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Zazzo A; Merceron G; Blondel C; Vignaud P;<br />
Likius A; Mackaye H T; Brunet M. Palaeogeography<br />
Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,<br />
2005, 221(1-2): 153-174 4 图 版 .<br />
Carbon isotope composition and microwear<br />
analyses of tooth enamel were used to<br />
reconstruct the diet of late Miocene hippopotamids<br />
unearthed in the Toros-Ménalla area,<br />
Chad, contemporary to the oldest known<br />
hominids. A large sample of wild modern<br />
Hippopotamus amphibius from various locations<br />
in Africa was also analysed for comparison.<br />
Isotopic analyses showed that the modern<br />
hippo, reputedly a strict grazer, has a more<br />
varied diet than usually thought, including a<br />
significant amount of C 3 plants in closed to<br />
moderately open environments. Enamel<br />
formed before weaning was on average 3‰<br />
depleted in 13 C compared to post-weaning<br />
enamel, a pattern that could be partially explained<br />
by milk consumption. The observed<br />
micro-wear pattern of the modern hippo differs<br />
from that of other modern ungulates. We<br />
explain the very abundant fine scratches and<br />
small pits found on these hippo teeth by the<br />
preference for fresh short grasses with low<br />
silicon content. The diet of the late Miocene<br />
hippopotamid was probably close to that of<br />
the modern Hip. amphibius, but included a<br />
larger amount of C 3 plants. This contradicts<br />
previous palaeoecological findings based on<br />
relative hypsodonty degree and indicates that<br />
the modern feeding behaviour of large hippos<br />
was already developed at the end of the Miocene,<br />
when C 4 grass exploitation by large ungulates<br />
became much more frequent in Africa.<br />
Finally, it also indicates that C 4 grasses were a<br />
significant component in late Miocene environments<br />
of Central Africa.<br />
2008010254<br />
纽 约 州 sewell 地 区 脊 椎 动 物 化 石 REE 标<br />
志 : 对 K-T 界 线 位 置 的 指 示 意 义 = REE<br />
signatures in vertebrate fossils from sewell, NJ:<br />
implications for location of the K-T boundary.<br />
( 英 文 ). Staron R M; Grandstaff B S; Gallagher<br />
W B; Grandstaff D E. Palaios, 2001,<br />
16(3): 255–265<br />
Rare Earth Element (REE) signatures have<br />
been used to test whether mosasaur bones in a<br />
basal Hornerstown Formation bonebed (the<br />
Main Fossiliferous Layer, or MFL) in New<br />
Jersey were reworked from the underlying<br />
Maastrichtian beds or deposited synchronously<br />
with the bones of other taxa in the<br />
Hornerstown Formation. The interpreted age<br />
of the bonebed (Maastrichtian vs. Danian) and<br />
the position of the K-T boundary in New Jersey<br />
are affected by the possible reworking.<br />
Statistical techniques, such as ANOVA and<br />
Discriminant Analysis, show that signatures of<br />
REE in MFL bones are different from those of<br />
bones in either the underlying Navesink Formation<br />
or the upper part of the Hornerstown<br />
Formation, suggesting a unique depositional<br />
setting for this bonebed. REE signatures of the<br />
MFL mosasaur bones conform with signatures<br />
in bones from other taxa within the MFL, suggesting<br />
that their deposition was contemporaneous<br />
with that of the other taxa. Thus, the<br />
MFL bonebed appears to be Cretaceous in age<br />
and the K-T boundary must be in or above the<br />
MFL, within the Hornerstown Formation.<br />
2008010255<br />
图 库 曼 国 家 大 学 Miguel Lillo 研 究 所 古 脊<br />
椎 动 物 藏 品 中 的 非 哺 乳 犬 齿 兽 类 目 录 及 其<br />
评 述 = Catalogue of non-mammalian cynodonts<br />
in the Vertebrate Paleontology Collection<br />
of the Institute Miguel Lillo, Universidad<br />
Nacional de Tucuman, with comments on species.<br />
( 英 文 ). Abdala F. Ameghiniana, 2000,<br />
37(4): 463-476<br />
An annotated list of non-mammalian cynodont<br />
materials in the Vertebrate Paleontology<br />
Collection of the Institute Miguel Lillo (PVL),<br />
Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, is presented.<br />
This is the most important collection<br />
of South American Triassic tetrapods. The list<br />
is arranged at the familial level, with information<br />
on global geographic distribution and systematics.<br />
In addition, information about taxonomic<br />
status and synonymy is provided for<br />
each species represented in the collection.<br />
2008010256<br />
新 疆 水 龙 兽 新 材 料 兼 论 陆 相 二 叠 - 三 叠 系 界<br />
线 = The Lystrosaurus fossils from Xinjiang<br />
and their bearing on the terrestrial Permian-<br />
Triassic boundary. ( 中 文 ). 刘 俊 ; 李 锦 玲 ; 程 政<br />
武 . 古 脊 椎 动 物 学 报 , 2002, 40(4): 267-275<br />
记 述 了 新 疆 锅 底 坑 组 的 两 件 水 龙 兽 标 本 ,<br />
其 中 产 自 吉 木 萨 尔 县 的 一 件 层 位 最 低 , 被 鉴<br />
定 为 杨 氏 水 龙 兽 相 似 种 (Lystrosaurus cf. L.<br />
youngi)。 在 支 序 分 析 的 基 础 上 对 比 了 中 国<br />
与 南 非 的 水 龙 兽 , 认 为 两 地 的 水 龙 兽 大 多 数<br />
分 别 构 成 单 系 类 群 。 总 结 了 中 国 新 疆 水 龙<br />
兽 在 锅 底 坑 组 和 韭 菜 园 组 下 部 出 现 的 层 位 ,<br />
并 讨 论 了 以 水 龙 兽 来 确 定 陆 相 二 叠 - 三 叠 系<br />
界 线 。<br />
2008010257<br />
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