Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
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16 t h International Congress on Animal <strong>Reproduction</strong><br />
Poster Abstracts 63<br />
selection and management are <strong>in</strong>volved with this problem, and<br />
expression of estrous behavior is one of the important factors<br />
<strong>de</strong>term<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the dairy cows’ fertility. It has been well known that<br />
anestrous ovulations often occur dur<strong>in</strong>g early postpartum period, but<br />
the <strong>de</strong>tails on the frequency and tim<strong>in</strong>g of the events are not clear.<br />
Materials and methods To confirm the occurrence of ovulation 100<br />
lactations of Holste<strong>in</strong> cows were exam<strong>in</strong>ed by ultrasonography or<br />
rectal palpation 1 - 3 times per week. The cows were visually<br />
observed at least 2 times per day to <strong>de</strong>tect estrous behavior with the<br />
aid of a heatmount <strong>de</strong>tector or tail pa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g. Cows exhibited stand<strong>in</strong>g<br />
estrus (ST) or mount<strong>in</strong>g activity with other estrous symptoms (MT)<br />
were consi<strong>de</strong>red to be <strong>in</strong> estrus, and that was confirmed by subsequent<br />
ovulation. After 45-day of voluntary wait<strong>in</strong>g period, estrous cows<br />
with normal cyclicity were served AI. Conception was confirmed by<br />
ultrasonography at 35-40 days after AI. Data were analyzed by<br />
ANOVA, and P < 0.05 was consi<strong>de</strong>red significant.<br />
Results Because 8 lactations were not accompanied with conception,<br />
total 368 ovulations from 92 lactations of 69 cows were analyzed.<br />
Total number of anestrous ovulation was 136 (37 %), and the<br />
frequencies of first postpartum estrus expression were 11, 55, 28, 4,<br />
and 2 % at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th ovulations, respectively. From<br />
2nd to 5th ovulations, the frequencies of express<strong>in</strong>g ST were<br />
<strong>in</strong>creased from 10 to 74 %, while 19 – 24 % of ovulations were<br />
accompanied with MT only. In 14 lactations, total 17 times of<br />
anestrous ovulation was confirmed after the postpartum first estrus,<br />
and almost all of the occurrences of return<strong>in</strong>g to anestrus were<br />
observed at 2nd to 4th ovulations. Mean 305-day milk yield was 8,067<br />
kg (n = 36), 10,063 kg (n = 23), and 10,595 kg (n = 33) for 1st, 2nd,<br />
and > 3rd or later lactations, respectively. The frequency of anestrous<br />
ovulations <strong>in</strong> 1st lactation cows were 32 %, while those <strong>in</strong> 2nd and ><br />
3rd lactation cows were 42 and 38 %, respectively. Cows exhibited<br />
first estrus at 2nd (n = 50) and 3rd (n = 26) ovulation had significantly<br />
shorter days open (92 and 85 days) than those at 1st (n = 10) and 4th<br />
or 5th (n = 6) ovulation (118 and 127 days)<br />
Conclusions These results on the frequency of estrus expression and<br />
subsequent fertility <strong>in</strong> high-yield<strong>in</strong>g dairy cows can be useful<br />
<strong>in</strong>formation to study and improve their reproductive performance.<br />
P106<br />
Association among andrologic selection, semen freez<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
acrosome <strong>in</strong>duced reaction by hepar<strong>in</strong> (AIR) and profiles<br />
of hepar<strong>in</strong> b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g prote<strong>in</strong>s (HPB) of semen <strong>in</strong> young<br />
Nelore bulls<br />
Salvador, DF 1 *; Andra<strong>de</strong>, VJ. 2 ; Nogueira, LAG. 3 ; Vale Filho, VR. 2 ; Silvano,<br />
JO. 4 ; Santoro, MM. 4 ; Folha<strong>de</strong>lla, I 2 ; Salvador, RRS 4<br />
1Center of Science and Distance Education, Fundação CECIERJ, Brazil;<br />
2Faculty of Veter<strong>in</strong>ary Medic<strong>in</strong>e, Universida<strong>de</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ral M<strong>in</strong>as Gerais, Brazil;<br />
3Faculty of Veter<strong>in</strong>ary Medic<strong>in</strong>e, Universida<strong>de</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Flum<strong>in</strong>ense, Brazil;<br />
4Institute of Biology Science, Universida<strong>de</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ral M<strong>in</strong>as Gerais, Brazil<br />
Introduction The profile of hepar<strong>in</strong> b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g prote<strong>in</strong>s (HPB),<br />
andrologic parameters, profile of semen freez<strong>in</strong>g and acrosome<br />
reaction was evaluated from the semen of young Nelore bulls.<br />
Material Andrologic and semen freez<strong>in</strong>g parameters were evaluated<br />
from 55 young Nelore pre-selected bulls. However, the functional<br />
tests of the sperm quality was performed <strong>in</strong> 16 bulls, as well as their<br />
associations with prote<strong>in</strong>s profile from sem<strong>in</strong>al plasma, search<strong>in</strong>g for<br />
andrologic markers for high fertility and semen freez<strong>in</strong>g. A specific<br />
analysis for “hepar<strong>in</strong> b<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g prote<strong>in</strong>s”(HBP) and their association<br />
with “acrosome <strong>in</strong>duced reaction” (AIR) was performed. The analysis<br />
of prote<strong>in</strong>s was ma<strong>de</strong> a system of fast performance liquid<br />
chromatographic (FPLC) with a column of aff<strong>in</strong>ity to hepar<strong>in</strong> and<br />
after by electrophoresis of poliacrilami<strong>de</strong>.<br />
Results and discussion The overall mean for sperm motility, vigor<br />
and viability were, respectively, 66.4±5.7; 4.8±0.4 and 76.3±8.5%<br />
pre-freez<strong>in</strong>g, and 29.4±8.5; 4.6±0.6 and 34.5±11.1% post-freez<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
The post-freez<strong>in</strong>g recovery mean was 44.5±13.4%. The overall<br />
average of post-freez<strong>in</strong>g acrosome <strong>in</strong>tegrity was 84.9±6,05% reduc<strong>in</strong>g<br />
to 76.1±8.14% after four hours of <strong>in</strong>cubation. The mean of postfreez<strong>in</strong>g<br />
AIR was 18.53±9.59, rang<strong>in</strong>g from 8 to 43%. Differences<br />
(p>0.05) were not registered, when compar<strong>in</strong>g bulls of high and low<br />
AIR for the parameters: acrosome <strong>in</strong>tegrity, andrologic and sperm<br />
freez<strong>in</strong>g. The concentration of total prote<strong>in</strong>s <strong>in</strong> the sem<strong>in</strong>al plasma<br />
ranged from 3,18 to 52,7 mg/ml, with average of 26,8±20,5 mg/ml.<br />
The profile of the gel filtration <strong>in</strong> prote<strong>in</strong>s of the sem<strong>in</strong>al plasma<br />
showed eight different fractions. In the sem<strong>in</strong>al plasma there were<br />
i<strong>de</strong>ntified five different picks of prote<strong>in</strong>s with aff<strong>in</strong>ity of hepar<strong>in</strong>,<br />
be<strong>in</strong>g i<strong>de</strong>ntified 16 bands of prote<strong>in</strong>s with different molecular<br />
weights. The forth and fifth picks of sem<strong>in</strong>al plasma prote<strong>in</strong>s with<br />
aff<strong>in</strong>ity of hepar<strong>in</strong> were associated to the high percentages of AIR, as<br />
well as the frequency of the prote<strong>in</strong>s of 14, 18, 21 and 29 kDa. In the<br />
prote<strong>in</strong>s of the sperm membrane were i<strong>de</strong>ntified three different picks<br />
of hepar<strong>in</strong> aff<strong>in</strong>ity, conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g seven different bands. However, this<br />
pool has only a 56 kDa prote<strong>in</strong> which was associated to AIR.<br />
Conclusions Semen freez<strong>in</strong>g tests, acrosome <strong>in</strong>tegrity and AIR are<br />
important complementary tests <strong>in</strong> bull selection for fertility, s<strong>in</strong>ce they<br />
showed high variability even <strong>in</strong> andrologicaly pre-selected bulls. The<br />
evaluation of prote<strong>in</strong>s with aff<strong>in</strong>ity to hepar<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> sem<strong>in</strong>al plasma was<br />
shown effective for prediction of AIR rate, and could act as<br />
biochemical markers.<br />
P107<br />
The significance of uter<strong>in</strong>e E. coli <strong>in</strong>fection <strong>in</strong> the early<br />
postpartum period of diary cows<br />
Santos, NR*; Galvão, KN; Britt<strong>in</strong>, SB; Gilbert, RO<br />
Department of Cl<strong>in</strong>ical Sciences, College of Veter<strong>in</strong>ary Medic<strong>in</strong>e, Cornell<br />
University, United States<br />
We studied postpartum uter<strong>in</strong>e bacterial <strong>in</strong>fection, endometrial<br />
cytology and follicular function <strong>in</strong> 58 Holste<strong>in</strong> cows <strong>in</strong> a s<strong>in</strong>gle dairy<br />
herd <strong>in</strong> central New York. Dur<strong>in</strong>g the first postpartum week<br />
Escherichia coli was the commonest organism isolated from the<br />
uterus. Arcanobacterium pyogenes, which is more commonly<br />
associated with persistent uter<strong>in</strong>e disease, appeared later, peak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><br />
prevalence at around 3 weeks postpartum.<br />
Cows with E. coli <strong>in</strong>fection at one week postpartum were at <strong>in</strong>creased<br />
risk for A. pyogenes <strong>in</strong>fection at 3 weeks postpartum (OR = 8.07, 95%<br />
CI = 2.22 – 29.27; z = 3.18; P = 0.0015). These cows were also at<br />
<strong>in</strong>creased risk of be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>fected with anaerobic bacteria at 3 weeks<br />
postpartum (OR = 4.53, 95% CI = 1.06 – 19.41; z = 2.037; P = 0.04).<br />
In turn, cows <strong>in</strong>fected with A. pyogenes at 3 weeks postpartum had<br />
greater numbers of neutrophils <strong>in</strong> endometrial cytology samples at 5<br />
weeks postpartum (31.1 +/- 25.7% vs. 10.5 +/- 12.1%; P = 0.0008)<br />
and were at <strong>de</strong>creased risk of pregnancy by 150 days postpartum (OR<br />
= 0.24, 95% CI = 0.06 – 0.95; z = 2.031; P = 0.04).<br />
A known <strong>de</strong>trimental effect of postpartum uter<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong>fection is<br />
impaired ovarian follicular growth and function. In our study, the first<br />
postpartum dom<strong>in</strong>ant follicle reached a significantly smaller<br />
maximum diameter <strong>in</strong> cows <strong>in</strong>fected with E. coli on the day of calv<strong>in</strong>g<br />
than <strong>in</strong> cows free of E. coli at that time, regardless of <strong>in</strong>fection with<br />
any other bacteria (9.44 +/- 2.44 mm vs. 14.39 +/- 2.57 mm; P <<br />
0.0001). Follicular size was not related to <strong>in</strong>fection with other<br />
bacterial species.<br />
Our results <strong>in</strong>dicate that uter<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong>fection with E. coli <strong>in</strong> the first week<br />
postpartum mediates impaired follicular function and <strong>in</strong>creased risk<br />
for subsequent <strong>in</strong>fection with known uter<strong>in</strong>e pathogens, lead<strong>in</strong>g to<br />
<strong>de</strong>velopment of subcl<strong>in</strong>ical endometritis, and reduced chance of<br />
pregnancy by 150 days postpartum.<br />
P108<br />
The Effect of LH Surge on Regulation of Agiogenic<br />
Factors (VEGF and Angiopoiet<strong>in</strong>) and Matrix-Metallo<br />
Prote<strong>in</strong>ases (MMP) <strong>in</strong> Bov<strong>in</strong>e Follicles<br />
Berishak, B; Kliemk, H; Meyerk, HHD; Schamsk, D*<br />
Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freis<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
Germany<br />
The aim of this study was to evaluate the regulation pattern of VEGF-<br />
A (isoforms 121, 165, 189, VEGF-R1, VEGF-R2), Angiopoiet<strong>in</strong><br />
(ANPT-1, ANPT-2, Tie-1, Tie-2) and Matrix-Metallo Prote<strong>in</strong>ases<br />
(MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-14, MMP-19, TIMP-1, TIMP-2) <strong>in</strong> time