentration and sodium dodecyl sulfate during the freezing step of cryopreservation on motility and viability of Markhoz goat spermatozoa Farshad, A.*, Khalili, B. and Fazeli, P. Laboratory of Animal Reproduction of Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Kurdestan, Sannandaj, Iran (Farshad, A. AFarshad@uok.ac.ir) Cryopreservation induces cold shock and partially irreversible damage to sperm membranes. Egg yolk and addition of sodium dodecyl sulfat (SDS) to extenders prevents the effects of cold shock. Therefore, the objective of our study was to evaluate the effects of egg yolk and SDS on the cryopreservation of spermatozoa of goat. In Experiment 1, effects of different concentrations of egg yolk were investigated. Semen diluted (1: 4) with Tris-citric acid-fructoseglycerol solution containing 5, 10, 15 and 20 % (v/v) egg yolk were packed in 0.25 ml French straws at 37°C and cooled to 5°C over 2 h. Than, samples were frozen in vapor of liquid nitrogen, stored in liquid nitrogen for 24 h and thawed at 37°C for 1 min. After thawing, samples were evaluated for motility (%), progressive motility (%), viability (%) and morphological abnormality (%). The results shows, the rates of motility, progressive motility, viability and morphological abnormality in the dilution containing 5% egg yolk (55.7±4, 42.3±6, 60.2±4 and 89.5±3, respectively) were significantly higher (P0.05) between the 10 and 15 % egg yolk groups. The parameters of spermatozoa diluted in extender containing of 20 % egg yolk were significantly decreased (P
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