Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
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16 t h International Congress on Animal <strong>Reproduction</strong><br />
Poster Abstracts 51<br />
study <strong>in</strong>vestigated the relationships between these factors. A total of<br />
84 normal beef heifers had their oestrous cycles synchronised us<strong>in</strong>g<br />
two <strong>in</strong>jections of prostagland<strong>in</strong> (PG), 11 days apart and were fitted<br />
with HeatWatch® <strong>de</strong>vices. The time of <strong>in</strong>itial stand<strong>in</strong>g event followed<br />
by successive mount<strong>in</strong>g activity was taken as the onset of oestrus<br />
(D0). Heifers recor<strong>de</strong>d <strong>in</strong> oestrus were <strong>in</strong>sem<strong>in</strong>ated 5 – 21hrs after<br />
onset us<strong>in</strong>g semen from a s<strong>in</strong>gle ejaculate from a high fertility bull.<br />
Ovarian structures were ultrasonically exam<strong>in</strong>ed with a 7.5-MHz<br />
probe start<strong>in</strong>g 12 hours after onset of oestrus and repeated every 6<br />
hours thereafter until ovulation (OV) occurred. Time of OV was<br />
<strong>de</strong>term<strong>in</strong>ed from the time of the first scan on which the dom<strong>in</strong>ant<br />
follicle (DF) had disappeared m<strong>in</strong>us 3 hrs. Ovaries were re-exam<strong>in</strong>ed<br />
on day D7 to confirm OV and to measure luteal structures. Blood<br />
samples were collected at 12 hour <strong>in</strong>tervals on D -1, D0 and aga<strong>in</strong> on<br />
D7 for IGF-I and P4 which were measured by IRMA and RIA,<br />
respectively. Embryo survival (EmSurv) was confirmed by<br />
ultrasonography at D30 and D100 post AI. The relationships between<br />
EmSurv and cont<strong>in</strong>uous variables were evaluated us<strong>in</strong>g logistic<br />
regression. EmSurv at D30 was 69% with two of the heifers suffer<strong>in</strong>g<br />
foetal loss between D30 and D100. OV occurred (Mean±S.D) 27.4 ±<br />
5.9 h after the onset of heat. There was no relationship between the<br />
<strong>in</strong>terval from onset of heat to OV or the <strong>in</strong>terval from AI to OV and<br />
EmSurv. (P>0.05). There was evi<strong>de</strong>nce of a relationship between the<br />
size of the ovulatory follicle and EmSurv (Odds ratio=0.79; P=0.07).<br />
There was a positive relationship between concentration of P4 on Day<br />
7 and EmSurv (Odds ratio=1.4; P0.05) between P4 on D7 and ovulatory follicle size, CL volume or<br />
concentrations of IGF-I on D-1, D0 or D7. Similarly there was no<br />
relationship (P>0.05) between IGF-I concentrations and EmSurv. We<br />
conclu<strong>de</strong> that there was consi<strong>de</strong>rable variation <strong>in</strong> the tim<strong>in</strong>g of OV<br />
relative to the onset of oestrus. Time of AI relative to heat onset and<br />
or time of ovulation had no effect on embryo survival rate. There was<br />
a positive association between P4 on day 7 and embryo survival but<br />
not for IGF-I. Plasma P4 was not related to the size of the ovulatory<br />
follicle, CL volume or plasma IGF-I. Oocytes produced from large<br />
dom<strong>in</strong>ant follicles may have impaired embryo survival.<br />
P071<br />
Prevalence of cl<strong>in</strong>ical and subcl<strong>in</strong>ical endometritis <strong>in</strong><br />
dairy cows and the impact on reproductive performance<br />
Madoz, L 1 *, Ploentzke, J 2 , Albarrac<strong>in</strong>, D 3 , Mejia, M 4 , Drillich, M 2 , Heuwieser,<br />
WS 2 , De La Sota, RL 1<br />
1Catedra y Servicio <strong>de</strong> Reproduccion Animal, <strong>Facultad</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Ciencias</strong><br />
Veter<strong>in</strong>arias, Universidad Nacional <strong>de</strong> La Plata, Argent<strong>in</strong>a; 2 Bov<strong>in</strong>e<br />
<strong>Reproduction</strong> Cl<strong>in</strong>ic, Fac. Veter<strong>in</strong>ary Sciences, Free University of Berl<strong>in</strong>,<br />
Germany; 3 Catedra <strong>de</strong> Patologia, Fac.<strong>de</strong> Cs. Veter<strong>in</strong>arias, Univ. Nac. <strong>de</strong> La<br />
Plata, Argent<strong>in</strong>a; 4 Practica privada, Argent<strong>in</strong>a<br />
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cl<strong>in</strong>ical (CE)<br />
and subcl<strong>in</strong>ical (SE) endometritis and their impact on reproductive<br />
performance <strong>in</strong> dairy cows. Samples were collected from 211 Holste<strong>in</strong><br />
cows <strong>in</strong> three farms <strong>in</strong> Argent<strong>in</strong>a. Cows were exam<strong>in</strong>ed for diagnosis<br />
of cl<strong>in</strong>ical endometritis (CE) between 21 and 62 days postpartum<br />
(dpp) at a monthly herd visit. At exam<strong>in</strong>ation, cows were first<br />
<strong>in</strong>spected for presence of fresh and/or dry discharge on the vulva,<br />
per<strong>in</strong>eum, or tail. Then the mucus content of the vag<strong>in</strong>a was evaluated<br />
for color, proportion of pus to mucus, and odor; and a score was<br />
assigned as follows: clear mucus (0, [NOR]), predom<strong>in</strong>antly clear<br />
mucus with flecks of pus (1, [CE1]), purulent mucus but not foulsmell<strong>in</strong>g<br />
(2, [CE2]), or purulent or red-brown mucus and foul<br />
smell<strong>in</strong>g (3, [CE3]). After cl<strong>in</strong>ical exam<strong>in</strong>ation, if mucus content was<br />
NOR, cows were exam<strong>in</strong>ed (EX1) for diagnosis of SE by endometrial<br />
cytology (n=165). Cows were reexam<strong>in</strong>ed 14±3 d later (EX2).<br />
Endometrial cytology samples were collected us<strong>in</strong>g a cytobrush<br />
modified for use <strong>in</strong> cattle. Cytology sli<strong>de</strong>s were prepared by roll<strong>in</strong>g<br />
the CB on a clean glass microscope sli<strong>de</strong>, air dried, fixed with ethylic<br />
alcohol and stored <strong>in</strong> a sli<strong>de</strong> box. Sli<strong>de</strong>s were sta<strong>in</strong>ed with a modified<br />
Wright-Giemsa sta<strong>in</strong> and the <strong>de</strong>gree of endometrial <strong>in</strong>flammation was<br />
assessed by count<strong>in</strong>g a m<strong>in</strong>imum of 200 cells at 400 x magnifications<br />
and expressed as the percent neutrophils (PPMN). The diagnosis<br />
criteria for SE was >18% PPMN <strong>in</strong> samples collected 21-33 dpp,<br />
>10% neutrophils <strong>in</strong> samples collected 34-47 dpp and >5% PPMN <strong>in</strong><br />
samples collected 48-62 dpp. At 50 dpp, cows with normal mucus<br />
were <strong>de</strong>tected <strong>in</strong> heat twice a day and AI. All AI cows were diagnosed<br />
pregnant by transrectal palpation at 35-65 d post AI. At exam<strong>in</strong>ation,<br />
78.2% (165/211) of cows were diagnosed NOR and 21.8% with CE<br />
(56.5% [26/46] CE1, 37.0% [17/46] CE2 and 6.5% [3/46] CE3). The<br />
cytobrush was done <strong>in</strong> 149 of 169 NOR cows. The prevalence of SE<br />
was 10.1% (15/149). At EX2, 87.5% (49/56) rema<strong>in</strong>ed negative,<br />
10.7% (6/56) changed from positive to negative and 1.8% (1/56)<br />
rema<strong>in</strong>ed positive. Cows with SE nee<strong>de</strong>d more services per<br />
conception (2.77±0.45 vs. 1.96±0.18, p