Reproduction in Domestic Animals - Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias

16 t h International Congress on Animal Reproduction
158 Poster Abstracts
P395
The effect of intra-mammary infection on 205-day
adjusted weight of calves in a Brahman herd
Gonzalez-Castro, F 1 *, Scaramelli, A 2 , Cordero, F 2 , Tirado, MA 3 , Diaz, T 4 ,
Clerc, K 3
1Departamento Medico Quirurgico, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UCV,
Venezuela; 2 Patologia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UCV, Venezuela;
3Medico Quirurgico, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UCV, Venezuela;
4Instituto De Reproduccion Animal, acultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UCV,
Venezuela
In order to evaluate the effect of intra-mammary infection (IMI) on
205-day adjusted weight of calves (P205d) in a Brahman herd, 104
Brahman cows with >1 calving were used. Calving season spreads
from February 15th to June 15th. Restricted suckling, from day 30
postpartum, allowed 2 hours calf-cow contact in the morning and was
maintained until cow was diagnosed pregnant. Bacteriological
analyses were performed to individual quarter samples during early
lactation (EL; 30±7 d post-partum; n=104) and at weaning (W; 210 d
post-partum; n=66). Milk samples and their duplicates were collected
aseptically in sterile vials, and stored on ice for transportation to the
laboratory for bacteriological analysis, 6-8 h after sampling.
Staphylococcus sp. were identified using growth in blood agar (GBA)
and salt manitol agar, Gram staining (GS), catalase test (CT), OF
glucose test, coagulase test (CT). Streptococcus sp. were identified
using GBA, GS, CT, hypurate hydrolysis, aesculin hydrolysis, growth
in the presence of bile, tolerance to 6.5% NaCl and CAMP test. Gram
+ bacilli were identified by GBA, GC, growth in Tween 80 and in the
presence of 9.5% NaCl. Frequency distribution was used to determine
the IMI prevalence in cows and quarters. ANOVA was used to study
the effect of IMI on P205d, and only EL data was considered. The
prevalence of IMI in cows during EL and W were: Coagulase
negative Staphylococcus sp. different from S. epidermidis (CNS)=
19,2% (20/104) and 15,4% (10/65); Corynebacterium sp.= 7,7%
(8/104) and 4,6% (3/65); C. bovis= 3,8% (4/104) and 3,1% (2/65); S.
uberis= 3,8% (4/104) and 4,6% (3/65); S. agalactiae= 1% (1/104) and
1,5% (1/65); S. hyicus= 1% (1/104) and 1,5% (1/65); S. intermedius=
1% (1/104) and 0,0% (0/65); mixed infections= 4% (4/104) and 3%
(2/65), respectively. The prevalence of IMI in quarters during EL and
at W were: CNS= 10,2% (40/392) and 7,2% (18/249);
Corynebacterium sp.= 4,8% (19/392) and 3,6% (9/249); C. bovis=
2,6% (10/392) and 4,4% (11/249); S. uberis= 2,0% (8/392) and 1,2%
(3/249); S. agalactiae= 0,3% (1/392) and 1,6% (4/249); S.
intermedius= 0,5% (2/392) and 0,0% (0/249); S. hyicus= 0,0%
(0/392) and 0,4% (1/249); mixed infections= 1,1% (4/392) and 0,8%
(2/249), respectively. IMI had no significant effect on P205d. P205d
of calves from non-infected cows was 167.23±3 kg (n=52) and from
infected cows 163.05±3 kg (n=37). In conclusion, even though a
significant effect of IMI on P205d was not found, numeric differences
were observed, and non infected cows weaned slightly heavier calves
than infected cows.
P396
The effect of umbilical cord clamping on acid-base
balance of piglets at term
Jonker, FH 1 *, Van Dijk, J 2 , Van Loon, TPAM 3 , Taverne, MAM 1
1Farm animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the
Netherlands, Netherlands; 2 Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Netherlands; 3 Equine
Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Netherlands
Umbilical cord clamping (UCC) was used to mimic the evolvement of
birth asphyxia, like observed in natural farrowings. A laparatomy was
conducted in 4 sows (on day 112 or 113) under general anaesthesia.
Successive fetal compartments were exteriorised and each fetus was
placed, with an intact umbilical cord and its head covered by a plastic
bag, under a heating lamp. Piglets were alternately subjected either to
5-8 min of UCC (n=23) or served as controls (n=24) during a similar
waiting period (WP). After cutting of the cord, 21 control and 21
clamped piglets had to be supported by manual ventilation with room
air to establish independent respiration (IR). In 4 control and 7
clamped piglets no IR occurred and these piglets were classified as
non-surviving (NSV). Mean birth weight and duration of UCC or WP
of NSV piglets did not differ significantly from surviving (SV)
piglets. Before UCC / WP, acid-base balance values and heart rates
(HR) of piglets did not differ within and between litters throughout
the 5 h of surgery (mean 291± 44 min). UCC resulted in an initial
fetal bradycardia, with a consecutive gradual increase in HR, followed
by a second decrease in HR at which moment UCC was stopped. HR
in control piglets remained constant during the WP. Mean body
weight (BW) and duration of UCC / WP did not differ between SV
control piglets (n=20; BW: 1336± 417 g; WP: 7.0± 1.9 min) and SV
clamped piglets (n=16; BW: 1392± 403 g; UCC: 7.0± 1.1 min). Only
a mild, mixed respiratory-metabolic acidosis in umbilical artery blood
was measured at 10 min after cutting of the cord in SV UCC piglets,
with lower pH (7.22; range 7.10-7.32) and BE (2 mmol/L; -3 to 7) and
higher pCO2 (9.8 kPa; 7.0 – 12.2) and lactate values (6.5 mmol/L; 5.4
– 8.9) compared to SV control piglets (pH: 7.31, range 7.17 – 7.38;
BE: 5 mmol/L, range -6 to 10; pCO2: 8.5 kPa, range 6.8 – 12.2;
lactate: 4.0 mmol/L, range 3.0 – 5.6), independently of spontaneous
breathing, manual ventilation and BW. This study demonstrates that
loss of umbilical cord function alone is not responsible for severe
asphyxia during birth. The response to UCC was rather variable with
respect to onset of the second HR decrease and the degree of acidosis.
The latter was not as severe as reported by Herpin et al. in 1996 (pH <
7.00; pCO2 >11.8 kPa; lactate >7.2 mmol/L ) for highly asphyxiated,
vaginally delivered piglets.
P397
Biochemical profile of the amniotic fluid at the delivery
moment of the Nelore calves conceived by in vitro
production and embryo transfer
Moya, CF 1 *; Piagentini, M 1 ; Prestes, NC 1 ; Lucidi, CA 2 ; Takahira, RK 2
1Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, São Paulo
State University - FMVZ/UNESP, Brazil; 2 Department of Veterinary Clinics,
São Paulo State University - FMVZ/UNESP, Brazil
The purpose of the present study was to quantify biochemical
constituents of the amniotic fluid of the Nelore calves conceived by in
vitro production and embryo transfer at the delivery moment. Forty
cows divided in 2 groups were used in this experiment: 01- Twenty
cows pregnant with Nelore calves obtained by in vitro production
after follicular aspiration; 02 - Twenty cows pregnant with Nelore
calves obtained by superovulation of embryo donors. The animals
were fed on pasture with mineral salt, supplement of corn silage and
ration in the rural area in Avaré, São Paulo, Brazil. Near to the labor,
the cows were transferred to a maternal paddock, permitting delivery
observation. During the expulsion phase the amnion was punctured
and 15mL of fluid were collected, kept in a plastic tube and stored in a
freezer. The evaluation of the biochemical parameters were made
through commercial kits. Total protein, glucose, chloride and urea
were determined by colorimetric spectrophotometry. Creatinine and
gama glutamyltransferase (GGT) were determined by kinetic
spectrophotometry. Potassium and sodium were determined by flame
photometry. Statistics included analysis of variance and Tukey test
considering 5% as the level of significance. The mean values and their
standard error for the biochemical parameters obtained from the
amniotic fluid in the Group 01 were: 0.45±0.46 g/dL for total protein,
4.4±6.1 mg/dL for glucose, 8.0±5.3 mg/dL for creatinin, 40.3±16.5
mg/dL for urea, 17.2±14.6 UI/L for GGT, 63.7±31.5 b mmol/L for
chloride, 94.8±33.6 mmol/L for sodium and 8.3±7.1 a mmol/L for
potassium. The mean values and their standard error for the
biochemical parameters obtained from the amniotic fluid in the Group
02 were: 0.36±0.57 g/dL for total protein, 6.7±7.7 mg/dL for glucose,
5.9±4.9 mg/dL for creatinina, 38.3±20.5 mg/dL for urea, 22.6±13.0
UI/L for GGT, 88.8±23.8 a mmol/L for chloride, 77.7±33.4 mmol/L for
sodium and 3.9±1.8 b mmol/L for potassium (p